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1、GrammarGrammar广东广东郑学敏郑学敏1.Hesaid:“Iveleftmypeninmyroom.”Hesaid thathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.2.Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”复习复习(把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语)SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句的间接引语连接词用连接词用that,在在口语中可省略。引述动词用口语中可省略。引述动词用sa
2、id,told,等。等。例如：例如：Hesaid:“Iveleftmybookinmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.复习规律复习规律2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用词用if或或whether，而引述选择疑问句时而引述选择疑问句时只能用只能用whether，引述动词用引述动词用asked，没，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等。等。例如：例如：ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedTomif/whetherhecould
3、helpher.3.特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：词，改为陈述语序。例如：TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.Theteacherasked,“Howdidyourepairit?”4.如何如何变时态：直接引直接引语间接引接引语一般一般现在时现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时如：如：1)Shesaid.“Ihave
4、lostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid.“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引接引语变为间接引接引语时，时态一般一般不不变化。化。(1)直接引直接引语是客是客观真理。真理。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.Theteache
5、rtoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(2)直接引直接引语中有具体的中有具体的过去某年、某月、去某年、某月、某日作状某日作状语，变为间接引接引语时,时态不不变。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的的,变间接引语时变间接引语时,时态保持不变。时态保持不变。The
6、boysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.(4).若直接引语中含有若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句句,变间接引语时变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold.(5).若直接引语的谓语中含有若直接引语的谓语中含有would,shou
7、ld,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等动词时。如：等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.5.如何如何变状状语：直接引直接引语变间接引接引语，状，状语变化有其内化有其内在在规律律，时间状状语由由“现在在”改改为“原来原来”例例:now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore,today变为变为thatday。地点状地点状语,尤其表示方向性的尤其表示方向性的,或用指示或用指示代代词修修饰的状的状语,由由“此此”改改为“彼彼”(例例:this改
8、改为that),如：如：Hesaid,Thesebooksaremine.Hesaidthosebookswerehis.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化化:thisthat;thesethose;nowthen;yesterdaythedaybefore;todaythatday;tomorrowthenextday;nextweek(month,year)thenextweek(month,year);agobefore;herethere祈使句的间接引语祈使句的间接引语采用采用“动词动词+宾语宾语+不定式不定式”结构。结构。told/asked/orde
9、redsb.(not)todosth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示如果祈使句是表示请求请求，间接引语的，间接引语的动词常用动词常用ask，如果是表示，如果是表示命令命令，间接，间接引语的动词常用引语的动词常用tell,order,command等。等。直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引接引语(变化后化后)祈使句祈使句The officer said to him,“Dont leave your post.”不定式不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost.直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引接引语(变化后化后)Let
10、s开开头的祈使句的祈使句 I said to him,“Lets start at once.”that引引导的的宾语从句从句Isuggestedhimthatwe(should)startatonce.直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引接引语(变化后化后)感感叹句句He said:“How happy I am!”that/what/how引引导的的宾语从句从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.例如例如:1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Dontwasteyourtime.”ThemotheraskedTom
11、togetupearly.2.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.例例如：如：Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.直接引直接引语如果是以如果是以“Lets”开开头头的祈使的祈使句，句，变为间变为间接引接引语时语时，通常用，通常用“suggest+动动句句词词（或从句）。（或从句）。”1.“Pleaseclosethewin
12、dow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose练一练练一练2.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;dontdoC.toldme;dontdoD.toldme;nottodo3.“Dontputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim_putiton_hat.A.dont,hisB.dont,herC
13、.notto,hisD.notto,her4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom_.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.thatifhehasseenherpurse5.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter解析解析:如果直接引语是如果直接引语是“Whatsthematte
14、r?”“Whatswrong?”“Whatsthetrouble?”,变间接引语时语序不变。变间接引语时语序不变。6.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember解析解析:选择疑问句要变成选择疑问句要变成whether或或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句C.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember
15、7.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.解析解析:反意疑问句要变成反意疑问句要变成whether或或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句.8.Heasked_forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid9.Theboysaid,“
16、MayIgoalongwithyou?”Theboyaskedme_.A.ifImightgoalongwithyouB.ifhemightgoalongwithyouC.ifhemightgoalongwithme D.ifhemightgoalongwiththeboy10.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”He_verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthatth
17、eboywas练一练练一练1.Hesaid,“Mysisterwashereforthreedays.”2.Hesaidthat_sister_threedays.3.2.Shesaid,”Illgotheretomorrow.”4.Shesaidthat_gothere_.hishadbeenthereforshewouldthenextday3.Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight?”She_me_him_.4.“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?”FathersaidtoPeter.Father_Peter_thenight_.askedif/whetherIhasseenthenightbeforeaskedwhenhewenttobeforebed5.Thehostsaidtous,“Pleasecometoseeusagainifyouhavetime.”_.Thehostaskedustogotoseethemagainifwehadtime1.FinishPage50inWorkbook.2.Makeupadialoguewithyourpartner.Oneusedirectspeech,theotheruseindirectspeech.Andactitoutnextclass.Homework