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1、【考研英语】2021年4月辽宁大连大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时一，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我
2、们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因此w hile可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥 。第2题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It m
3、ay seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans
4、through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gav
5、e her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved through
6、out herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是C o第3题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第4题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his
7、gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义
8、。此处译文具体化，译作“支着。第5题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的;essential基本的;本质的。第6题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子 脉冲；刺激；神经冲动；推动力。第7题【单选题】Transpar
9、ency is needed people are skeptical about policy-makersmaking policy against their own interests.A、soB、becauseC、thereforeD、thus【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句后半部分表示的是一个原因，即：纳税人要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做出有悖于他们利益的事。第8题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出,识别；承认。第9题【单选题】The gover
10、nment has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第10题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】va ry改变；im p r
11、o ve改善，增进；提高 的价值。第11题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意
12、思是 不如 重要，而加scarcely之后,双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 Co第12题【单选题】I wish that I with you last night.A、wentB、could goC have goneD、could have gone【正确答案】D【答案解析】could have done表示 本来可以。第13题【单选题】I took mathematics and physics because I think that veryimportant for me to make further research in this field.A、
13、what isB、they areC、thisD、which are【正确答案】B【答案解析】they指代前面的mathematics and physics0第14题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、captured【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词 a
14、ttention搭 配 并 符 合 题 意 的 只 有 一 个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力）。根据题意，正确答案应选Do第 15题【单选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第 16题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革
15、命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是“不如.重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第17题【单选题】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drive
16、s towardaggression in the human species.Natural impulses of anger,hostility,andterritoriality（守卫士也盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence.These are all qualities that humans share with animals.Aggression is akind of innate（天 生 的）survival mechanism,an instinct forself-preservation,that allows ani
17、mals to defend themselves from threatsto their existence.But,on the other hand,human violence showsevidence of being a learned behavior.In the case of human aggression,violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct.The many expressionsof human violence are always conditioned by social conventions
18、 thatgive shape to aggressive behavior.In human societies violence has asocial function:It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of socialorder.Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing thepowers of violence.We will look at the ritual and ethical（道德上的）patterns within which
19、 human violence has been directed.Humanviolence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in t hat.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned be
20、havior。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of humanviolence are always conditioned by social conventions that giveshape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第18题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequen
21、t【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第19题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year/one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、“这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D
22、、”这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第20题【单选题】A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries.The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total ofseven doctorstwo pr
23、imary care physicians and five specialistsin agiven year.Contrary to popular belief,the more physicians taking care ofyou doesn/t guarantee better care.Actually,increasing fragmentation ofcare results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.We learnfrom the passage that people tend to bel
24、ieve that.A、the more costly the medicine,the more effective the cureB、seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errorsC、visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures good healthD、the more doctors taking care of a patient,the better【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o推理判断题。本段指出“给你看病的医生越多，并非意味着疗效就好，由此可以推测出人们普遍
25、的想法应该是看得医生越多，治疗效果越好。第21题【单选题】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a localrestaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment.She called to see if he was there.She said,“My husband has Alzheimers（老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.Numerousthoughts ran through
26、 my head.Call the police,call her family,and notify（通知）the doctor/s office she had just come from!But at first,I offeredto drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.Theelderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the
27、doctors officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her namewas Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant.可 矢 口 答 案为 C 项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第22题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andw
28、asnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classm
29、ate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第23题【单选题】Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangeroussource of radiation,according to Robert Bell,a scientist.And no morem
30、obile phone transmitter towers（发射塔）should be built until thelong-term health effects of the radiation they emit（放 射）isscientifically evaluated,he said.Nobodys going to drop dead overnightbut we should be asking for more scientific information,Robert Bell saidat a conference on the health effects of
31、low-level radiation.If mobilephones are found to be dangerous,they should carry a warning labeluntil proper shields can be devised/he said.According to Robert Bell,ifmobile phones prove to be dangerous to peoples h e a l t h,.A、they should be banned immediately.B、the use of them should be restricted
32、.C、all transmitter towers should be torn down.D、a warning label should be attached.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的第一句话告诉我们：被证实有辐射危险的手机应该带着标签。因此答案是D。第24题【单选题】If you stop smoking,you can only expect to have a bad cough.A、wontB、would notC、do notD、can not【正确答案】A【答案解析】w ill除了用作表示将来时的助动词外，还可用来强调愿意或不愿意。但是在表示不肯或不愿意时，则只能使用
33、w ont,不能使用would note第25题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第26题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】rew ard奖励；奖赏。第27题【单选题】The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering
34、 on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不
35、但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】句子中tax of suffering属于比喻,把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的t a x,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B 和 D 项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和 industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第28题【单选题】Critical reading to non-fiction writing in which the author putsforth
36、a position or seeks to make a statement.A、appliesB identifiesC、evaluatesD、reflects【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：批判的阅读适用于纪实文学写作中，作者提出一个观点或旨在作出说明。apply意为“（与某人/某物）有关；有效；适用，答案选A。第29题【单选题】No one can be sure in a million years.A what man will look likeB what will man look likeC、man will look like whatD、what look will
37、 man like【正确答案】A【答案解析】由语境含义和句子结构可知,w hat引导宾语从句而非特殊疑问句，应用陈述语序而不用疑问式倒装语序。第30题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查,质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第31题【单选题】This thesis led to a radica
38、l change of labor policies.A temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的；essential基本的；本质的。第32题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第33题【单选题】The value of childhood is easily blurred（变得模糊不清）in todaysworld.Con
39、sider some recent developments:The child-murderers in theJonesboro,Ark.schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced.Two boys,7 and 8,were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl inChicago.The two boys in Chicago wer e.A shotB murderedC、accusedD、sentenced【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段最后一句提到两个小男孩因谋杀另一个
40、小孩被起诉。charge的意思和accuse相同：控告，起诉”。第34题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆
41、虫；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第35题【单选题】We have great differences today.What brings us together is that we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，
42、是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。great differences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧”的意思；interests在本句中不是表示“兴趣，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第 36题阅读理解Text 2 Philip Hammond/s decision,announced in Mondays budget,to introduce a digital services tax is a brave and welcome step into theunknown.It makes Britain the second country,after Spa
43、in,to attempt toharness the greed of the tech giants and use the moola for socialpurposes.There is no serious doubt that the giant American advertisingcompanies that own the social media,along with Apple and Amazon,whose business model is rather different,use some remarkably creativeaccounting to en
44、sure they pay as little tax as possible in the countrieswhere they operate.Facebook is the most notorious example in the UK,reporting a profit margin of less than 5 percent on revenues here,whenits global average profits are closer to 50 percentof revenue.Bytaxing revenue,rather than profits,Mr Hamm
45、ond hopes to render thatkind of accounting pointless.Governments have historically competedagainst one another to host the big companies by offering them thelowest possible taxes on profits.In Europe Ireland and Luxembourg havebeen particularly creative in this regard.The proposed tax sidesteps that
46、.Unlike profits,revenues are a measure that the big companies haveevery incentive to boost.Many of them made no profits for years whileworking to gain their monopoly positions.Tax avoidance isembedded in the values of large parts of Silicon Valley:most of what itcalls“disruption“is an attempt to esc
47、ape tax as well as regulation and toextend the attitudes of the gig economy to every kind of transaction.Themost recent and perhaps the most shameless example of this is Grabr,aSan Francisco company that puts buyers in high-tax countries in touchwith people prepared to convey gadgets to them from lo
48、w-tax countries.Such schemes are a direct assault on one of the core powers of a nationstate.If data is the new oil,as is often argued,then the personaldata that these companies exploits should be treated as the property ofcitizens which the state is entitled to tax for our collective benefit.Oil is
49、still taxed much more heavily than data will be under any foreseeableversion of the present proposals.In the long term,then,taxes on theexploitation and refinement of personal data will have to rise.Forthe moment the shape and details of the proposed tax are all unclear.MrHammond is up against one o
50、f the largest and best-funded lobby groupsin the world.Sir Nick Clegg,at Facebook,will be busy all this year tryingto water down down this plan.He must not succeed.A licence to printmoney should not be a licence to avoid tax.A、services.B、earnings.C、transactions.D、measures【正确答案】BA、involves different