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1、2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模英语试题学校:姓名:班级：考号：一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that
2、 best fits each blank.Intentional Travel for the CuriousFor those seeking a different adventure around every corner, the state of Florida doesnt disappoint. Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches 1 they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic (水生的)life.
3、 Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders 2naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the countrys most beautiful trails. No matter your passion, look no farther than the Sunshine State 3 (satisfy) your scientific and cultural curiosities.Do you want the perfect combinat
4、ion of excitement and relaxing breaks?4 (locate) on Floridas East Coast, Daytona Beach is full of things to do, places to see, and experiences of a lifetime. It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world 5 promises to make visitors return again and again.When it comes to Florida, people
5、often think of the beaches - and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach 6 (bless) with 23 miles of beautiful white-sand beaches. This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you 7 actually take a drive on the beach- an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should
6、 entertain. Take in the sights and 8 (breathe) in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach. Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy 9 (explore) Daytona Beachs offshore reef system.To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.lt is where
7、 hundreds of manatees (海牛)seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring. Want more exposure to aquatic animals? Ecotourism is one of thebest ways to see Floridas 10 (impressive) species. The family will love the Marine Science Center, which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observati
8、on tower. went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years. 47 Now, walking along the bluestone streets there,visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles （瓦片）and layered horse-head roofs, and feel like they are lost in a tr
9、aditional Chinese ink painting.Huizhou architecture, with its long tradition and great diversity, occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape, says Zhang Wangnan, director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan. Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places, sinc
10、e Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land, according to Zhang. Moreover, daylight is valued in Huizhou houses, reflected in the building of open interior courtyards, allowing sunshine to enter the rooms. “Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth. 48 It stands
11、for keeping windfall profits/5 says Zhang.Huizhou is famous for its stone, wood and brick carvings, which are widely used to decorate local houses. 49 In this way,they integrate their aesthetic （审美）values andemotions into the buildings,making them more beautiftul and educating their children through
12、 the meanings contained in the patterns/9 says Zhang.50 If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house, it seems simple, enclosed by walls, but the insides are open and broad, with complicated decorations. It is just like Huizhou people, who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you g
13、et to know them. says Zhang. He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the QingDynasty in many aspects, for example, having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.A. When it rains, water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.B. Many of their houses are well-preserved
14、 today, especially in Xidi and Hongcun.C , To talk about Huizhou culture, we must first understand Huizhou.D. People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls, windows and wooden posts of their houses.E. Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.F. Hu
15、izhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.六、概要写作51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How to Stay Healthy in AutumnIn recent days, the weather i
16、n most regions is no longer hot, and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However, there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening, and the air is also drier. All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose, sore throat, dry cough, dry hair loss and other symptoms. People are
17、 more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn. So, here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.Do eat watery food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body.Pay attention to wet lung
18、s in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water. In addition, you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, eating some watery food, like pear and duck meat.Do have easily digested food. Peoples spleen （牌）and stomach functions are
19、 weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. So in autumn, you should give your spleen and stomach a rest. For example,you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat, such as fish and red bean.Be sure to take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play a
20、n important role in the bodys immune system. The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion. It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, such as kiwi and oranges.Sleep is an important means for people
21、 to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity. In autumn, it is suggested that you go to bed at 9 pm, or try to fall asleep before 11 oclock. If you sleep at this time, it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.七、汉译英（整句）52 .不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。
22、（or）（汉译英）53 .这家网络公司在全国各地有许多研发中心。（establish）（汉译英）54 . ChatGPT是由人工智能研究实验室OpenAI在2022年11月3。日发布的全新聊天 机器人模型。（release）（汉译英）55 .春晓是唐代诗人孟浩然所作，语言平易浅近，抒发了诗人热爱春天、珍惜春光 的美好心情。（whose）（汉译英）八、开放性作文56 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你
23、是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了 一项关于“博物馆 免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：1）对调查结果的简单描述；2）对数据的原因分析；3）你的看法。1博物馆免费情况下会考虑67.86%2免费才去3.57%3持无所谓态度28.57%参考答案:1. where 2. while/when/as 3. to satisfy 4. Located 5. that 6. is blessed7. can/may 8. breathe 9. exploring 10. most impressive【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了佛罗里达州。对
24、于那些在各个角落寻求不同冒险的 人来说，佛罗里达州不会让他们失望。1 .考查定语从句。句意：阳光爱好者会被数百英里的白色沙滩所吸引，在那里他们可以享 受阳光，探索水生生物。此处限定性定语从句，先行词是white-sand beaches是先行词，关 系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。2 .考查时间状语从句。句意：当自然主义者在森林中寻找当地的野生动物或徒步旅行一些 国家最美丽的小径时，他们可能会迷失在生态奇观中。此处是时间状语从句，表示“当 的时候“，应用 while/when/as 引导。故填 while/when/aso3 .考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你的
25、热情是什么，只要想满足你对科学和文化的好奇心， 就去阳光之州看看吧。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t。satisfy。4 .考查非谓语动词。句意：位于佛罗里达州东海岸的代托纳海滩(Daytona Beach)充满了要 做的事情、要看的地方和一生的经历。固定搭配be located意为“坐落在，句子主语Daytona Beach和locate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填Located。5 .考查强调句型。句意：它是物理和自然世界的理想结合，承诺让游客一次又一次地回来。 强调句型It is/was +强调部分+that+其他成分，其中如果强调部分指人也可用who代替that；该
26、句强调句子的主语 the ideal combination of physical and natural world,指物，应用 thato 故 填 thato6 .考查动词时态。句意:Daytona Beach拥有长达23英里的美丽白色沙滩。固定搭配be blessed with意为“在方面有福”；该句在描述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语是单 数第三人称。故填is blessed。7 .考查情态动词。句意：这片广阔的土地是这个国家为数不多的可以在海滩上开车的地方 之一这是所有来代托纳海滩的人都应该享受的活动。设空处应用情态动词may/can,表 示“可以。故填can或may。8
27、 .考查祈使句。句意：当你悠闲地沿着海滩行驶时，欣赏风景，呼吸新鲜空气。该句是复 合句，主句是祈使句，是并列的祈使句，所以用动词原形。故填breathe。9 .考查非谓语动词。句意：或者把车停好，拿条毛巾晒晒太阳，也许还可以享受探索代托 纳海滩近海珊瑚礁系统的乐趣。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.“享受做某事”，其中动名词作宾语。 故填 exploring o10 .考查形容词最高级。句意：生态旅游是观赏佛罗里达州最令人印象深刻的物种的最佳方 式之一。此处指“E象最深刻的，应用形容词最高级。故填most impressive。11 . B 12. K 13. J 14. F 15. D
28、 16. C 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. H【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍系统中的一颗新系外行星。2014年，来自美国宇航 局开普勒太空望远镜的数据让天文学家宣布发现了三颗围绕开普勒-138运行的行星。这是 基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下降，这是一种凌日现象。12 .考查形容词作定语。句意：这是基于这颗行星暂时从恒星前面经过时星光的可测量的下 降，这是一种凌日现象。空后dip是名词，由形容词修饰，measurable是形容词，意为“显著 的，可测量的“，符合句意。故选B。13 .考查名词。句意:来自新墨西哥大学的Benneke和他的同事Diana Drag
29、omir提出了在 2014年至2016年期间用哈勃和斯皮策太空望远镜重新观测行星系统的想法，以捕捉更多开 普勒-138d（该系统中的第三颗行星）的凌日现象，以研究其大气。此处指“行星的系统”，名词 system“系统”符合题意。故选K。14 .考查情感形容词。句意：虽然美国宇航局开普勒太空望远镜早期的观测只显示了开普勒 -138周围三颗小行星的凌日现象，但Piaulet和她的团队惊讶地发现，哈勃和斯皮策的观测 表明，该系统中存在第四颗行星开普勒-138e。此处指团队“感到惊讶”，所以情感形容词 surprised”感到惊讶的”符合题意。故选J。15 .考查形容词作定语。句意：这颗行星位于它的恒
30、星的宜居带，这是一个温带地区，在这 里，行星从它的冷恒星那里接收到适量的热量，既不太热也不太冷，不允许液态水的存在。 空后zone是名词，由形容词修饰，habitable是形容词，意为“可居住的”，符合题意，在句 中作定语。故选F。16 .考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意：观测这颗系外行星的凌日可以让天文学家确定它 的大小。固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.其中动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处指“确定”大小， 动词determine意为“决定”，符合题意。故选D。17 .考查副词。句意：对于开普勒-138e,之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再次 测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒
31、星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他附 近行星的引力引起的。空后known是过去分词，由副词修饰，此处指“以前”已知的，所以 副词previously“从前”符合句意。故选C。18 .考查动名词。句意：对于开普勒-138e,之前已知的行星的质量通过凌日时间变化法再 次测量，该方法包括跟踪行星在其恒星前面凌日的精确时刻的微小变化，这些变化是由其他 附近行星的引力引起的。介词of后面用动名词作宾语，此处指“跟踪”行星，所以，tracking“跟 踪”符合题意。故选E。19 .考查副词。句意：他们发现两个水世界开普勒-138c和d是双行星，它们的大小和质量 几乎相同，而之前人们认为它们有
32、很大的不同。此处是副词修饰名词词组，副词virtually“几 乎”符合题意。故选G。20 .考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一方面，最近的行星开普勒-138b被证实是一颗 火星质量的小行星，是迄今为止已知的最小的系外行星之一。该句是一般现在时的被动语态, 此处指“被核实，所以confirmed“核实”符合题意。故选A。21 .考查形容词作表语。句意：随着我们的仪器和技术变得足够灵敏，可以发现和研究离恒 星更远的行星，我们可能会开始发现更多像开普勒-138c和138d这样的水世界。此处指变 得“灵敏”，所以形容词sensitive“灵敏的”符合题意。故选H。22 . C22. B23. D2
33、4. A25. B26. A27. C 28. D 29. B30. C31. C32. A33. B34. C35. A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是基于挑战的学习方法的优点和对此进行的相关研究。21 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么。A. allow允许； B. introduce 介绍；C. accept 接受；D. expect 期待。根据下文“often dont know what the solution will be”可知，句子表示“接受挑战的学生往往不知道解决方案是什么“，空格处意为“接受”。 故选C。22 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：立
34、陶宛考纳斯理工大学的研究员Vilma Sukacke说:“引导者 阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决方案上，并鼓励他们从多个角度、从不同的科学角度分 析挑战。A. carrying on 继续；B. focusing on 集中于；C. applying for 申请；D. inquiring about 询 问 o 根据下文“encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view, and fromdifferent scientific perspectives”可知，句子表示“引导者阻止他们过早地把注意力集中在解决
35、方案上”。故选B。23 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种学习方法非常适合可持续发展教育，根据许多学者的说 法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、参与式 的和赋权的学习环境。A. cares about关心；B. tells of讲述；C.turns to求助于；D. calls for 要求。根据下文“a contextual, problem-oriented, reflective, interdisciplinary （跨学科）, collaborative, participatory and empowered learning environmen
36、t”可知, 句子表示“根据许多学 者的说法，可持续发展教育需要一个情境化的、问题导向的、反思的、跨学科的、协作的、 参与式的和赋权的学习环境:故选D。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中心的教育转 变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师。A. shift转变；B. differ不同；C. suffer遭受；D. learn 学习 o 根据下文“什om more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred educatio
37、n”可知,句子表示“教育工作者必须从传统的以教师为中 心的教育转变为以学生为中心的教育的教学设计师”。故选Ao25 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、 葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据 ADDIE （分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. outcome 结果；B. efficiency 效率；C. impact 影响；D. value 价值。根据下文“a group of researchers from Lithuanian, Danish, German, Por
38、tuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,6 the three active learning methods, i.e. project, problem andchallenge-based learning according to the ADDIE （analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation） frame work”可知，句子表示“为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、 丹麦、德国、葡萄牙和西
39、班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述”。故选B。26 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了评估这些方法的有效性，一组来自立陶宛、丹麦、德国、 葡萄牙和西班牙大学的研究人员进行了系统的文献综述，探索了三种主动学习方法，即根据 ADDIE（分析、设计、开发、实现和评估）框架进行基于项目、问题和挑战的学习。A. exploring 探索;B. applying 应用；C. modifying 修改;D. explaining 解释。根据下文“the three active learning methods”可知，此处表示“探索了三种主动学习方法: 故选A。27 .考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者
40、都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能答案第4页，共13页（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都 具有挑战性。A. Whether 是否；B. As long as 只要；C. Although 虽然；D. Because 因为。根 据下文“the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging fbr both sides”可知, 句子表示“虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以
41、及最近的基于挑战的 学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和 解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都具有挑战性”，空格处 意为“虽然”,是although,引导让步状语从句。故选C。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然教育工作者都认为基于问题的学习、基于项目的学习以 及最近的基于挑战的学习在教授学生将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能（如团队合作、沟通和解决冲突）方面是有效的，但这些方法在课堂上的应用可能对双方都 具有挑战性。A. develop 发展；B. include 包括；C. associate 联系；D. in
42、tegrate （使）合并。 根据下文technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal （横向）skills”可知,句 子表示“将技术整合到现实生活情境中并提高他们的横向技能”。故选Do29 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的实践中，我注意到有时学生会质疑创新的学习方法， 并将其视为一种游戏。A. approving 批准；B. questioning 质疑；C. preventing 阻止；D. adopting 采用。根据下文“considering them as a sort of a game”可知，句
43、子表示“有时学生会质疑创新的 学习方法故选B。30 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于这些课程通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满 了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事。A. affectionately亲切地；B. calmly 平静地;C. seriously 认真地；D. coolly 冷静地。根据上文“these classes often take place in a play full environment, full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks”可知，句子 表示“由于这些课程
44、通常是在一个充满游戏的环境中进行的，充满了不同的铅笔，彩色的笔 记和积木，学生很难把它们当回事，take sth. seriously意为“认真对待某事”。故选C。31 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，将方法和目标清楚地传达给学习者是非常重要的。A. transfer 转移；B. change 改变；C. communicate 传达，传递；D. express 表达。根据下文“the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly”可知，此处表示“将方法和目标清楚地传达给 学习者故选C。32 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回
45、报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活 动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时。A. pays off得到回报；B.goes away走开；C. gives off 发出；D. breaks down 出故障。根据上文“According to her, to successfully apply unconventional 答案第5页，共13页teaching methods is a challenge fbr a beginning teacher. However”和 however 表转折可矢口，止匕处 表示“然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外活动，专注于解决真正的社 会问题时“
46、。故选A。33 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种努力是有回报的，尤其是当学生们继续在校外 活动，专注于解决真正的社会问题时o A. subjective主观的;B. real真正的;C. imaginary虚 构的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据下文“social problems”可知，此处表示“解决真正的社会问题: 故选B。34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:研究者认为，CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，组 织、员工和学生改变对教育和学习的看法。A. combination结合；B. organization组织；C. realization 实现；D. cooperatio
47、n 合作。根据下文“of CBL, PJBL, and PBL requires a paradigm （范 式）shift, where organization, staff and students change their view to education and learning”可知, CBL、PJBL和PBL的实现需要范式转变，故选C。35 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个过程中，老师和学生都需要应用新的技能，承担他们 以前可能不需要的角色。A. take on承担；B. put away放好；C. send for派人去叫；D. deal with 处理。根据下文“roles
48、 that they might not have needed before”可知，此处表示“承担他们以前 可能不需要的角色故选A。36 . B 37. C 38. D 39. B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍马德里普拉多博物馆（Prado Museum）收藏的一幅蒙娜 丽莎这样的复制品。37 .细节理解题。根据第一段中“The sitters mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.（画中人神秘的
49、微笑和她未 经证实的身份使这幅画成为人们不断研究和迷恋的源泉。）”可知，从第1段我们可以了解到 关于蒙娜丽莎她的微笑和身份引起人们的好奇。故选Bo38 .词义猜测题。根据第二段中“One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.（马德里普拉多博物馆（Prado Museum）收藏的一幅这 样的复制品被认为是在原作之后多年绘制的。）和the Prado version，became the only known copy completed during Leonardos lifetime, （the Prado version