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1、2021届高考英语精选真题模拟测试卷（新课标卷）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABelow is a selection about some Guinness（吉尼斯）World Records.Top 6 Unusual Guinness World RecordsFastest 100 running on all foursThe 2008 Guinness World Records Day was,according to GWR,their big
2、gest day of record-Breakingever with more than 290,000 people taking part in record attempts in 15 different Countries.KenichiItos record attempt was part of this special day.He is just another example of Japanese with“superpowers His“super powers is to run with great speed on all fours,Kenichi Ito
3、ran 100 m on all fours in18.58 seconds.The Japanese set this record at Setagaya Kunitsu SogoUndojyo,Tokyo,in 2008.Most living generationsDid you ever wonder what is the Guinness World Record for most living generations in one family?Seven is the answer.The ultimate authority on record-breaking menti
4、ons on the website that theyoungest great-great-great-great grandparent of this family was Angusta Buing“aged 109 years 97days,followed by her daughter aged 89,her granddaughter aged 70,her great grand-daughter aged 52 hergreat-great grand-daughter aged 33 and her great-Great-great granddaughter age
5、d 15 on the birth of herGreat-Great-great-grandson on January 21,1989”.Most people inside a soap bubbleThe Discovery Science Center in Santa Ana,California celebrated this year the 15th anniversary ofthe Bubble（泡泡）Festival.A bubbles math principles and science were presented and demonstrated atthe t
6、hree-week-long exhibition.The intriguing Bubble Show was also part of the program.Fan Yang andDeni Yang impressed the audience with their awesome skills for bubble making.The Yang familycooperated with the Discovery Science Center to set a new Guinness World Record for mow peopleinside a scup bubble
7、 and they succeeded.The family that has been working with soap bubbles for 27 years created a huge soap bubble and got118 people inside it.The record was set or.April 4,2011.Most T shirts worn at onceBelieve it or not,there is a record also for this category.Krunoslav Budiseli set a new world record
8、 onMay 22,2010 for wearing 245 T-shirts at the same time.The nun from Croatia was officially recognizedas the new record bolder by Guinness World Records after he managed to put on 245 different T-shirts inless than two hours.The T-shirts weighted 68 KG and Budiseli said he began struggling around T
9、-shirtNo.120.He dethroned the Swedish Guinness record holder who wore 238 T-shirts.Longest ears on a dogA bloodhound from Illinces has the longest ears ever measured on a dog.The right car is 13.75 incheslong and the left one 13.5 inches.The dog named Tigger earned this title in 2004 and is owned by
10、Christina and Bryan Flessner.Mr.Jeffries is the previous record holder of this title.Each of his earsmeasured approximately 11.5 inches long.His grandfather used to hold this amazing world record,butwhen he died Mr.Jeffries took over.Heaviest pumpkinGuinness World Records confirmed on October 9,2010
11、 that a gigantic pumpkin（南瓜）grown inWisconsin was officially the words heaviest.It weighed 1,810 pounds 8 ounces and was unveiled byChris Stevens at the Stillwater Harvest Festival in Minnesota.Stevens,Pumpkin was 85 pounds heavierthan the previous record,another huge pumpkin grown in Ohio.The proud
12、 farmer said his secret is aprecise mixture of rain,cow manure,good soil,sea grass and fish emulsion,Some of the worldsheaviest pumpkins,including the record holder,were on public display at the Bronx Botanical gardens inNew York for a dozen days.l.Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a super
13、power?A.He set a good example to all Japanese.B.He made record attempts in!5 different countries.C.He set a new record for Fastest 100 m running on all fours1.D.He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一部分的倒数第二句：His Hsuper power*is to run with great speedon
14、 all fours.Kenichi Ito ran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds.可知答案 C 符合文意。2.Jeffries is the name of.A.the owner of the dog with the longest earsB.the grandfather of the dog with the longest earsC.the present holder of the record for Longest ears on a dogD.the former holder of the record for Longest
15、 ears on a dog【答案】：D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三部分的标题Longest ears on a dog和第二段的开头Mr.Jeffries isthe previous record holder of this title.可知答案 D 符合文意。3.How many T-shirts had Krunoslav Budiseli put on before he felt it difficult to go on?A.68.B.120.C.238.D.245.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五部分的倒数第二句The T-shirts weighted 68 KG a
16、nd Budiseli saidhe began struggling around T-shirt No.120.可知答案 B 符合文意。4.According to the given information,which Guinness World Record was most recently set?A.The record for”Most people inside a soap bubble.B.The record for Most living generationsM.C.The record for”Most T-shirts worn at once”.D.The
17、record for Heaviest pumpkin1.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章中讲述的6 大吉尼斯世界纪录的时间提示，The record was set onApril 4,2011.是最新的时间，故符合文意可以得知 答案A。BThere are always stories in life that can hardly be forgotten and will restore our hope for holidaysevery time we recollect.Johnny and I,along with our two young sons,Barry and
18、 Doyle,lived in a village in southernAlabama in 1979.We had bought the boys a bicycle for the New Year,and had hidden it in the garage,where Johnny would assemble（组装）it on New Years Eve after the kids fell asleep.But that day,Johnnyhad to go to Brookley Air Force Base in Mobile,an hour away,to repai
19、r a jet.I had my hands busy withbaking,preparing for holiday dinner and caring for two energetic boys.Just as I was making the chocolate cake,a neighbor knocked on the door.It was Beatrice,who wasthe only person on our road with a telephone.The base had called to say that a heavy tool had come apart
20、suddenly hitting Johnnys arm and breaking the bone.My brother Otto took me to the base hospital whilemy mother stayed with the children.We got there to find Johnny with a cast（石膏）on his arm,anxious to get home regardless of thedoctors orders.It was New Years Eve,Johnny argued,and he had the bike to
21、assemble for his boys.Thedoctor said hed consider dismissing him the next morning if Johnny could find someone to drive himhome.On New Years morning,Johnny called the base and was told everyone was off duty;there was noone to drive him home.Johnny kept making calls.At last,a big blue car with the Ai
22、r Force sign rolledup.I was putting dinner on the table when hearing the car.We were thrilled to see Johnny assisted by auniformed Air Force officer.With Ottos help.Johnny assembled the boys gift,and they all had a goodtime that aftemoon.Our hearts were full of gratitude to the people who had gone t
23、he extra mile to bringus together.5.What had Johnny planned to do on New Years Eve?A.Repair a jet.B.Buy his sons a bike.C.Prepare a surprise gift.D.Assemble a bike with his sons.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句中的where Johnny would assemble it on New Years Eveafter the kids fell asleep可知，约翰尼将在新年前夜孩子们睡觉后为他们组
24、装自行车，这对孩子们来说是惊喜。故选C 项。6.Why did Beatrice come to the authors house?A.To relay a message.B.To make a phone call.C.To lend out her telephone.D.To take the author to the hospital.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句和第三句可知，作者的邻居比阿特丽斯是街上唯一有电话的人，基地给她打电话说了作者丈夫出事事，所以邻居比阿特丽斯是来告知作者这件事，故选A 项。7.How can we describe Johnny?
25、A.Diligent.B.Stubborn.C.Considerate.D.Complicated.【答案】C 解析 推理判断题o根据文章第四段中的anxious to get home regardless of the doctors orders及 hehad the bike to assemble for his boys可以看出，丈夫不顾医嘱着急想出院是因为他还想为孩子们组装自行车，表明了作者的丈夫是一个体贴的人。故选C 项。8.What can serve as the title for the text?A.A Hard-won New Year PresentB.A Tre
26、asured New Year MemoryC.An Unexpected New Year DinnerD.A Life-changing New Year Experience【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段“There are always stories in life that can hardly be forgotten and.”点明了文章的主题，结合全文内容可知，文章讲述的是一份值得珍藏的新年记忆。CA friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness.His legs were so hurt that
27、he couldntmove.What was the worst was that he found himself unable to ask for helphis mobile phone went outof work.Nothing could be done but to wait in cold wilderness.8 hours later,day broke,and then therescue arrived.It is almost unimaginable that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so l
28、ong.Even moresurprising was his explanation：”First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not infatal danger.As there was no way to call for help,I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep thewound from bleeding.In this way I dozed（打盹）off.His story put an end to my regret f
29、or the failure of an exploration adventure that happened lastyear.A group of young men tried to explore a mountain cave and got lost.Unable to find a way out in thedark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of direction.Finally they fell dead infear and exhaustion.The place whe
30、re they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the opening ofthe cave!If they tried to calm themselves,they would probably sense a faint light shining not far away.Dont you think that you can compare it with life itself?When you meet with obstacles（障碍）inlife and work,you are lost in darkness.Mi
31、nd you its unclear yet and you needn*t put up struggleimmediately.But a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a great courage.9.What was the greatest trouble for the writers friend?A.It was very dark.B He was hurt and couldnt move.C.He couldnt get help with his mobile phone.D
32、.It was very cold.【答案】C【解析】：推理判断题，可用逻辑推断法来解。由原文第一节What was the worst was that hefound himself unable to ask for help-his mobile phone went out of work.”可以推出作者朋友面临的最大困难是手机没电无法与外界取得联系获取帮助。10.What did the writers friend do when he was waiting for help?A.He checked his physical conditions.B.He tried to
33、keep his wound from bleeding.C.He slept fbr a while.D.All the above.【答案】D【解析】细节判断题，可用直接就题找文法来解。原文第二节First of all I checked up myphysical conditions and found myself not in fatal danger.As there was no way to call for help,I leanedback in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding.In this
34、 way I dozed（打盹）off.”体现答案。1 l.How did the writers friend feel when he was waiting fbr help?A.Horrible.B.Worried.C.Angry.D.Calm.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题，可用逻辑推断法来解。由作者朋友事故之后所做的事情可以推出他当时很镇静。DSelf-driving cars have been backed by the hope that they will save lives by getting involved in fewercrashes with fewer in
35、juries and deaths than human-driven cars.But so far,most comparisons betweenhuman-driven cars and automated vehicles have been unfair.Crash statistics for human-driven cars are gathered from all sorts of driving situations,and on all typesof roads.However,most of the data on self-driving cars safety
36、 have been recorded often in good weatherand on highways,where the most important tasks are staying in the car*s own lane and not getting tooclose to the vehicle ahead.Automated cars are good at those tasks,but so are humans.It is true that self-driving cars dont get tired,angry,frustrated or drunk.
37、But neither can they yet reactto uncertain situations with the same skill or in anticipation of an attentive human driver,nor do theypossess the foresight to avoid potential perils.They largely drive from moment to moment,rather thanthink ahead to possible events literally down the road.To a self-dr
38、iving car,a bus full of people might appear quite similar to an uninhabited cornfield.Indeed,deciding what action to take in an emergency is difficult for humans,but drivers will sacrificethemselves for the greater good of others.An automated systems limited understanding of the worldmeans it will a
39、lmost never evaluate（评估）a situation in the same way as a human would do.Andmachines cant be programed in advance to handle every imaginable set of events.Some people may argue that the promise of simply reducing the number of injuries and deaths isenough to support driverless cars.But experience fro
40、m aviation（航空）shows that as new automatedsystems are introduced,there is often an increase in the rate of disasters.Therefore comparisons between humans and automated vehicles have to be performed carefully.Tofairly evaluate how well driverless cars fulfill their promise of improved safety,its impor
41、tant to ensurethe data presented actually provide a true comparison.After all,choosing to replace humans withautomation has more effects than simply one-fbr-one exchanging.12.What makes the comparisons between self-driving cars and human-driven cars unfair?A.Self-driving cars never get tired.B.Stati
42、stics are collected differently.C.Machines can make decisions faster.D.Self-driving cars know the world better.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，由人类驾驶的汽车的事故数据来自各种路况和驾驶情况，而无人驾驶汽车的事故数据是在公路上和良好的天气情况下收集而来的，所以收集数据方式的不同导致了两者之间的不公平比较。故选B 项。13.What does the underlined word perils in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A.
43、Dangers.B.Self-driving cars.C.Pedestrians.D.Human-driven cars.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句中的rather than think ahead to possible events literally downthe road可知，无人驾驶汽车没有前瞻性去避免潜在的危险。故画线词应表示“危险”。故选A 项。pedestrian意为“行人。14.1n which aspect can self-driving cars beat human drivers?A.Driving steadily.B.Climbing s
44、teep slopes.C.Evaluating the cost of loss.D.Making complex decisions.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句It is tnie that self-driving cars dont get tired,angry,frustratedor drunk.”可知，无人驾驶汽车不会有疲惫、生气、沮丧或醉酒的状况，因此在驾驶的稳定性上优于由人类驾驶的汽车。故选A 项。15.Why does the author write this text?A.To support human-driven cars.B.To show
45、 his doubts about self-driving cars.C.To call fbr exact evaluation of self-driving cars.D.To stress the importance of reducing car accidents.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To fairly evaluate how well driverless cars fulfill theirpromise of improved safety,its important to ensure the data presented actually
46、 provide a truecomparison.”可知，为了公平地评估无人驾驶汽车在多大程度上实现了其提高安全性的承诺，确保呈现的数据能够提供真实的比较是非常重要的。故可推断出，作者写此文的目的是呼叮人们对无人驾驶汽车进行准确的评价。故选C 项。第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满 分 10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Building Trust in a Relationship AgainImagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking
47、 himself the question:Should Ijump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the twosides of the same coin.16 Like the child on the diving board,you will stay undecided.17 More than that,how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal?First,you need toevalua
48、te yourself,your values your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.This is quite important,because itis directly related to your commitment.There are times when your heart is no
49、t in your work.18So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment.Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can helpyou move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping inmind your beliefs,values and strengths.Remember that goals are flexible
50、.19 They also needto be measurable.You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example,you may want to be a Pilot butcant become one because your eyesight is not good enough.20 You should reassess yourgoals,and motivate yourself t