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1、2017湖南考研英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections： Read the following text. Choose the best word （s） for each numbered blankand mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points） People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is nodifferent， with academics， writers， and act
2、ivists once again 1 that technology bereplacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will bedefined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses willstruggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future wi
3、ll be awasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give theirlives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6 ，todays unemployeddont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent ofAmericans who have been unemployed for at least a year repo
4、rt having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also， some research suggests that the 8 for risingrates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting 9 poorly-educatedmiddle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 theagonizing dullness of a jobless future.
5、But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without workwould be filled with unease . Such visions are based on the 12 of beingunemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly differentcircu
6、mstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may bea bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a wasteof human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University ofIreland in Galway. These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for
7、most workers， peopleuse their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of theirjobs.“When I come home from a hard days work， I often feel 18 ，” Danahersays， adding， “In a world in which I dont have to work， I might feel ratherdifferent”perhaps different enough to throw himself 1
8、9 a hobby or a passionproject with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.A boastingB denyingC warningD ensuring答案C warning2.A inequalityB instabilityC unreliabilityD uncertainty答案A inequality3.A policyBguidelineC resolutionD prediction答案D prediction4.A characterized BdividedC balancedDmeas
9、ured答案A characterized5.A wisdomB meaningC gloryD freedom答案B meaning6.A InsteadB IndeedC ThusD Nevertheless答案B Indeed7.A richB urbanCworkingD educated 答案C working8.A explanationB requirementC compensationD substitute答案A explanation9.A underB beyondC alongsideD among 答案D among10.A leave behindB make u
10、pC worry aboutD set aside 答案C worry about11.A statisticallyB occasionallyC necessarilyD economically答案C necessarily12.A chancesB downsidesC benefitsD principles 答案B downsides13.A absenceB heightC faceD course 答案A absence14.A disturbB restoreC excludeD yield 答案D yield15.A modelB practiceC virtueD har
11、dship 答案C virtue16.A trickyB lengthyC mysteriousD scarce 答案D scarce17.A demandsB standardsC qualitiesD threats 答案A demands18.A ignoredB tiredC confusedD starved 答案B tired19.A offB againstC behindD into 答案D into20.A technologicalB professionalC educationalD interpersonal答案B professionalSection II Rea
12、ding ComprehensionPart ADirections： Read the following four texts . Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points） Text 1 Every Saturday morning， at 9 am， more than 50，000 runners set off to run5km around their local park. The Parkrun
13、phenomenon began with a dozen friendsand has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free，staffed bythousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents； theirtimes range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to anhour. Parkrun is succeedi
14、ng where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten yearsago on Monday， it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would bein London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games wouldbe to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population wouldbe fitter
15、，healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The numberof adults doing weekly sport did rise， by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster. Worse， the numbers are nowfalling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing
16、 atleast two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adultsand children . Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to“inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers. Parkun is not a race but a time trial： Your only competitor is the clock.
17、 Theethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer beingclapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders， bycontrast ， wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more eliteathletes. The dual aim was mixed up： The stress on success
18、 over taking part wasintimidating for newcomers. Indeed， there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in theplanning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”， concept as community sportsassociations. If there is a role for government， it should really be getting involvedin providing
19、common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and themoney to pave tennis and netball courts， and encouraging the provision of all theseactivities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling greenspaces， squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention
20、 on sport ineducation. Instead of wordy， worthy strategies， future governments need to domore to provide the conditions for sport to thrive . Or at least not make themworse.According to Paragraph1， Parkrun has .A gained great popularityB created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an offi
21、cial festival答案A gained great popularityThe author believes that Londons Olympic“legacy” has failed to .A boost population growthB promote sport participationC improve the citys imageD increase sport hours in schools答案B promote sport participationParkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .A
22、 aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers答案C does not emphasize elitismWith regard to mass sport， the author holds that governments should .A organize “grassroots” sports events B supervise local sports associationsC increase
23、 funds for sports clubsD invest in public sports facilities答案D invest in public sports facilitiesThe authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is .A tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympathetic答案B critical Text 2 With so much focus on childrens use of screens，its easy for parents to
24、 forgetabout their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in，”says JennyRadesky in her study of digital play， “and digital products are there to promotemaximal engagement . It makes it hard to disengage ， and leads to a lot ofbleed-over into the family routine. ” Radesky has studied
25、the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes bygiving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sueddevices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewernonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation， she sawthat
26、 phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking attheir emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world，and if those faces are blank and unresponsiveas they often are wh
27、en absorbed in adeviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “stillface experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it， a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting ona blank expression and not giving them
28、 any visual social feedback ； The childbecomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention.“Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times， but there needs to be abalance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child s verbal ornonverbal expressions o
29、f an emotional need，” says Radesky. On the other hand， Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kidsuse of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parentsshould always be interacting” with their children： “Its based on a somewhatfantasized， very white， very upper
30、-middle-class ideology that says if youre failingto expose your child to 30，000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believesthat just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres novalue to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower， do housework orsimply have a
31、 break from their child. Parents， he says， can get a lot out of usingtheir devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can makethem feel happier， which lets then be more available to their child the rest of thetime.According to Jenny Radesky， digital products are designed to _
32、.A simplify routine mattersB absorb user attentionC better interpersonal relationsD increase work efficiency答案B absorb user attentionRadeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _. A takes away babies appetiteB distracts childrens attentionC slows down babies verbal development D
33、 reduces mother-child communication答案D reduces mother-child communicationRadeskys cites the “still face experiment” to show that _.A it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions B verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange C children are insensitive to changes in their par
34、ents mood D parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs 答案D parents need to respond to childrens emotional needsThe oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_. A protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies B teach their kids at least 30，000 words a year C ensure constant
35、 interaction with their children D remain concerned about kids use of screens 答案C ensure constant interaction with their childrenAccording to Tronick， kids use of screens may_. A give their parents some free time B make their parents more creative C help them with their homework D help them become m
36、ore attentive答案A give their parents some free time Text 3 Today， widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunctionwith increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students tocompletely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all， if everyone y
37、ouknow is going to college in the fall， it seems silly to stay back a year， doesnt it？And after going to school for 12 years， it doesnt feel natural to spend a year doingsomething that isnt academic. But while this may be true， its not a good enough reason to condemn gapyears. Theres always a consta
38、nt fear of falling behind everyone else on the sociallyperpetuated “race to the finish line，” whether that be toward graduate school，medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions， a gapyear does not hinder the success of academic pursuits in fact ， it probablyenhances it. Stu
39、dies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gapyear are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those whodo not. Rather than pulling students back， a gap year pushes them ahead bypreparing them for independence， new responsibilities and environmen
40、tal changes all things that first-year students often struggle with the most . Gap yearexperiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and beingthrown into a brand new environment， making it easier to focus on academics andactivities rather than acclimation blunders. If youre n
41、ot convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to exploreinterests， then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. Accordingto the National Center for Education Statistics，nearly 80 percent of college studentsend up changing their majors at least once. This isnt surprising，
42、considering thebasic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understandingof themselves listing one major on their college applications ， but switching toanother after taking college classes . It s not necessarily a bad thing ， butdepending on the school， it can be costly to mak
43、e up credits after switching too latein the game. At Boston College， for example， you would have to complete anextra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department .Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.One of the reas
44、ons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .A they think it academically misleadingB they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC it feels strange to do differently from othersD it seems worthless to take off-campus courses答案C it feels strange to do differently from othersStudies fr
45、om the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .A keep students from being unrealisticB lower risks in choosing careersC ease freshmens financial burdens D relieve freshmen of pressures答案D relieve freshmen of pressuresThe word “acclimation” （Line 8， Para. 3） is closest in meaning to .A a
46、daptationB applicationC motivationD competition答案A adaptationA gap year may save money for students by helping them .A avoid academic failuresB establish long-term goalsC switch to another collegeD decide on the right major答案D decide on the right majorThe most suitable title for this text would be .
47、A In Favor of the Gap YearB The ABCs of the Gap YearC The Gap Year Comes BackD The Gap Year： A Dilemma答案A In Favor of the Gap Year Text 4 Though often viewed as a problem for western states， the growing frequencyof wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars， saysProfessor Max Moritz， a specialist in