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1、高考被动语态专项练习题及答案详解高考被动语态专项练习题及答案详解一、单项选择被动语态1 . The old man was weak after the accident; so he carefully by us.A . must be take care of B . must take care ofC . must look after D . must be looked after【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：事故发生后，老人很虚弱； 所以他必须由我们仔细照顾。固定词组：ta ke care of/ looked after 照顾；句子主语he和谓语动
2、词之间是被动关系，所以这里 是含情态动词的被动语态，情态动词+be +过去分词。故选Do2 . The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A . elected B . settledC . developed D . contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。 由句意可知，选settle ,意为解决。elect选举；develop发展; contain包含,控制。故选Bo3 . The new library; it will be open next year.A . had
3、been built B . was builtC . was being built D . is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。 根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书 馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选 D。4 . Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she that the clothvery well.A . has been told; washes B . had been told; wash
4、edC . was told; was washed D . had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主 句之前，即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash 等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可 知，应选washedo句意：随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告 诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。5 . Now the world s attention the stocking markets,as they have great influence onth
5、e world s economy.A . is fixing on B . is being fixed onC . has fixed on D . had been fixed on【答案】B【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市 场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。attention与focus之间为被动关系， Now提示用现在进行时。6 . 一It s so humid these days!一Don/ t worry! The rain to stop from tomorrow.A . will expect B . expectsC . will b
6、e expected D . is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：一这些日子天气潮湿。不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，expect表示现在发生的事情, 用一般现在时，停止的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与 expect之间是被动关系。故选D。7 . Quantities of soil in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters. A . is washed away B . have washed awayC . have washed away D
7、 . have been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走 了，结果导致自然灾害数量增加。句中soil和wash away是被动关系，此处指土壤已经被 冲走并对现在造成影响，故要用现在完成时，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。8 . 105 . The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A . will make B . wi
8、ll be madeC . has been made D . had made【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020年 东京奥运会上将增加15个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是 被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选Bo9 . Chinese kites in ancient times in the shape ofbirds.A . design B . had designedC . were designed D . have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟 的形状。根据
9、in ancienttimes可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选co10 . 8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.A . killed B . were killedC . have killed D .
10、have been killed【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生 手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了 8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动 关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的 事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被 动语态，故答案为B。11 . Its great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.A . trapped B . have b
11、een trappedC . had trapped D . had been trapped【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时；同时，visitors和trap构成被动关系，应使 用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。12 . To my, he was not a little at the newsthat he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he though
12、t that he didnt perform so well. A . astonishment; astonishingB . astonished ; astonishingC . astonishment; astonishedD . astonish ; astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查astonish相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是，他对这个消息并不 感到惊讶.to ones astonishment 使某人感到惊讶的是”;be astonished at sth.对某事感到惊讶。故选C.13 . The officer commanded that everyone p
13、assing by that day.A . search B . would be searchedC . be searched D . must be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。 command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,(should ) +动词原形，此 处everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为Co14 . It is the third time so far that such a festival inmy hometown.A . is held B . has been heldC . will
14、be held D . had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third.) time +that从句，这是第一(二，三)次。一般来说，This is the first (second, third.) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现 在完成时，但是这个句子中，s。far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日 庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点:考查句式用法15 . I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the clothwell.A
15、 . have told ; washes B . have been told ; washesC . was told ; washed D . have been told ; is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是 我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现 在的影响，且I与tell是被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。 第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含义。故 B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及主语+不及物动词+ 主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动
16、表示被动的用法。具体 用法如下：1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有 taste（吃起来），sound （听起来）,prove（证明是）,fee 1（摸上去感到）等，例 如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。2）一些与carYt（不能）或wont（不会）连用的动词。常用的有： lock（锁住），shut（关上）,open （打开，营业）,close （关门）,cut （切割），weigh （重），act （上演），例如:The do
17、or wont open.这门打不开。It cant move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些与well（很）,easily（容易地）,perfectly（十分地）等连用的动词, 如：sell, wash, clean,burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear0这种动词+副词” 结构，常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well.这些衣服
18、很耐洗。4）用在主语+不及物动词+主语补语句型中的一些不及物动词, 例如:This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. Written in simple English, this article reads easily.5）某些不及物动词，如happen, occ
19、ur, cost以及短语，如come out （出版）,come up （出现）,come into being （产生）come to one s mind （想起）,turn out （证明是）,come about （发生）, break out （爆发）,belong to （属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它 们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his min
20、d. It never occurred to me to phone you.16 . I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn t you drive him there?一I But my car.A . would; was fixed B . would have; was fixedC . would have; was being fixed D . did; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机 场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来
21、想送他了。但是我的 汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的 事情,应该用would have done ;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的 时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选co17 . Please donz t stand up in class until you.A . were told to B . are toldC . are told to D . were told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站 起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被 省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号too分析句子可知，本句为一 般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】