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1、1. The concept of “counterculture”:the attitudes and life styles of many young people who rejected conventional social values and demanded more personal freedom2. CountriesU.S., Britain, France, other western countries3. Time:from the 1960s to the late 1970sThe word “counterculture” was coined in th
2、e 1960s for the attitudes and life styles of many young people who rejected conventional social values and demanded more personal freedom. The counterculture first arose in the U.S. during the 1960s and soon spread to Britain, France and other western countries. These young people were opposed to th
3、e Vietnam War and dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs in their society. Yet, unable to find a more constructive way of struggling against these, they indulged themselves in sex, drugs, alcohol and rock music and took great pride in wearing long hair and unusual clothes and in taking up a
4、nything that was unconventional. The counterculture declined in the late 1970s.Hippy / Hippie1. Timethe late 1960s2. Countries:U.S., Canada, U.K., some other countries3. Behavior:nonviolent anarchyconcern for the environmentrejection of Western materialismbeing dressed in unusual clothes; living in
5、group together; taking drugsHippie, member of a youth movement of the late 1960s, was characterized by nonviolent anarchy, concern for the environment, and rejection of Western materialism. The hippie movement started in the United States and then spread to Canada, the United Kingdom, and many other
6、 countries. The hippies formed a politically outspoken, antiwar, artistically prolific counterculture in North America and Europe. The hippies were usually dressed in unusual clothes and lived in group together and took drugs.Middle Class1) In Britain:It refers to the class of people between the nob
7、ility and the working class. It includes professional men (such as doctors, lawyers and architects), bankers, owners of business and small gentry.2) In the United States:It refers to the class of people between the very wealthy class and the class of unskilled laborers and unemployed people. It incl
8、udes businessmen, professional people, office workers, and many skilled workers.Lawyer Solicitor BarristerLawyer:the general term for anyone whose work is to advise his clients about the law and represent them in courtSolicitor:a lawyer who gives advice, appears in lower courts, and prepares cases f
9、or a barrister to argue in a higher courtBarrister:a lawyer who has the right of speaking and arguing in the higher courts of law Introductory RemarksWe all know that the chief purposes of law are topeace and order, tothe rights of citizens, toand tothose whobreak the law. Good laws are those that a
10、re considered toof justicefor the society to which they apply. But even good laws may be unjustly applied or may be unjust in certain. In the story were going to study today, the author tells us aboutwhat happened to him more than aago. It was really a very, yet itus with muchWords or Phrases Relate
11、d to the TopicThe topic of this text is “law”. Now please put the following words or phrases into English1. 律师a lawyer2. 法官a law-officer3. 立法者a lawmaker4. 执法官a lawman5. 犯法者a lawbreaker6. 原告an accuser / a plaintiff7. 被告a defendant8. 罪犯an offender9. 法庭a law court10. 案件a law case11. 律师事务所a law office12
12、. 办案handle a case13. 贿赂bribery14. 指控accusation15. 打官司initiate legal proceeding 16. 控告某人have / take the law against17. 遵纪守法abide by the law18. 犯法break the law19. 驳回上诉reject an appeal20. 免予起诉release from charge21. 释放某人set sb. free / release sb. from prison Part Division of the Text1 the narrator has o
13、nce been in trouble with the law, which was a rather unpleasant experience. 2-20 the narrator was arbitrarily arrested and released21-22 the narrator believed that if he had come from a different background, he would have been found guilty.Questions and Answers1. What function does the first sentenc
14、e in this part serve?It serves as a topic sentence of the whole passage. All the other sentences in the whole passage are written around this topic.2. Which word in the last sentence of this part indicates the authors attitudetowards his unpleasant experience? And what is his attitude?The word is “a
15、rbitrary”. It tells the readers that what the police did in the incident was based on their own opinions rather than on evidence.Read this part again and find out the following elementsTime in February 12 years ago, between the time after the narrators graduation from middle school and before the na
16、rrators entering the universityPlace Richmond, a suburb of LondonCharacters the narrator and the two policemenHappeningthe narrators arbitrary arrest and releasebrush: n. a brief fight or encounterThese freshmen once had a brush with the Customs man.在上场比赛中我们的足球队员与裁判发生了一场冲突。Our football players had a
17、 brush with the referee in the last game.arbitrary: adj. decided by or based on personal opinion only rather than on reason The arbitrary decisions of the management caused anger among the workers.他草率的决定导致了项目的失败。His arbitrary decision resulted in the failure of the project.I knew little about medica
18、l books so my choice was quite arbitrary. Collocations:arbitrary bossarbitrary decisionarbitrary punishment独断专行的老板 武断的决定 肆意的惩罚circumstances: n. facts; conditions connected with an event or a person Good weather and other favorable circumstances made our picnic a success. Under these circumstances I
19、have to do it.在任何情况下，战士都不能离开自己的岗位。 In no circumstances can a soldier leave his post. exceptional / special circumstances favorable circumstances tragic circumstances under / in the circumstances特殊情况有利条件悲惨境况在这种情况下, 既然如此 在任何情况下都不subsequent: adj. later; coming after, following Subsequent research has p
20、roduced even better results 后来发生的事证明我错了。Subsequent events proved me wrong.NB: subsequent 常与 to 连用，意为：“ 在之后”。例如In the week subsequent to her marriage, she didnt go to work她婚后一周没去上班。His illness was subsequent to his fathers death. 他爸去世后，他病了。due: adj. expected to happen or arrive at a particular time;
21、supposed （to） The manager is due to set out on his journey this evening.你的报告应该明天交。Your report is due tomorrow.Collocations:be due to do sth. 要做（某事）be due for sth. 应得到（某物）due to sth. / sb. 因为（某人、某事）due consideration适当的考虑in due time在适当的时候undertake ones due obligations承担应尽的义务save up: keep money for fut
22、ure useIm saving up $5 a week to buy a Christmas present for my mother.他正在存钱，准备给家人买座小房子。He is saving up to buy a small house for his family.save可与其他词连用组成新的词组，例如：save on; save ones life; save face; save (ones) breath; save ones eyes 等。take ones time: not hurry; do sth. in an unhurried way你别慌，请清楚地告诉我大
23、楼里发生了什么事。Just take your time and tell me clearly what has happened in the building.You should take your time and check your test paper once more before handing it in.intention: n. a plan or desire to do sth.If Ive hurt your feelings, it was quite without intention.珍妮是抱着解决纠纷的目的来的Jenny came with the i
24、ntention of settling the dispute.CF: intention & intent这两个名词均有“意图，企图”之意。intention 普通用词，指某人内心产生的想做某事的想法，强调内心活动。He went to the boss with the intention of asking for a pay rise.他到老板那里去，想请求增加工资。intent 法律用词，常指某人怀有歹意而犯罪。例如：He broke into the house with intent to steal.他破门而入想偷东西。Collocations:by intention故意h
25、ave no intention of无意with good intentions好心好意地wander: v.1) walk about in a casual way or without a fixed purposeAfter supper he would go out and wander alone in the streets for about an hour.他们漫步穿过森林与田野。They wandered through the forests and fields.if your mind, thoughts, etc. wander, you no longer p
26、ay attention to sth., especially because you are bored or worriedIm sorry that my mind was wandering. What did you say just now?commit: v.2) do sth. wrong or illegalThe woman has committed murder and must be punished.They have committed many horrible crimes against the people.3) make known the views
27、 of (oneself) on an issueI never commit myself on such issues.turn out: be found or discovered (to be); prove to be turn out (to be) + n. / adj.turn out + (that)-clauseIt turned out (to be) a fine dayThe person I spoke to turned out to be an English student.It turned out that the experiment was much
28、 more difficult than they had expected.turn out & prove这是一个词组与一个单词进行比较。它们均有“(结果)证明是”的意思。turn out 往往表示事情的结果变得与原来不同或令人惊异。例如：The concert turned out a successprove 强调结果并强调需要一段时间的实践证明或根据经验得出某种结论。The concert proved a successcasual: adj. (of manners) not caring or seeming not to care about sth. that is hap
29、pening or whatone is doing ; (of clothes) comfortable and informalHe prefers casual clothes except on special or formal occasions.The retired worker is casual about his appearance.confirm: v. prove to be true or correctThe expression on his face confirmed me in my suspicions.请来信确认一下您所预订的项目。Please wr
30、ite to confirm your reservations.conduct:v.1) manage; direct; carry outThe manager conducted his business efficiently.The company conducted a survey to find out our reaction to the product.2) stand in front of a group of musicians or singers anddirect their playing or singing管弦乐队由一位著名的指挥家指挥The orche
31、stra is conducted by a famous conductor.3) allow (heat or electricity) to travel along or throughPlastic and rubber dont conduct electricity, but copper does.conduct, direct & lead这些动词都含“引导”之意。conduct 正式用词，指“引导某人去某处”，强调亲自带领；也强调监督管 理一群有共同目的或目标的人。例如：The chairperson conducted the hearingdirect 指“为某人指方向
32、” ，但自己不一定亲自引路，也可表示指导一群人 的事或活动。例如：The border guard directed me to hand over my passportlead 指“走在前面给某人引路或带路人共同去达到某一目标”。用于抽 象意义时，指在某项活动或运动中起主导和组织作用。例如The horses were led to safety.conduct an experiment / an inquiry ( a surveyconduct heat / electricity2. n. the way one behaves, esp. in public, in their
33、jobs, etc.The childrens conduct at the meeting was very good.call on: appeal to; require; invite (sb. to do sth. ) call on sb.call on sb. to do sth.Ill call on Jean for an answerHe was called on to speak at the banquet dismiss sb. (from a job) for sth dismiss the charges against sb. dismiss the clas
34、sstand a chance: have a chanceEveryone stands a chance of winning他既有学位又有丰富的经验，所以他想自己有希望得到这个职位With a degree and rich experience, he thought he would stand a chance of getting the post. award sth. to sb. / award sb. sth be awarded sth. for (doing) sth award a prize to sb. for (doing) sth. gain / obtai
35、n / win an award present / make an award given + n. given + that-clauseGiven their experience, theyve done a good job.Given that none of your friends offered you any help when you were in trouble, what would you think of them?They didnt meet at the given time. be guilty of a crime feel guilty about
36、sth.find sb. guilty guilty conscience guilty acts the guilty party revolve: v.1) go round in a circle around sth.; rotateThe earth revolves both round the sun and on its own axis.2) have sth. as a main subject or purposeHe wishes to revolve the problem before giving an answer. revolve 强调指物体围绕本身以外的中心
37、旋转，即公转。 rotate 强调指物体围绕自己的轴或中心旋转，即自转。 roll 指某物在平面上滚动或翻滚。circle 指作圆周运动。The planethe airport before landing.The earthround the sun.The childrendown the hill, laughing.The Earthon its axis once every 24 hoursHe complained to the waiter that his meal was plaint是complain的名词形式，意为“抱怨，不满，投诉； 诉说痛苦”。If you wish to make a complaint, you should see the manager.