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1、共享知识 分享快乐 盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时宜自勉，岁月不待人。各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2.whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：Do you know the young man(whom)we met at the gate?Mr.Lee(whom)you want to seehas come.3.whose 指人，在定语从
2、句中作定语。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4.which 指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book(which)the teachermentioned yesterday.5.that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：I ve read the newspaperth
3、at(which)carries the important news.Who is the personthat is reading the newspaperover there?6.when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7.where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：This is the housewhere we lived last year.The factory where
4、 his father works is in the east of the city.四.关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.=That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：卑微如蝼蚁、坚强似大象 共享知识 分享快乐 1.只能使
5、用 that,不用 which 的情况：(1)先行词是 all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything 等不定代词时。例如：All that he said is true.(2)先行词被 only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been tothat place.have been to v曾.经到过 (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second(person)that told me the secret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容
6、词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book(that)I have readthis year.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things heremembered.2.只能用 which，不用 that 的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如：The meeting was put off,which was exactly what we wanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：The thing aboutwhich he is talking is of gre
7、at importance.【中考范例】1.(2004 年哈尔滨中考试题)-Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees?-Yes,he does.A.which B.whose C.where D.who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有 who 合适。2.(2004 年常州市中考试题)The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who B.where C.what D.
8、that 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择。因 为先行词是物，而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以只有 that 合适。卑微如蝼蚁、坚强似大象 从句中作主语例如指人在定语从句中作宾语例如指人在定语从句中作定语例如指物在定语从中作主语或宾语例如多指物有时也指人在定语从句中作主语或宾语例如指时间在定语从句中作状语例如指地点在定语从句中作状语例如四关行词紧挨着书写而将介词置于定语从句的后面如五具体使用时还要注意下列问题卑微如蝼蚁坚强似大象只能使用不用的情况先行词是等不定代词时例如共享知识分享快乐先行词被等词修饰时例如曾经到过先行词是序数词或被序数词况在非限制性定语从中例如定语从句
9、由介词关系代词引导先行词是物时例如中考范例年哈尔滨中考试题解析答案该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语所以只有合适年常州市共享知识 分享快乐 3.(2004 年扬州市中考试题)-Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom B.who C.whose D.which 【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有 who 合适。
10、4.(2004 年益阳市中考试题)I hate people _ talk much but do little.A.whose B.whom C.which D.who 【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。因为先行词是人，而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语，所以只有 who 合适。【满分演练】一.单项填空 1.-Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher?-Oh!It s Mr.Baker,our maths teacher.A.he B.that C.whom D.which 2.I hate the peop
11、le _ dont help others when they are in trouble.A.who B.which C.they D.where 3.The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A.which B.when C.who D.whom 4.George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing.A.who B.whom C.he D.which 5.This is the place _I have ever visited.A.there B.whe
12、n C.where D.which 6.Nobody knows the reason _ she didn t come to the meeting.A.that B.which C.why D.when 7.The moon is a world _ there is no life.A.that B.which C.where D.why 8.He has forgotten the day _ he arrived.卑微如蝼蚁、坚强似大象 从句中作主语例如指人在定语从句中作宾语例如指人在定语从句中作定语例如指物在定语从中作主语或宾语例如多指物有时也指人在定语从句中作主语或宾语例如指时
13、间在定语从句中作状语例如指地点在定语从句中作状语例如四关行词紧挨着书写而将介词置于定语从句的后面如五具体使用时还要注意下列问题卑微如蝼蚁坚强似大象只能使用不用的情况先行词是等不定代词时例如共享知识分享快乐先行词被等词修饰时例如曾经到过先行词是序数词或被序数词况在非限制性定语从中例如定语从句由介词关系代词引导先行词是物时例如中考范例年哈尔滨中考试题解析答案该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语所以只有合适年常州市共享知识 分享快乐 A.when B.where C.that D.which 9.He still remembers the days
14、_ he spent with your family.A.when B.where C.that D.on which 10.Mr.White,_ car had been stolen,came to the policeman.A.who B.that C.whose D.which 11.He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation.A.that B.which C.when D.where 12.This is the house _ I want to buy.A.in which B.that C.
15、whose D.where 13.This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A.which B.that C.when D.where 14.He didn t tell me the place _ he was born.A.that B.which C.when D.where 15.He lived in a small village,_ was a long way from the railway station.A.that B.which C.where D.when 三.用适当的关系
16、代词或关系副词填空 1.The house _ we live in is very big.2.The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3.This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4.The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5.He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6.There is nothing in the world _ can
17、 frighten him.7.She wears a gold ring,_ is very uncommon in our class.8.We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9.Is this the place _ your father once lived?10.Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.【练习答案】一.1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.B 三.1.that/wh
18、ich 2.who/that 3.that/which 4.who/that 5.that 6.that 7.which 8.which/that 9.where 10.when 卑微如蝼蚁、坚强似大象 从句中作主语例如指人在定语从句中作宾语例如指人在定语从句中作定语例如指物在定语从中作主语或宾语例如多指物有时也指人在定语从句中作主语或宾语例如指时间在定语从句中作状语例如指地点在定语从句中作状语例如四关行词紧挨着书写而将介词置于定语从句的后面如五具体使用时还要注意下列问题卑微如蝼蚁坚强似大象只能使用不用的情况先行词是等不定代词时例如共享知识分享快乐先行词被等词修饰时例如曾经到过先行词是序数词或被序数词况在非限制性定语从中例如定语从句由介词关系代词引导先行词是物时例如中考范例年哈尔滨中考试题解析答案该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语所以只有合适年常州市