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1、2023年初中英语语法知识精讲：常用副词考法归纳3副词?yet?的四大用法L?用作副词，表示“已经”、“至今”、“仍然”等，通常用于否定句、 疑问句（包括一些表示怀疑的动词），且通常位于句末。如：Is your mother back yet?你母亲回来 了吗？yet.? t want to go away yet. ?我还不想离开。I doubt if he has read it yet. ?我怀疑他是否读过它。注：在否定句中，有时也位于句中（紧跟在否定词之后），这种用法比句末 位置的用法更正式。如：我们还不知道答案。正：We don t know theanswer yet. （口语或非
2、正式）正： We do not yet know the answer. （正式） 误： We don t know yet the answer.但有时可紧跟在动词后的从句前。如:I don t know yet whether he 11 come or not. ?我还不知道他来不来。比较以下两句的时态，与英国英语和美国英语有关: 我还没收到他的来信。E： I haven t received a letter from him yet. （英）正：I didn, t receive a letter from him?yet.（美）2 .?有时与情态动词连用，表示“迟早”、“早晚”。如
3、：We may win yet. ?我们迟早会获胜的。The plan may even yet?succeed. ?该计划将来说不定会成功。3 .?用作连词，表示转折，意为“但是”、“然而“，往往含有“尽管如此 但”之意。如：He said he would be late, ?yet?he arrived on time. ?他说他会迟到，但 他却准时到了。注：有时可与另一个连词？and, but?连用（位于其后）。如：The boy is fat and yet he runs very fast. ?这男孩很胖，但却跑得很 快。I agree with you, but yet I c
4、an t consent. ?我同意你的意见，但是 我不能答应。4 .?用于?not （just） yet,?意为“尚未” “还不（没有）”。如：A： Are you ready to start?你准备出发 了吗？B: Not just yet. ?还没有。A： Has he ever been to a foreign country?他出过国吗？B: Not yet. ?没有。never与ever的用法比较一、never的用法1. ?never主要与肯定动词连用而不与否定动词连用。一般情况下它意为“从 未有过”：Some people are never satisfied. ?有些人从
5、不满足。I was never very good at maths. ?我在数学方面从来就不很好。A clever politician never promises too much. ?聪明的政治家从不过多 地许诺。Have you met Marilyn. I ve never met her. ?你见到过玛里琳吗？我从 未见到过她。2. ?never+肯定动词有时可以替代一个普通的否定动词：I waited but he never turned up. ?我等着，可他根本没有来。3. ?never+疑问动词可表示说话人对于未能做到某事而感到惊讶：Has he never been
6、to Japan? I m surprised, because his wife is Japanese.?他从没去过日本吗？我感到很惊讶，因为他妻子是日本人。二、ever的用法L?ever意为“在任何时间”，主要用于疑问句中：Have you ever been a teacher?你当过教师吗？Have you ever?seen a gorilla?你看到过大猩猩吗？Have you ever seen any film like that?你看过这样的电影吗？Have you ever heard a pop song sung in Japanese?你听见过有人用日 语唱流行歌吗
7、？2. ?ever可与否定动词连用，特别是在与复合时态连用时，可代替never+ 肯定动词：I don t ever want never want to see you again. ?我永远不想再见 到你了。He?doesnzt evercomplain. =Hecomplain. =He never complains. ?他从来不抱 怨。I promise you, he?wontever?wi 11 never trouble you again!?我向你 保证，他绝不会再打扰你了！3. ever+肯定动词可以用于比较中，也可以和表示假定和怀疑的词连用：I don t suppose
8、 he ever writes to his mother. ?我想他没有绐他母 亲写过信wide与widely用法的三点区别两者均可用作副词，区别如下：区别l?wide用作副词主要表示“张大”“睁大”到最大程度，侧重指物 体从一边到另一边的距离（联系其形容词用法），通常与wide, apart等连用。 如：Open your mouth wide. ?把口 张开。The door was wide open. ?门敞开着。He was standing with his feet wide apart. ?他站在那儿,两脚分开的 距离很大。区别2?widely则主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广
9、等，通常连用过去分 词。如：He has traveled widely. ?他曾在广泛地区旅行。The most widely distributed is the Hui people. ?分布最广的是回族。Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating. ?现在普遍用煤气烧 饭和取暖。That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.? 想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。有时也连用某些表示差异或变化的词语(如different, differing, range
10、, vary 等)。如：The conversation ranged widely. ?谈话内容十分广泛。Prices vary widely from shop to shop. ?各家商店价格悬殊很大。Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities. ?社会 是由能力迥异的人组成的。区别3?在wide awake (完全醒着)这一习语中，一般不用widely。如：In bed he lay wide awake. ?他睡意全无地躺在床上。副词long的若干用法限制long用作副词时，原则上只用于肯定句和疑问句。如：一H
11、ow long will it take to get there?到那儿需要多长时间?一It won t take long. ?没多长时间。英语一般不说：It would take long. ?可考虑改为将：It would take a long time. ?那样会需要很长时间。在日常会话中？(for) a tong time常被？(for) ages替代。如：I waited for ages. ?我等了好长时间。It took us ages to get there. ?我们花了好长时间才到那儿。但是，long的比较级和最高级longer和longest却可以不受限制地使用。
12、如：It took longer than I expected. ?花得时间比我预料的长。No one can say how much longer the strike will last. ?谁也说不出罢 工还会持续多久。Women, generally speaking, live longer than men. ? 般说来女人比男 人活得长。Which type of battery lasts longest?哪一种电池使用寿命最长？另外，带有修饰语的long,如too / so+long或long+enough结构可表 示肯定语气。如：Could she have been
13、waiting so long?她能等得这么久了吗？Gone from home so long, they joyously embraced their mates of boyhood. ?他们久离家乡，高兴地拥抱他们的儿时伙伴。They might have found it impossible to have lived together?so long, had not a particular circumstance occurred. ?如不是情况特殊， 他们是不 可能长久住在一起的。Don t bother to read all these papers. It wou
14、ld take?too long. ?不要 费事看所有这些文件了，那会花太多时间。The bread baked?too long. ?这面包烤的时间太长了。This route to Boston takes?too long. There must be another route that is shorter. ?这条到波士顿的路线费时太多了。一定会有一条较短的路线。I ve been working here long enough. Time to get a new job. ?我在 这里工作时间太长。该换个新工作了。My own view is that this kind of store, these kinds of supermarkets, have been around long enough for us to get used to them.?我自 己的观点 是，这类店铺、这种超市存在的时间够长了，我们可以适应。