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1、2023年高考英语第二轮复习小题狂练 专题02 冠词数词用法50题 (思维导图+高考真题+仿真模拟) 解析版【名词思维导图】【冠词数词高考考查动向】动向一、不定冠词a, an的区别动向二、定冠词the的用法动向三、含冠词的固定搭配动向四：基数词及序数词用法【小题狂练一】高考真题再现：在空白处填1个适当的单词。1. (2023浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heave
2、n, the hutongs reflect _ culture of grassroots Beijingers.1. the【解析】考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。2. (2022新高考I卷)Covering an area about three times _ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will b
3、e one of the first national parks in the country.2. the。【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。3. (2022新高考II卷)_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father
4、.3.The【解析】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。4. (2022全国甲卷)_ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 4. A。【解析】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句
5、首，首字母大写。故填A。5. (2022全国乙卷)To celebrate _ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 5. the。【解析】考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。6. (2022浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organiz
6、ers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of _ time, they agreed.6.the【解析】考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。7. (2021全国甲卷) It took us about 3 hours to go all _ way around the Xian City Wall.7. the【解析】考查冠词。all the way是固定
7、词组，表示“一路上，一直”。8. (2021全国乙卷) Due to _growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.8. the【解析】考查冠词。这里定冠词表示特指。9. (2021新高考I卷)While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is _ must to visit!9. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：尽管你在中国，黄山也是必看地方。a must
8、表示“必须的事”。10. (2021浙江6月卷) _ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.10. The【解析】考查冠词。姓氏复数前加上定冠词the，表示“夫妇”或者“一家人”。11. (2020全国II卷) The plum trees are _first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).11. the【解析】考查冠词。序数词前要用定冠词the。12. (2020浙江6月卷)T
9、his style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with _ rise of science, changes began.12. the【解析】考查冠词。With the rise of表示“伴随着崛起”。13. (2020浙江1月卷)A child born in the US today has _very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.13. a【解析】考查冠词。have a chance of表示“有可能性”。14
10、. (2019全国I)Of _nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.14. the【解析】考查冠词。这里应用定冠词the表示特指，“在19个被认可北极熊生活区里”。15. (2019全国II卷)When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was _ joke.15. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：当我们
11、接到一个电话说她入围了，我们想这是一个笑话。【小题狂练二】期终试题精选：在空白处填1个适当的单词。16. (河南省南阳市2023高三期末)Everybody wears _ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.16. the【解析】考查冠词。same总与定冠词the连用，再如Thank you all the same. the sameas, the samethat。17. (湖南省长沙市2023高三期末)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent
12、over _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.17. the【解析】考查冠词。over the past 25 years表示“在过去25年”，the表示特指。18.( 湖北省十堰市2023高三期末) Its not _matter of charity. Taking action is firmly in rich countries own interests.18. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：这不是慈善的问题。采取行动坚定地符合富国自身的利益。a matter of.意为“关乎的问题”。故填a。19.( 山西
13、省太原市2023高三期末) To show respect for _ friendship between China and Russia, Chinese-style designs have been adopted for the platform at the new station, including cloud-shaped lamps, red pillars and a suspended ceiling.19. the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：为了表达对中俄两国友谊的尊重，新车站的站台采用了中国风格的设计，包括云状的灯、红色的柱子和悬挂的天花板。空格处用定冠词the特指
14、“中俄友谊”，故填the。20.(广东省清远市2023高三期末) The Himba tribe is often referred to as _last nomadic(游牧的)people of Namibia. They count their wealth in the number of owned cattle.20. the【解析】考查冠词。句意：辛巴部落通常被认为是纳米比亚最后的游牧民族。根据下文中的last可知，此处应该用定冠词，the last表示“最后的”修饰名词people。故填the。21.( 河北省名校联盟2023高三期末) So reverse tourism
15、will become one of the future directions for the market and is _opportunity for growth comparable to the camping economy.21. an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：因此逆向旅游将成为未来市场的发展方向之一，其发展机会可以与露营经济相媲美。根据句意以及opportunity为单数名词可知，此处表示泛指“一种机遇”，为泛指概念，满足句意要求，结合opportunity发音以元音音素开头，故填an。22.( 河南省湘豫联考2023高三期末) “My father, who is _ b
16、ackbone of my family, is not very good at expressing his feelings. However, I know he was very happy when he saw my sculpture,” Huang said.22. the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我的父亲是我们家的顶梁柱，他不太善于表达自己的感情。此处特指父亲是家里的顶梁柱，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。23.( 山东省济南市2023高三期末) The landing is _ example of Chinas growing desire to compete with
17、the American，Russian and European space programs. China also wants to strengthen its position as a regional and international power.23an【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：这次着陆是中国越来越大的企图要与美国、俄罗斯以及法国空间项目竞争的一个例子。Example为可数名词，第一次提及，故用不定冠词an。24.( 福建省三明市2023高三期末) Walking along the narrow alleys(巷), you can admire _ interestin
18、g number of well-preserved traditional houses, temples and gardens.24. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：沿着狭窄的小巷，你可以欣赏到许多保存完好的传统房屋、寺庙和花园。a number of为固定搭配，意为“许多”，interesting是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。25.( 云南省昆明市2023高三期末) As _alternative to acupuncture, patients will be able to choose either a course of spinal manipulation(
19、脊椎推拿),or a series of special exercise sessions.25. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：作为针灸的一种选择，患者可以选择脊椎推拿课程，或一系列特殊的锻炼课程。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一种选择”，结合alternative以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。26.( 北京市海淀区2023高三期末) “I come from _ remote mountainous village. Quite a number of folks are struggling with poverty there, so all I wish is to do m
20、y part to improve their lives,” she once said.26. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：我来自一个偏远的山村。village“村庄”为可数名词，此处使用了单数，空后形容词remote的首个音素为辅音，所以此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。27.( 山东省菏泽市2023高三期末) The county, located in eastern Tibet, is _center for ancient Tibetan art forms such as thangka paintings.27. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：该县位于西藏东部，是古代西藏艺术形式
21、如唐卡绘画的中心。可数名词单数center前面应该加上冠词，且此处表示“一个中心”，其为辅音音素开头，故填a。28.( 河北省石家庄市2023高三期末) They built houses and courtyards, now called “Siheyuan”, which were arranged in _orderly way around the wells. 28. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：他们建造房屋和庭院，现在被称为“四合院”，它们围绕着水井有序地排列。短语in an orderly way表示“有序地”。故填an。29.( 安徽省芜湖市2023高三期末) Rapid d
22、evelopment has brought many new problems and challenges in protecting the Qi wall so far, according to Qi Yanan, _ official with the provincial justice department.29. an【解析】考查冠词。句意：省司法厅官员齐延安表示，到目前为止，快速发展给保护齐墙带来了许多新问题和挑战。此处是Qi Yanan的同位语，泛指“一位官员”，应用不定冠词，official是以元音音素开头的词，应用an。故填an。30.(湖北省武汉市2023高三期末)
23、 In 2006, Rishengchang museum was named _ “major national cultural relic” under protection by the State Council.30 a【解析】考查冠词。句意：2006年，日升昌博物馆被国务院命名为“国家重点文物”。句中的relic为可数名词的单数形式，由句意可知，“国家重点文物”为泛指，因此设空处需填入不定冠词。故填a。【小题狂练三】短文改错：下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。31. (2020全国I) Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs in
24、to pan together.32. (2019全国I) Suddenly football fell just in front of me and almost hit me.33. (2019全国II) Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.34. (2019全国III) Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.35. (201
25、8全国I)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.36. (2018全国II) As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me. 37. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took dr
26、iving lessons.38. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.39. If we stay at home, it is comfortable and there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. 40. Mrs. Taylor has a 8-year-old daughter who has a gift for painting-sh
27、e has won two national prizes.41. I know you dont like music very much. But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday?42. Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us useful knowledge of things in the past.43. For a long time they walked without saying a word. Jim was t
28、he first to break silence. 44. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off price. 45. When you finish reading the book, you will have the better understanding of life. 46. I woke up with bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. 47. As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are pai
29、d by an hour. 48. The Wilsons live in a A-shaped house near the coast. It is a 17th century cottage. 49. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as larger as before.50. There are a number of books in the library and a number of them is increasing.【答案与解析】31. pan前加the。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好
30、的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the。32. football前加a。句意：突然一个足球落在我面前，差点打中我。这里使用不定冠词表示泛指。33. five改为fifth。结合语境这里表示“在我五年级的时候”。34. an改为a。注意形容词unique的发音, 不是元音开头, 故前边用a。35. countryside前加the。the countryside表示“乡下，农村”。36. the改为a。as a child表示“当我小时候”。37. eighteen改为eighteenth。英汉有别，这里表示“在我第18个生日之后”，故用序数词。38. 去掉th
31、e。at first表示“最初”，是固定搭配。39. world前加the。world前常加the，再如in the world, all over the world。40. 第一个a改为an。eight是元音开头，故前边应用不定冠词an。41. 第二个music前加the。第一music表示音乐是不可数名词; 第二空the music表特指，指我们昨天看的那部电影里的音乐。42. useful前加a。knowledge是不可数名词，但是a knowledge of表示“方面的知识”。43. silence前加the。break the silence表示“搭配沉默”, the表示特指。44
32、. price前加the。这里定冠词the表示特指，指在原价基础上减去20便士。45. 第二个the改为a。have a good understanding of表示“对有很好的理解”。46. bad前加a。have a headache表示“头疼”。47. an改为 the。by +the +名词，表示“按单位计量”。句意：按照规矩，打零工的国内服务人员是按小时付酬。48. 第一个a改为an。元音字母A是元音开头的单词前应用不定冠词an。49. larger改为large。twice asas表示倍数，中间应用形容词、副词原级。50. 第二个a改为the。句意：图书馆有很多书，而且书的数量
33、在增长。a number of表示“若干，一些”，the number of则表示“的数量”。【小题狂练四】数词试题精选：在空白处填1个适当的单词。1.(山西省太原市2023高三期末) The station and the other two on the southwestem section of the Moscow Metro stand on the_43_ (three) transfer line of the citys subway system.2.( 山东省烟台市2023高三期末) Chopsticks, with distinctive Chinese feature
34、s, are praised by westerners as “Chinas 60 (five) great invention”.3.（2021新高考II卷）Ive always loved the ocean. In the _ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.4. Though the old man is in his _ (ninety), he is still very healthy.5. This unique art form develope
35、d in China in the late _(eighteen) century.6. My elder sisters hair is twice the _ (long) of mine. 7. I have read the tenth chapter but not the _ (twelve). 8. It was the third time one of his cars _ (go) up in flames. 9. Yuri Gagarin became the first man _ (fly) in space. 10. Two-fifths of the land
36、in that district _(be) covered with trees and grasses.1. third【解析】考查序数词。句意：该站和另外两个位于莫斯科地铁西南段，位于莫斯科地铁系统的第三条换乘线上。the后跟序数词，three的序数词是third，故填third。2. fifth【解析】考查序数词。句意：筷子具有鲜明的中国特色，被西方人誉为“中国的第五大发明”。根据句意以及空后的great invention可知，此处为序数词fifth“第五个”，表示先后顺序关系，满足句意要求。故填fifth。3. seventh 【解析】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的
37、蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。4. nineties【解析】考查数词用法。all the way是固定词组，表示“一路上，一直”。5. eighteenth【解析】考查数词用法。这里定冠词表示特指。6. length【解析】考查倍数表达法用法。句意：尽管你在中国，黄山也是必看地方。a must表示“必须的事”。7. twelfth【解析】考查数词用法。with the rise of表示“伴随着崛起”。8. had gone【解析】考查数词固定句型用法。It was the third time that.句型应用过去完成时。9. to fly【解析
38、】考查数词固定句型用法。序数词、形容词最高级作定语，后面常用不定式短语作定语。10. is【解析】考查数词主谓一致用法。分数作主语，谓语动词应与中心名词保持人称和数的一致。【小题狂练五】语法填空：在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。01山东省德州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期末检测Confucius Family Mansion (Kong Fu), known as the “mansion of poetry and etiquette”, is as well famous for its excellent cuisine. One of the dishes us
39、es the ginkgo (银杏) fruits in the mansion _36_ the ingredients. Two ginkgo trees in the mansion, though _37_ (plant) more than one thousand years ago, remain lush, tall and strong. The fruits are big in size and full, _38_ (emit) scents. The chefs just take the ginkgo fruits off the trees and remove
40、the peel _39_ the fruits are still fresh. Then, they put the nuts into the boiling water for a short while _40_ (remove) the off-smell. When the nuts are crispy and tender, they put them into a special juice made of sugar and honey, a dish thus being made, _41_ tastes soft and exceptionally sweet.Th
41、e dish was _42_ (initial) named as “Honey Ginkgo Nuts”, which people didnt think presentable and _43_ (accept). Since the ginkgo fruits were from the “mansion of poetry and etiquette”, this dish _44_ (rename) “Ginkgo Nuts of Poetry and Etiquette”, which carried profound meanings, not only rememberin
42、g the “Family Education of Poetry and Etiquette” from the ancestor, but also expressing the _45_ (expect) that the Kong family will become more prosperous.【答案】36. as 37. planted 38. emitting 39. while#when 40. to remove 41. which 42. initially 43. acceptable 44. was renamed 45. expectation【解析】【导语】本文
43、是说明文。文章介绍了菜肴“诗礼银杏果”的来历。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：其中一道菜用的是府邸里的银杏果作为食材。根据句意，表示用银杏果“作为”食材，应用介词as，其意为“作为，当”。故填as。【37题详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：府邸内的两棵银杏树，虽然是一千多年前种下的，但依然郁郁葱葱，高大挺拔。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和从句中的be动词。分析句子可知，“though2 (plant) more than
44、 one thousand years ago”是让步状语从句，完整的表达是“though Two ginkgo trees were planted more than one thousand years ago”，符合状语从句的省略条件，省略“Two ginkgo trees were”后，保留过去分词planted。故填planted。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：果实大而饱满，散发着香味。分析句子可知，“(emit) scents”作伴随状语，emit是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The fruits之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，表示主动和同时发生。故填emitting。【39题详
45、解】考查状语从句。句意：厨师们只是把银杏果实从树上摘下来，在果实还新鲜的时候去皮。根据句意可知，“the fruits are still fresh”是时间状语从句，用从属连词while或when引导该从句，表示“当的时候”。故填while或when。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们把坚果放入沸水中煮一会儿，以去除异味。根据句意可知，“(remove) the off-smell”是把坚果放入沸水中煮的目的，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to remove。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当坚果变得又脆又嫩的时候，他们就把它们放进一种由糖和蜂蜜制成的特殊果汁里，这样就做成了一道
46、菜，吃起来软软的，特别甜。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a dish，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看，也不能接受。提示词修饰谓语动词was named，应用副词initially，作状语，意为“最初”。故填initially。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：这道菜最初被命名为“蜂蜜银杏坚果”，人们认为这个名字不好看，也不能接受。提示词与形容词presentable是并列关系，作宾语补足语，应用形容词acceptable，意为“可接受的”。故填acceptable。【44题详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于银杏果实来自“诗礼府邸”，这道菜被改名为“诗礼银杏果”，寓意深刻，既缅怀祖先的“诗礼家训”，又表达了对孔氏家业兴旺的期待。分析句子可知，rename(重新命名，改名)是主句中谓语动词，与主语this dish之间是被动关系，根