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1、2023届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, us one word that
2、 best fits each blank.Emily Dobek is a seventh-graded at East Prairie Elementary School. Recently she1 (win) a national prize by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.Dobek races her interest in space and the universe back 2 Grade Three when she and her father watched a blood moon - a tot
3、al lunar eclipse (月 食)一 on the roof of their house. She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion 3 has yet to run out of fuel.So 4 her teacher, Andrew Smeeton, received information about the national challenge, she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would love the
4、 challenge and that she would go way beyond in her research J Smeeton said. When she started, bone density(骨密度)of astronauts 5 (research) immediately to figure out how to survive on Mars.”According to Dobek design, the Mars Storage Station (MSS) will be built6 (accommodate) the need for sufficient s
5、upplies. She explains how her spacecraft 一 the Adventure will be joined to a space station before flying to the MSS to load supplies. Her design includes the Self Growing Farm, and she details 7 it would work with elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under
6、Dobeks design. A simulator(模拟器)allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms with circular ceilings allow astronauts to watch 8 (download) shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.Chief among her immediate goals, she said, is to inspire 9 wi
7、th this project. want to tell other kids to follow their passions J Dobek said, 10 they want to do, they should kind of just push for it. They should always try their best.”44. Which of the following statements would Michalek most probably agree with ?A. Companies setting up charging stations are he
8、sitant to go electric.B , Those who already have a home charge dont have to find a public plug.C. Top priority needs to be given to adding more charging stations across the country.D. There is enough time to establish a charging network, because not many EVs are used.45 . What can be inferred about
9、the renters ?A. Some renters dont have the intention to go electric.B , Some renters might not be authorized to install a home charge.C. As more renters are unwilling to use public plugs, the charging dead bones are growing.D. Some renters might not have enough confidence in the public plugs for the
10、 safety reasons. 46. Who does Michalek expect to work together to establish the charging network nationwide?A. The government and some companies.B , The local government and every household.C. The charging facility providers and every family.D. The federal government and the local rural government.五
11、、六选四As a botanists who studies our cultural relationship with plants, I am forever fascinated with what draws people to gardening.Admittedly, connecting with the natural world might seem like an obvious motivation, and undoubtedly it is a key part of the attraction. 47 If they were, wed abandon any
12、attempts at design, planting or care and watch how walls of weeds slowly gave way to the mass of bushes. But that wouldnt be gardening, of course, because fbr all their diversity, the one thing that all gardens have in common is how unnatural they are. 48 Dazzling plants, watch features and glorious
13、 blooms is all interconnected well beyond what would naturally occur. Whether it is green lawns created in the driest deserts or a tropical paradise on a stormy North Atlantic island, they are all about shaping the natural world to fit our idea of what it should be.As I work on my tiny terrariums（玻璃
14、花园）on dark February nights, something magical happens to my brain. 49 In a world that has become increasingly uncertain, 试卷第10页，共13页people are often fuelled by the same psychological desire: the instinctive need to have a bit of control amid chaos.As our world becomes more and more unpredictable and
15、 often frightening, gardening seems to be able to appeal to and reach out to a whole new generation, often against all odds.Of course, gardening int the only thing people turn to. The rise of culture conflicts and fix at ion on body image have also been widely documented as being driven by a psychol
16、ogical need to feel a degree of certainty, control and safety. However, I cant help but think of these alternatives: 50A. In reality gardens are anything but natural.B What are the things they have been attracted to?C. They are idealized landscape with all the mud, pests and dead plants edited out.D
17、. How much better a place the planet would be if gardening was our outlet for this need!E. Much like agriculture, gardening is a universal human desire coded into our cultural DNA. F. The calmness created by owning a tiny green space under my control has a powerful effect on my mind.六、概要写作51 . Direc
18、tions: road the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A plan to restore green spacesThe UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore Englands wild life. It focuses on at-risk specie
19、s by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces.The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves
20、. New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers. At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK. Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park. The Environmental Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk t
21、o a green space.As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase Englands biodiversity. A species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of Englands most endangered animals, such as red squirrels（松鼠）and watch rats. The Government has set targets to boost these speci
22、es by 2030. There are also targets to reduce food waste, glass, metal, paper and plastic by 2028, and to improve the quality of water in rivers.New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts forward. These goals are part of a 25- year plan th
23、at was launched in 2018. The aim of the plan is to improve the environment within a generation which is roughly 25 years.Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. Pail de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasnt clear enough how the goals would be
24、met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered.七、汉译英（整句）52 .有了无人机，救援人员就可以安全地评估灾区的受灾状况。（enable）（汉译英）53 .他刚出差回来，就马不停蹄地赶到施工现场了解工程进度。（the moment）（汉译英）54 .这家酒店不但避免使用一次性塑料产品，而且还采用节能照明系统，开创了当地生态旅游的先河。（adopt）（汉译英）55 .这位来自奥地利艺术学院的油画家近期会在上海举办个人作品展，将呈现给参观者一场视
25、觉盛宴。（which）（汉译英）八、其他应用文56 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假期即将来临，你的朋友李华计划完成一篇调查报告，他对去公共图书馆还是去自 习室（self-study room）写报告犹豫不决，现征求你的建议。请参考以下信息，写一封邮件， 内容需包括：1 .你的建议；2 .你建议的理由。公共图书馆自习室收费标准免费20元/5小时开放时间9： OOa.m-5： OOp.m24小时交通时长
26、45分种10分钟设施环境免费使用馆内资源免费茶点参考答案:1. has won 2. to 3.that#which 4.when 5. was researched 6. toaccommodate 7. how8 . downloaded9. others 10.whatever11. H 12. F 13. E 14. J 15. A 16. D 17. B18. C 19. K 20. I21. A 22. B23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B36. B37. D38.
27、A 39. D40. C 41. B42. A43. A 44. C 45. B46. A47. A 48. C49. F 50. D51. British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via watch purification and extension of greens. Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to
28、boost biodiversity with the support of a fund. Despite the long-term plans pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. (56)52. Drones enable rescue workers to assess the damage in the disaster area safely.53. The moment he came back from a business trip, he rus
29、hed to the construction site without stopping to learn about the progress of the project.54. The hotel not only avoids using single-use/disposable plastics but also adopts an energy -efficient lighting system, pioneering the local ecotourism/hecoming a pioneer in the localecotourism.55. The oil pain
30、ter from the Austrian Academy of Arts will hold an exhibition of his works in Shanghai soon, which will give visitors a visual feast.56. Dear Li Hua,Knowing that you are in two minds about whether to go to the public library or the self-study room to write your report, I suggest that you go to the p
31、ublic library for the following reasons:First of all, the public library is free of charge, while going to the self-study room will cost you 20 yuan every 5 hours. Second, although the self-study room is open 24 hours a day, it is enough to write your report from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Third, it may take
32、you more time to go to the public library than to the self-study room, but you can use the time on the bus to formulate your report. Last but not least, public libraries have a wealth of resources and these resources may be helpful to you in writing your report and they are free; however, you can on
33、ly enjoy free refreshments in the self-study room.Hope that my suggestions will be of use to you.Yours,二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. absenceB doubleC extende
34、dD. functionsE. fundF. outpacedG. prospectsH.recordI. shiftedJ. steadyK. upwardJapan births fall to record low as population crisis deepensJapan saw 799,728 births in 2022, the lowest number on record. That number has nearly halved in the past 40 years; by contrast, Japan recorded more than 1.5 mill
35、ion births in 1982. Japan also reported a (n)11 high for post-war deaths last year, at more than 1.58 million. Deathshave 12 births in Japan for more than a decade, posing a growing problem for leaders of the worlds third-largest economy. They now face a ballooning elderly population, along with a s
36、hrinking workforce to 13 pensions and health care as demand from the aging population increased.Japan population has been in 14 decline since its economic boom of the 1980s and stood at 125.5 million in 2021. Its death rate of 1.3 is far below the rate of 2.1 required to maintain a stable population
37、, in the15of immigration.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world ; in 2020, nearly one in 1,500 people in Japan were aged 100 or older. These concerning trends resulted in a warning from Prime minister that Japan is “on the edge of not being able to maintain social 16
38、and Japan simply cannot wait any longer“ in solving the problem of its lowbirth rate. A new government agency will be set up to focus on the issue, with Prime Minister saying that he wants the government to 17 its spending on child-related programs.But money alone might not be able to solve the comp
39、lex problem, with various social factors contributing to the low birth rate. Japans high cost of living, limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children, meaning fewer couples are having kids. Urban couples are also often far from 18 fami 1 y in other regio
40、ns, who could help provide support. In 2022, Japan was ranked one of the worlds most expensive places to raise a child. And yet, the countrys economy has slowed down since the early 1990s, meaning frustratingly low ages and little 19 mobility.The average real annual household income declined from $5
41、0,600 in 1995 to $43, 300 in 2020. Attitude toward marriage and starting families have also 20 in recent years,with more couples putting off both during the pandemic.三、完形填空A recent series of studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. They focused on three different sports: World Cup so
42、ccer, professional basketball, and professional baseball. The results are mixed. For soccer and basketball, the studies revealed that adding talented players to a team is indeed a (n)21 strategy, but only up to a point. Performance22 when about 70% of the players were considered top talent. Above th
43、at level, the teams performance began to decline. Interestingly, this trend was not evident in baseball, where additional 23 talent continued to enhance the teams performance. (Figure 1 and 2)1 Team performance ” a function of top tient on the team： World Cup SoccerFgse Z Team performance m . functi
44、cc of top taient on the tMm: Major leagueIn looking for an explanation for the different results for different sports, the researchers 24 one important factor - the extent to which a good performance by a team required its members to coordinate(协调)their actions. This task 25 distinguishes baseball f
45、rom basketball and soccer.In baseball, the performance of individual players is 26 teammates than in soccer and basketball. The researchers concluded that when, during the course of play, task interdependence is high, team performance will27when there is too much talent inthe group. When task interd
46、ependence is lower,28individual talent will have apositive effect on team performance.One explanation for this phenomenon is not so far from the pecking order(等级排序) situation among chickens. If a basketball star is pursuing his own personal goals. 29 trying to gather a high personal point total, he
47、may be less 30 than team player. He may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a team mate, thus makingthe teams overall performance suffer. There is no 31 in TEAM J young children learning to play team sports are often told. Apparently stars 32 follow this basic principle o
48、f sportsman ship.Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may begin to 33 This is referred to as the Ringelmann effect. Ringelmann conducted an experiment in which he asked two, three, four, and up to 28 people to participate in a game of tug-of-war. He measured how much force each person used to pull the rope. He found that whenever he added a person to the team, everyone else pulled with less force.34 the ideal team for sports, business, science, or entertainment is morecomplicated than simply