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1、压轴题05七选五该题型的阅读材料长度为300词左右,主要以说明文为主。文中有五处空白， 文后有七个选项，要求考生从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。该题型要求 考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和前后文联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一 致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析和理解长难句的能力。文章的体裁以说明文为主，注重选取贴近生活，新颖的，时代感强的材料。其他文体为辅。单纯以 时间或事件为线索的记叙文不利于考查逻辑思维能力，出现的次数较少。文中的五处空白一般分布于各个段落的段首、段中或段尾。其选项一般分为四类:主题概句、过渡句(反
2、映文章结构)、细节理解句(反映上下文逻辑关系)、结论句。多余两个选项也往往从这四个方面设置，例 如题概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡句不能反映文章的行文结构，节理解句与上下文脱 节等。I压轴题叁颁根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略1 .如果空白在段首(1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推 断出主题句。(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找 相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合
3、下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。2 .如果空白在段尾(1)重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。(2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现 前文的同义词、句。(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容 是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出C. Young people are faced with constant stressors.D. What should pe
4、ople do to stay happy and healthy?E. They value hard work and enjoy planning for the future.F. What we also found was that they performed worse on cognitive tests.G. Psychological well-being is related to lower levels of stress and better health.现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第 一句是紧密相
5、连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。3.如果空白构成一整个自然段(1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选 项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。(2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重耍线索通常会在后一段开头, 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。(3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内 容连贯
6、，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。，压轴题施骑(2023山东移隹坊统考模拟预测)If you struggle with anxiety, you are probably hoping for a tip that you can use right now. Many people feel this way at the beginning of therapy. That is why I always teach people this first skill as early as possible. 2 At the very least, it prevents anxiety fro
7、m developing into panic.When anxiety is triggered (触发),you start breathing more quickly. This is your bodys way of getting in extra oxygen to fuel the survival response.3 So you breathe faster with rapid, shallow breaths, then you have an excess of oxygen in your system. But if you can extend the ou
8、t-breath so that it is longer or more vigorous than the inbreath, this helps to slow your heart rate down. 4Some people like to count the breaths when doing an extended outbreath, such breathing in for a count of 7 and out for a count of 11, or a variation that works fbr you.Taking some time to prac
9、tise slow breathing techniques is a great investment of time. 5 You can do it anywhere, any time and nobody even needs to know you arc doing it.A. One of my favorites is square breathing.B. You feel as though you cannot catch your breath.C. Something easy to learn that will have instant effect.D. An
10、other tool that has almost instant effects is exercise.E. Its an anxiety management tool that works in the moment.F. When the pounding heart comes down, so does the anxiety response.G. It is easy to learn and takes a few minutes to bring down the intensity of anxiety.（2023辽宁丹东统考一模）How to Work Out Yo
11、ur Worries by WritingSomething troubling you? You should write about it! Research indicates that people who write about a difficult situation often show improved mental and physical health.6. It is a specific technique, and ifs different from writing in a journal. The idea is to reflect honestlyand
12、thoughtfully on a particular challenge.Hundreds of studies over several decades have looked at the potential benefits of expressive writing. It can strengthen the immune system, including for people with illnesses such as flu, cancer and depression. 7Expressive writing works because it allows you to
13、 make meaning out of a painful experience, experts say.8 Then translating that experience into language forces you to organize your thoughts. And creating a narrative gives you a sense of control.But expressive writing isnt a magical cure-all solution. 9, And people coping with a severe injury ordep
14、ression may not find it useful to do on their own, without therapy （治疗）.10? Thinking or talking about an event can lead to reflecting, where you become lost in youremotions. Writing forces you to slow down. The mere act of labeling a feelingof putting words to an emotioncan lessen the nervous activi
15、ty in the threat area of the brain. Writing can increase someones acceptance of his experience, and acceptance is calming.A. Why writeB . What if you dont writeC. It can also help improve mood,sleep and memoryD. Expressive writing gave people the courage to face fearsE. It shouldnt be used as a repl
16、acement fbr other treatmentsF. The first important step is to recognise what it is that is bothering youG. Psychologists refer to writing about an unpleasant experience as expressive writing（20231可匕唐山统考模）Have you had a meltdown lately? An emotional meltdown isnt exactly a medical disease. 11 Its a p
17、opular term used to describe a situation where we are overcome emotionally of hit a breaking point.How do you feel after youve had a meltdown? Do you feel embarrassed about your behavior? 12 An occasional meltdown doesnt mean something is wrong“ with you. It may just be an indicator of a challenging
18、 time for you.While most people would rather forget a meltdown as quickly as possible, it can be a learning experience.If you feel embarrassed about revealing your emotions in public, you might examine how you feel about your feelings. Why isnt it okay for you to be angry, or to be sad, or to need s
19、omething from someone else? 13 So, be kind to yourself.If your meltdown involved raising your voice at other people or behavior like throwing an object in the presence of others, apologize and come up with a plan to manage your emotions differently the next time youre upset or stressed. If you find
20、this type of behavior is common for you and youre having difficulty managing it on your own, consider reaching to a psychologist. 14 It damages another persons attitude and eats into their health.15 Your experience serves a basis for reflection. Be kind to yourself and find some helpful ways to deal
21、 with meltdowns:A. It can happen to anyone.B , Are you a happy person?C. Learn from every meltdown.D. There are some negative effects about meltdown,E. Shaming yourself about your emotion is not helpful.F. Are you anxious about possible consequences for your outburst?G. Having an emotional meltdown
22、is never an excuse for abusive behavior.（2023江苏统考二模）Conscious （有意识的）living is not just a trend. 16 It is about being intentional with everything you do your words, actions, beliefs, habits, and choices. Accepting conscious living takes some effort, but it is worthwhile. Here are some ways you can ac
23、hieve this goal. Be conscious about your time.Time is the most precious thing because there is no way to live a moment again. 17 If you waste your precious hours doing negative things, you will regret it later. The first step for living consciously is to be wise about your time. Be selective about t
24、hings you spend it on, and allocate （分酉己）it for positive activities. 18You cannot achieve them unless you understand your needs and intentions. It is easier said than done because most people fail to make an effort to know themselves. Spend time thinking over and knowing your strengths and weaknesse
25、s. Once you know yourself better, you can create a plan to work towards becoming more patient, honest, and forgiving. Learn to be grateful.Gratitude takes you a long way towards conscious living. It opens you up to a happier and a fulfilled mindset. Most people are unhappy because they see only the
26、negatives in life. However, everyone has something to be grateful for. Writing a gratitude journal is a good start for counting your blessings. 19Believe in yourself.It is the key to making the right choices, yet not regretting the wrong ones. 20 Spending time alone and thinking deeply are effective
27、 measures that enable you to identify the inner voice. Care for it and follow it to make it stronger down the line.Conscious living is a skill you need to learn as you go, so be willing to make the effort and master it. You will absorb it soon and be a happier person in the long run.A. Know yourself
28、 better.B. Accept the person you are.C. Life can be a lot better with the right decisions.D. It is a healthy choice that enables you to be happy.E. Pick it as a daily habit, and you will notice the difference.F. The way you spend your time determines the course of your life.G. The best way to build
29、self-belief is by reflecting on your own thoughts.（2023山东泰安统考一模）When were bored, most of us end up being glued to a phone. That might ease our boredom. 21 That time couldve been spent on a different, more valuable activity. The following will help ease your boredom, and teach you to use time more pr
30、oductively.Reading.22 Thats because they were forced to read at school. But when you have the option to choose which book youre going to read, you can understand why its enjoyable. Not only can it help ease your boredom, its also one of the best ways to expand your knowledge.People often forget why
31、theyre pursing something in the first place. Some may not even be sure what theyre supposed to be doing in their daily life. This lack of direction then often shows up as boredom. Thafs why having goals is important.Exercise.Exercise is good and should be done frequently. 24 Most people who exercise
32、 do it to look better in the miiTor. But theres another reason why you should exercise, it improves our brain function.Cleaning up your room.Take a look around right now. Chances are that the space youre in, is far from clean. However, you have to change that, as our physical environment has a huge
33、impact on our cognition, behavior and decision making.25 But once we remove all this visual mess from our environment, were able to focus and processinformation much better.A. Pursuing a dream.B , Planning and goal setting.C. But theres an opportunity costD. Most people only do reading after school.
34、E. But for some reason, not everyone does it.F. When our surroundings are a mess, so are we.G. Most people dont read anything after theyve finished school.（2023湖北华中师大一附中校考二模）Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online. They use so
35、me of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. 26Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch. 27 Some social media sites use those likes to determine how many people eventually see a post. One with many likes is more likely to be seen-and t
36、o get even more likes.Whats more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain. 28 For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink. That means that what you like online has the power to influence not just what others like, but even what they do.29 And
37、 not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens brains during this task. They saw activity in a part of the brain thats involved in rewards, which suggests the teens we
38、re changing their behavior to try to get social approval.Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate （夸大）how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. 30 A. It can also lower the viewers self-control.B , A po
39、pular post doesnt necessarily mean it is a quality post.C. Ifs no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.D. Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center.E. And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.F. But those “likes“ can have power
40、 that goes beyond a simple connection.G. Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.（2023湖北校联考二模）If youve had a bad nights sleep, or youve just got too much to do, the last thing you want to be told is to “be positive! 31.Of course, developing a positive attitude is easi
41、er said than done -it doesnt come naturally to everyone. When youre feeling down, it is hard to be optimistic. But a study has found that people who are optimists are more likely to live longer than those who have a more negative approach to life. So, maybe once you think of a longer life, 32The stu
42、dy concluded that optimists may find it easier to control emotions and get less stressed. And as stress impacts on the immune system, 33 Professor Lewina Lee from Boston University said: Our findingsspeak to the possibility that raising levels of optimism may promote longevity and healthy aging. And
43、 she advises that pessimists could benefit from doing things like imagining a future where everything turns out well.But if youre a glass half empty9 type of person, could seeing the world through rose-tinted glasses work for you? Every bean has its black. 34 Some people say its best to celebrate th
44、e positives and ignore the negative parts of our lives.35. Vicki Siska says “Music feeds my soul, a sense of humour keeps things in perspective. PippaKennedy says “being grateful fbr what you have! Other people recommend doing yoga and meditation as well as staying fit to help maintain a positive ou
45、tlook on life.A. Accepting this helps us control our emotionsB , Accept it and make efforts to improve yourselfC. its possible that optimists better handle infectionsD. But having this mindset could have many benefitsE. But it could help you have a positive outlook on lifeF. it might encourage you t
46、o have a more hopeful outlook on lifeG. People have their personal advice on keeping a positive approach to life（2023湖南岳阳统考二模）Your Brain Was Made For WalkingIf a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you t
47、ry to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do?36.Get walking! Its not just some people who made a case fbr it as a prime creativity booster. 37 A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. Acc
48、ording to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. Youve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. 38But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals thatAmericans spend 87 percent of their time i