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1、牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 4语法知识点总结Comic Strip知识点01 wake up 教材P42【用法详解】wake v.醒来 wake up醒来 wake sb up把某人叫醒，当宾语sb是人称代词宾 格时，必须放在两词中间。Do you usually wake up at night? 你经常半夜醒来吗？What time do you usually wake up? 你通常几点起床？Dont wake me up until 8 oclock in the morning.别叫醒我直到早上 8 点钟。【典例讲解】一 up, Tom! Youll be late for
2、school!OK, Dad.A.WakesB.WakingC.WakeD.To wake【答案】c【解析】句意：醒醒，汤姆！你上学要迟到了！ 好的，爸爸。考查祈使句。wake up 叫醒；根据Tom! Youll be late for school”可知此处表示“劝告和警告。用祈使句，此 时省略主语you,动词用原形。故选C。【拓展】awake adj.醒着的，强调醒着的状态。The baby is awake.婴儿是醒着的。知识点 02 Ifs time for .教材 P42【用法详解】Its time for sth = Its time to do sth 该是做某事的时候了Its
3、 time for lunch. = Its time to have lunch.该是吃午饭的时候了。Ifs time for sb to do sth该是某人做某事的时候了。Its time for the children to go to bed.该是孩子们上床睡觉的时候了。【典例讲解】1 .Its timean English lesson.A.haveB.to haveC.havingD.had【答案】B【解析】句意：该上英语课了。考查非谓语动词。固定句式：ifs timet。do sth ”到了做某事【用法详解】at表示时间的某一点1) at表示一天中的某时刻，不用冠词。at s
4、ix oclock在六点钟at lunch在午饭时间 at noon 在正午I arrived at school at seven.我七点钟到的学校。2) at表示一瞬间或短暂的时间。at that moment 在那一瞬间at that time 那时Your memory is always poor at this time.你的记忆力到这时候总是不好。3) at表示节日或年龄at Christmas在圣诞节，指整个节日at the age of ten 在十岁时How could you be so forgetful at the age of ten?你才十岁怎么就这么健忘？on
5、表示具体到某一天on表示某日或和某日连用的某一时间段on Monday在星期一on Friday afternoon在星期五下午on the morning of August the eighth 在八月八日早晨on Christmas Day 在圣诞节,指在当天You were late on Monday last week.你上星期一就晚了。You mean I was late on May the fifteenth?你是说我五月十五日迟到 了 ？in用于表示除日以外的某一时间段。in表示年、月、季节、世纪、时代，与定冠词连用表示一天中某个时间段。in 1996 在1996年in
6、May在五月 in spring在春季in the 20th century 在二十世纪in the eighties 在八十年代in modern times 在现代in the evening 在晚上Sorry, I am late for the first time in May. 对不起，我五月第一次迟到了。I got up at six in the morning.我早上六点钟起床。【典例讲解】1 .More and more young people celebrate Christmas Day December 25th.A.atB.onC.inD.of【答案】B【解析】句
7、意：在12月25日那天，越来越多的年轻人庆祝圣诞节。考查介词辨析。at指具 体时刻；on指具体的某一天；in指年、月、季节等;of.的。根据December 25th”可知, 此处为12月25日，具体的某一天，所以用介词。n。故选B。2 .一When do you have geography?10:00 Tuesday.A. At; inB.On; atC.At; onD.In; at【答案】c【解析】句意：你什么时候有地理课？ 星期二的十点。考查介词辨析。at+时亥U； in十月份、年份等；on+具体某一天。“10:00”为时刻，所以第一空应填at； “Tuesday”为具体 的一天，所以
8、第二空应填。n。故选C。3 .The world-famous writer William Shakespeare was born 1564.A.inB.forC.atD.on【答案】A【解析】句意：世界著名的作家威廉莎士比亚出生于1564年。考查介词。in用于表示世纪、 年、月、季节，在上午，在下午等。For为了。at指具体的点钟。on表示确定的时间，具体 某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等。根据“1564”可知表达的是具体的年份，用 介词“in。故选Ao知识点02 频率副词 教材P48【用法详解】频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词或助动词之后。always意为“总是
9、，“一直”，它所表示的频度最高，相当于all the timeoTom is always late for school.汤姆上学总迟到。usuaHy意为“通常。在一般情况下做某事很少有例外的意思，倾向于一种习惯。We usually go shopping on Sundays.我们周日通常去购物。often意为“经常”，它表示的频度不及usually,用来表示动作重复，中间有间断。We often have supper at home.我们经常在家吃晚饭。sometimes意为“有时。它所表示的频度在以上这几个词中最低，它可以放在句子中间，也 可以放在句首或句末。She sometim
10、es walks along the river.她有时候沿着河边散步。Sometimes I dont like to work, because I feel too tired.有时候我不想去工作，因为我感到太累 了。seldom表示“很少，不常”，表示否定的含义，发生的频率最低。Lily doesnt like ice cream, so she seldom eats it. Lily 不喜欢吃冰激凌，所以很少吃它。never的频度为0,意为“从来不”、“永不”。表示否定含义，表示从未发生的动作或情况。My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从
11、来不迟到。【典例讲解】一How often do you go to work by subway?-. I always take a bus, because there is no subway in the city.A.SometimesB. OftenC.NeverD.Usually【答案】c【解析】句意： 你多久一次乘地铁上班？ 从没有过。我通常坐公交车，因为这座城 市没有地铁。考查频度副词。sometimes有时；often经常；never从不；usually通常。根据“there is no subway in the city”可知这座城市没有地铁，因此“从不”坐地铁上班。
12、故选C项。【拓展】频度副词一般用how often来提问。How often do you go to visit your grandparents? 你多久去拜访一次你的祖父母。知识点03 would like教材P47【用法详解】would like sth= want sth 想要某物I would like some water.我想要点水。would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事I would like to drink some water.我想要喝点水。would like sb to do sth = want sb to do
13、sth 想要某人做某事I would like the baby to drink some water.我想要婴儿喝点水。【典例讲解】Would you like(have) a cup of tea?【答案】to have【解析】句意：你想喝杯茶吗？ have吃/喝；would like to do sth.想要做某事，固定结构，故 填 to have。Integrated Skills - Task知识点01 hope 教材P50【用法详解】hope v.希望 hope to do sth希望做某事They hope to arrive home before 7:00pm.他们希望下午
14、7点钟之前到家。Do you think it will rain?iI hope not J “你觉得会下雨吗？ ”“但愿不会。”Will you be back before dark? I hope so , yes.你天黑之前能回来吗？”“但愿吧。”hope n.希望 in the hope of 抱着的希望I called early in the hope of catching her before she went to work.我很早就打了个电话，希望在她上班之前找到她。He asked her again in the hope that she could come.他
15、又问了她一次，指望着她能来。【典例讲解】I hopethe volleyball match. I our team good luck.A.us to win; wishB.we will win; wishC.we to win; hopeD.we will win; hope【答案】B【解析】句意：我希望我们能赢得这场排球比赛。祝我们队好运。考查hope和wish的用法。 第一空,hope可用于hope to do sth.结构，但不能用于hope sb. to do sth.结构,排除AC选项， hope可接省略that的宾语从句，选项BD的“we will win”是hope后接宾语
16、从句的用法，符 合语法及语境；第二空，“our team good luck”为双宾语，wish能接双宾语表示祝愿，而hope 不能接双宾语。故选B。【拓展】hope不可以用于hope sb to do sth的结构,hope之后有sb/sth的时候，其后要接一个句子。 I hope he will make his dream come true.I hope it will be sunny tomorrow.知识点02 wish 教材P50【用法详解】wish作为动词用法1 .希望（做某事）；想要（某事发生）wish to do sth希望做某事wish sb to do sth希望某人
17、做某事You may stay until morning, if you wish.如果你愿意，你可以一直待到早晨。I wish to speak to the manager.我想跟经理说话。I dont wish to be rude, but could you be quiet?我不想无礼,但请您安静一点儿好吗？2,盼望；企求；想要She shut her eyes and wished for him to get better.她闭上眼睛盼祷他好起来。If you wish really hard, maybe youll get what you want.心诚贝U 灵。Its
18、 no use wishing for the impossible.企求不可能的事情是徒劳无益的。3.祝；祝愿 wish sb sth祝福某人某事I wished her a happy birthday我祝她生日快乐。wish作为名词用法L愿望；希望He had no wish to start a fight.他无意挑衅。His dearest wish is to see his grandchildren again.他最大的愿望是能再次见到自己的孙子孙女。2 .想要的东西；希望的事carry out sbs wishes实现某人的愿望Im sure that you will ge
19、t your wish.我相信你会心想事成。3 .愿；心愿Throw some money in the fountain and make a wish .往喷泉里扔些钱，许个愿。The princes wish came true .王子的愿望实现了。4 .（书信或贺卡等中的）祝愿，祝福We all send our best wishes for the future.我们都对未来致以最好的祝愿。Give my good wishes to the family.请替我向全家致意。【典例讲解】一I believe youll try your best and I you success
20、.Thank you.A.wishB.wishesC.to wishD.w川 wish【答案】A【解析】句意： 我相信你会尽力的，祝你成功。谢谢你。考查wish Sb.sth.祝愿某人某事，此处是表示祝愿的话语，wish不用于将来时，and连接两个 并列的句子，believe与wish并列，I是第一人称，用 动词原形，wish you success祝你成 功:故选A。知识点03 luck 教材P50【用法详解】luck n. 好运；幸运；侥幸With any luck , well be home before dark.如果一切顺利的话，我们可在天黑前回到家。With a bit of l
21、uck , well finish on time.如果我们运气好，就能够准时完成。lucky adj.幸运的 unlucky adj.不幸的You are lucky to meet such a good teacher.你遇到这么一位好老师，真的很幸运。She was unlucky to meet a dishonest man.她不幸的遇到了一个不诚实的男人。luckily adv.幸运地 unluckily adv 不幸地Luckily, he catches the last bus.幸运地，他赶上了最后一班公交车。Unluckily, he didnt pass the tes
22、t.不幸地,他没有通过测验。【典例讲解】1 .一Im getting ready for the coming exam.A.Good luckB.Not at allC.Have a good time D.Bad luck【答案】A【解析】句意：我正在为即将到来的考试做准备。祝你好运！考查情景交际。Good luck祝你好运；Not at all根本不；Have a good time玩得开心；Bad luck真倒霉。根据Im getting ready for the coming exam.”可知，此处表示祝愿，故选A。2 .At first, he was(luck) and had
23、 many problems.【答案】unlucky【解析】句意：起初，他很不幸运，有很多问题。was之后加形容词作表语，根据“hadmany problems,可知这里表示“他不幸运luck是名词，意为“幸运的，unlucky是形容词，意 为“不幸运的工 故填unlucky。知识点04 how often 教材P50【用法详解】1) how often 多久，表示对频率的提问一How often do you go to visit your grandparents?Once a month.2) How many times多少次，表示对次数进行提问How many times do y
24、ou go shopping a week?Four or five times3) How long 多长时间，表示对一段时间的提问一How long is the meeting ?一About an hour.4) How soon多久，表示对将来一段时间的提问一How soon will the meeting finish?一 In an hour.5) How far多远，表示对距离进行提问一How far is it from your house to the school?一About 10 minutes9 walk.【典例讲解】你们隔多久参加一次课外活动？youafter
25、-school activities?【答案】Howoften do take part in【解析】根据语境可知，这是询问频率的特殊疑问句，要用how often来提问，时态要用一 般现在时；动词短语take part in意为：“参加；句首首字母大写。故填How； often；do； take； part； ino知识点 05 go on picnics 教材 P50【用法详解】go on picnics = go on a picnic 去野餐【典例讲解】我喜欢和家人一起去野餐。I likepicnics with my family.【答案】going on【解析】go on picn
26、ics去野餐，like doing sth喜欢做某事，所以答案为：going on。知识点06 be good for 教材P52【用法详解】be good for = do good to 对有好处Exercise will be good for/do good to your health.锻炼将对你的健康有益。be good at擅长于He is good at English.他擅长于英语。She is good at swimming.她擅长于游泳。【典例讲解】新鲜的空气对我们的健康有好处。Fresh airour health.【答案】does good to/is good f
27、or【解析】对.有益be good for/do good to, fresh air”是不可数名词,所以填is good for/does good too知识点 07 get ready for 教材 P52【用法详解】get ready for 为做好准备The students get ready for the exam.学生们为考试做好准备。be ready to do sth = be willing to do sth准备好做某事;乐意做某事He is ready to give his seat to the old lady.他很乐意把位子让给那个老妇人。【典例讲解】Lef
28、s make dinner for our parents.一Sounds! Lefs that.A.greatly; get ready toB.great; prepare toC.great; get ready forD.greatly; get ready for【答案】c【解析】句意：让我们给父母准备晚餐吧？ 听起来不错，让我们做好准备吧。考查 系动词用法及get ready for搭配。sound是系动词,后接形容词，故排除A和D项;B项prepare to搭配错误，应是prepare for。故选Co知识点08 learn about 教材P52【用法详解】learn abou
29、t 了解，获悉，认识到，learn之后可跟a lot, more等表示程度的修饰语。I want to learn more about DIY. 我想 了 解更多 DIY。【典例讲解】the Palace Museum like?Its a good place Chinas history.A.Whats; to learn aboutB.How does; learning aboutC.Hows; to learn aboutD.What does; to learn about【答案】A【解析】句意：故宫怎么样？ 它是一个学习中国历史的好地方。考查特殊疑问句及 非谓语动词。Whats
30、like?怎么样？是固定句式；第二空表示“学习中国历史的好地方”, 用动词不定式作后置定语。故选A。【拓展】与learn相关的短语learn to do sth学会做某事learn from sb 向某人学习 learn by oneself自学知识点9 too much 教材P52【用法详解】too much too many 与 much too 区另1J词条含义及用法例句too muchtoo much +不口数名词：表不太多The little boy eats too much bread.too manytoo many +可数名伺1复数：表环太多Don/t eat too man
31、y sweets.much toomuch too +形容词/副词：表示太Its much too cold today.【典例讲解】Dont spendtime on the phone. Reading can help learn about the world.A.much too； a lot of B.too much； a lot C.too many； a lot of D.too many； a lot【答案】B【解析】句意：不要在电话上花太多时间。阅读可以帮助我们了解世界。考查固定搭配。too much太多，后接不可数名词；too many太多，后接可数名词复数；much
32、too太,后接形容词或副词。a lot非常多，修饰动词；a lot of许多的，修饰名词。第一空后为不可数名 词，故应填too much。第二空前面为动词learn,故应填a lot。故选B。的时间”，故选B。2.It is 7: 30 am now! I think ifs time for you school.A.forB.to goC.goD.to go to【答案】D【解析】句意：现在是7：30o我认为是你上学的时候了。考查固定句式Its time for sb. to do sth。根据固定句式“It，s time for sb. to do sth到时间该做某事了”可知此处动作应
33、用不定式表示 “上学”英文表达是“go to school）故选D。知识点03 Shall we .教材P42【用法详解】shall用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见或请求指示，或表示一种建议。Shall we do sth=Lefs do sth=Why not do sth / Why dont you do sth=What / How about doing sthShall we go to visit the museum?=Lets go to visit the museum.=Why not / Why dont you go to visit the museum?=What
34、 / How about going to visit the museum?【典例讲解】Dad, Jacks father going to buy some bread.we buy some, too?一OK, dear!A.will; WillB.will; ShallC.is; ShallD.are; Shall【答案】c【解析】句意：爸爸，Jack的爸爸打算买一些面包。我们也买一些吗？好的，亲爱 的！考查一般将来时的结构。一般将来时的结构是：6。80睡9 010或*11灿加（10,第一空 后有going,且主语是第三人称单数形式，故第一空填is。第二个主语we是第一人称，用 助动词
35、shallo故选Co知识点04 go out 教材P42go out 外出；出去；熄灭； Lets go out on Saturday night. Lets go out for some fresh air.The bedroom light went out after The fire seemed to be going out.【用法详解】 过时我们星期六晚上出去吧。咱们出去呼吸点新鲜空气。a moment.卧室的灯片刻后熄灭了火看来快熄灭了。【典例讲解】Jims parents always stop him from out at night.A.goB.goingC.to
36、goD.will go【答案】B【解析】句意：吉姆的父母总是阻止他晚上外出。考查非谓语动词。stop sb from doing sth 意为“阻止某人做某事”，因此是going,作介词from的宾语。故选B。知识点05 need 教材P42【用法详解】need作为动词，既可以做情态动词，也可以做实义动词。-情态动词：need do sth 否定 neednt do sth need -实义动词：need to do sth 否定 dont need to do sthIts hwe if you need it.你要的话就拿去吧。I need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿
37、觉。He needs to win this game to stay in the match.他得赢下这场比赛以免被淘汰出局。You dont need to leave yet, do you?你不必现在就走吧need还可以作为名词来使用。in need of需要There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。The house is in need of a thorough clean.这房子需要来个大扫除。There,s no need to cry ,不要哭了。【典例讲解】Youthe cat out for a
38、 walk.A.neednt to take B.dont need take C.dont need to takeD.neednt taking【答案】c【解析】句意：你不需要带猫出去散步。考查need的用法。neednt do sth.或dont need to do sth.意为“不需要做某事”，故选C。知识点 06 how to have fun 教材 P42【用法详解】Some dogs just don、know how to have fun “疑问词+ to do”结构，可以在句中做主语、宾语、 表语等。I dont know where to find him.我不知道到哪
39、里去找他。have fun doing sth = have a good time doing sth = enjoy oneself doing sth 做某事玩的开心They have fun climbing the mountain. 他们爬山玩的很开心。【典例讲解】Did you have great fun with your dog?A.playB.playedC.playsD.playing【答案】D【解析】句意：你和你的狗玩得开心吗？考查固定搭配。have fun doing sth.做某事开心，为 固定搭配，故选D。知识点 07 Do morning exercises
40、教材 P43【用法详解】do morning exercises做早操，这里的exercise为可数名词，表示“操练，练习”，常用复 数形式。Doing eye exercises is good for our eyes.做眼保健操对我们的眼睛有益。exercise用作不可数名词，表示锻炼。I sometimes take exercise in the morning.我经常在早上锻炼。exercise还可用作动词，表示“锻炼”。You need to exercise more.你需要多锻炼。【典例讲解】一 Do youevery day?一 Yes,good for our eyes.
41、A.do eye exercise； itsB.do eye exercises； theyreC.do eyes exercise； itsD.do eyes exercises； theyre【答案】B【解析】句意： 你每天做眼保健操吗？ 是的，它们对我们的眼睛有好处。考查 短语辨析和代词辨析。do eye exercises为固定搭配，意为“做眼保健操”，此处exercise是可 数名词，指的是具体一系列活动，不是抽象概念。根据问句“exercises”可知，此处应用they are 指代上文提到的exercises,故选B。知识点8 be late for 教材P43【用法详解】lat
42、e既可以做形容词，也可以做副词，表示“迟的，晚的。be late for迟到He got up late this morning.他今天早上起床起迟了。Hurry up, dont be late for the meeting,快点，开会不要迟到了。【典例讲解】Frank is always（迟至U） for school in the morning.【答案】late【解析】句意：弗兰克早上上学总是迟到。迟到：late,形容词；be late for迟到，固定结构。故填late。知识点 9 at a quarter past eight 教材 P43【用法详解】at a quarter
43、past eight八点一亥lja quarter 一亥lj钟（15 分钟）a quarter还有“四分之一”的意思。A quarter of students are girls in our class.我们班上四分之一的学生是女生。past在这里表示“晚于，超过“，当分钟不超过30的时候，用“分钟数+past+小时数”at five past six 6:05at six past five 5:06at twenty past twelve 12:20to表示“未到”，当分钟超过30的时候，用“分钟数+t。+小时数”，表示到小时数还差几 分钟at five to six （ 6 点还差
44、 5 分钟）：5:55at six to five （5 点还差 6 分钟）:4:54at twenty to twelve （ 12 点还差 20 分钟）：11: 40【典例讲解】1 .一Can you say 11: 45 in English?一Its easy.A.A quarter to twelveB.Forty-five to eleven.C.A quarter to elevenD.forty-five past eleven【答案】A【解析】句意： 你会用英语说11:45吗？很简单，“A quarter to twelve”。考查基数词的时间表达法。11:45超过30分钟，
45、用to表达。表达为“差15分钟到12点”，15分钟可 以用“a quarter”表示，即 a quarter to twelve0 故选 A。2 .Dont worry. Its 4:45. We still have time.A.fifteen past four B.fifteen past five C.a quarter to five D.a quarter to four 【答案】c【解析】句意：别担心。现在4:45。我们还有时间。考查时间的表达。4:45有两种表达：four forty-five 或 a quarter to five。故选 CoReading知识点01 fir
46、st 教材P44【用法详解】We do morning exercises first.这里的first用作副词,意为“首先”，用作状语，前面不加任 何冠词。at first 首先 first of all 首先 the first time 第一次first作为序数词，前面应加定冠词the,但序数词做定语，前面有物主代词修饰时，则不用 the.my first teacher = the first teacher of mineThis is our first lesson this term.这是我们这学期的第一节课。【典例讲解】Itsto come to China.A. his the first timeB. my first timeB. theirs first timesD. the our first time【答案】B【解析】句意：这是我第一次来中国。one飞first time to do sth,某人第一次做某事。结合句意， 故选Bo知识点02 chat with 教材P44【用法详解】chat with聊天 chat现在分词chatting