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1、、FT1 * 4 . 课刖 预选/I .单词拼写Section IILanguage Points I （Warming Up & Reading）1. Today an airplane is used sometimes as a means（手段）of advertising.2. He made a lot of money during the property boom（繁荣）.3. It was becoming distinct（明显的）to me that she didnft like me.4. A strong man will bear hardship（困苦）wit
2、hout complaining.5. The majority（大多数）of people believed smoking is harmful to health.6. The unemployment percentage（百分率）keeps rising in the recent financial crisis.7. Taiwan Island and the mainland are separated by the Taiwan Straits（海峡）.8. The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry（部长）announced the news
3、 to the reporters, n.拓展词汇1. majority n.大多数；大半f minority （反义词）少数2. Italy n.意大利f Italian n.& adj.意大利人（的）；意大利语（的）3. racial adj.人种的;种族的f race n.人种；种族4. elect vt.选择;选举f election n.选举5. aircraft n. 飞行器f aircraft （pl.）6. immigrate vi.移入（外国定居）-immigration n.移民；移居入境巧记单词例词规律派生词racialn.去 e+-ialadj.electionv. +
4、 -ion-n.immigrationv.去 e+-ionf n.合成词aircraftn. + n.f n.III .补全短语1. live on继续存在；继续生存；依靠生存2. by means of.用办法;借助3. declare war on/against. 向宣战4. makea life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5. become homet。成为的家园6. keep up坚持;维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）7. suffer在2nL遭受8. in addition而且；除以外（还）21必背句型1 .教材原句Exactly when the first people arrived
5、 in what we now know as California, no one really knows.最早的一批人是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚州地区的，谁也说不清楚。句型点拨what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。佳句赏析In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。2 .教材原句However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand
6、years ago.It is believed that（人们认为）the immigrants have made great contributions to the local economy.然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。句型点拨it is likely that“有可能 ”。佳句赏析Its likely that the conference will be put off because of the weather.这次会议有可能会由于天气原因而被推迟。3 .教材原句Of the first Spanish to go to Californi
7、a, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天 主教。句型点拨修饰序数词，the last, the only等或被这些词限定的名词/代词时，用不定式作定 语。佳句赏析She was the first athlete to win the gold medal in Rio Olympics.她是第一个在里约奥运会上赢得金牌的运动员。4.教材原句It is bel
8、ieved that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的 主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。I句型点拨It is believed that人们认为/相信,其构成为：It+be+过去分词+ that从句。| 佳
9、句赏析It is believed that greenhouse gases are the main causes of global warming.人们认为温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。必研占析单词讲短语解句型在语境中突破在剖析中记忆1. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.(Pl)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。live on继续存在；继续生存；以为食；靠为生写出下列句中live on的含义In order to live on, the lions have t
10、o leave this grassland for another place. 继续生存Our government took measures to make this custom live on.继续存在He found it quite hard to live on the money he earned in the factory. 靠为生A panda lives on bamboo leaves.以为食live through 经历而幸存live up to符合；不辜负(希望)；履行live with 和一起生活；容忍live/lead a . life 过着的生活It
11、is said that the old soldier has lived through two world wars.据说这位老兵经历了两次世界大战。Had shelived up to her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。2. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(P2)然而，可能至少在15
12、 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。its likely that . = sbJsth.be likely to do sth.“做某事是可能的”It is likely that the weather will be fine tomorrow.=The weather is likely to be fine tomorrow.明天天气可能会很晴朗。辨析Ilikelypossibleprobable常用于it is probable that句型中Would it be possible for me to leave a message for her?我可以给她留个口讯吗？
13、Its likely/probable/possible that they will come back next week.他们可能下周回来。3. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. (P2)科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡 到达美洲。means n.方法；手段(单复数同形)(l)a
14、 means of的方法means of production/transport/communication生产工具/运输工具/通信手段(2)by means of 用，依靠；通过by all means无论如何；当然可以(口语)by no means 绝对不；无论如何都不(用于句首，句子要倒装)(DCars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life.小汽车已经成为一种流行的运输工具，给我们的生活带来很多方便。(2015重庆高考书面表达)By means of contro
15、lled release, I can deliver my books to some specific person.通过定向发放，我能把我的书送给某个特别的人。However we are in a hurry, we should by no means go through the red light.f However we are in a hurry, by no means should we go through the red light.无论我们多么匆忙，我们决不要闯红灯。点津当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语若有every, each
16、, one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。Every possible means has been tried (try), but none works.=All possible means have been tried (try), but none works.所有可能的办法都已经尝试过了，但没有一种奏效。4. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to tea
17、ch the Catholic religion to the natives.(P2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。majority n.大多数；大半(常与the连用)(l)in a/the majority 占大多数a/the majority of 大多数by/with a majority of 以大多数(2)minority n.少数in the minority 占少数(2015浙江高考书面表达)When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respec
18、t the opinion of the majority.当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃我的意见并尊重大多数人的意见。Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are inthe majority.委员会成员中赞成这项计划的占大多数。点津 the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。J复数名词+复数谓语动词丘majW)寸不可数名词+单数谓语动词Among the trade union leaders, the majority is/are (be) against t
19、he proposal put forward at the meeting.在工会领导中，大多数不支持会议上提出的建议。5. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. (P2)有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生Many young people are going to big cities to make a life f
20、or themselves.许多年轻人去大城市里谋生。make/earn a/ones living 谋生lead/live a . life 过着生活come to life变得活跃起来come (back) to life 苏醒过来bring . (back) to life 使苏醒；使生动lose ones life 失去生命We should lead/live a low-carbon life in order to protect our earth.为保护我们的地球，我们应该过一种低碳生活。The whole class came to life the moment they
21、 heard the bell ring, announcing a break.一听到休息的铃响时，整个班活跃起来了。6. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society. (P2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社 会了。elect v.选择；决定做某事；选举某人Like men, women have the right to el
22、ect and to be elected.女性享有和男性平等的选举权和被选举权。(l)elect sb. (as/to be). 选举某人为elect to do sth.选择或决定做某事(2)election n.选举；当选；推举(2015陕西高考书面表达)Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.止匕外，我英语掌握得如此好以至于我被选举为英语课代表。We wonder who will win the next election (
23、elect).我们都想知道下届选举谁会获胜。点津在“elect sb. +职务”表达中，表示职务的名词不加冠词。这类名词常见的有 monitor, mayor (市长)，chairman, president, captain, head, dean (系主任)等。He was elected chairman of the Labour Party for the second time.他第二次当选为工党主席。7. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage ha
24、ve chosen to stay in the Chinatowns“ of Los Angeles and San Francisco.(P2)今天，加利福尼亚州各地都有美籍华人居住，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉 矶和圣弗朗西斯科的“唐人街”里。 percentage n.百分比；百分率What percentage of his income is taxable?他收入的百分之多少需要纳税？A large percentage of the crop was spoiled in the disaster last year.去年的灾害中，大部分的庄稼被毁。A small pe
25、rcentage of the workers are unskilled.少数工人是非熟练工。一The percentage of unskilled workers is small.非熟练工的比例很小。一点津(1) a percentage of +机”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词保持一致。(2)percentage放在the后作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。辨析percent表示“百分之”，相当于“”，其前面往往是一个具体的数字percentage表示“百分比；百分率”，前面不能是具体数字，只能被high, low修饰，提问 一般用what8.1n 1911 immigran
26、ts from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. (P2)1911年，丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)；跟上；继续做 写出下列句中keep up的含义The ancient custom of well-dressing is still kept up in those villages.沿袭(风俗、传统等) We are very anxious to keep up the rep
27、utation of the Enn.保持By studying hard she managed to keep up.赶上The rain has been keeping up for two days and the roads are flooded.持续Keep up the good work.继续做keep up with 跟上;与保持同步keep on (doing sth.)继续(做某事) keep away from 不靠近/远离keep off 不靠近；远离；勿踩；勿踏 keep back 阻止；保留；隐瞒 keep out of (使)不进入I told the ch
28、ildren to keep away from the fire, but they wouldn*t listen. 我告诉孩子们远离火源，但他们不听。9. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.(P3)人们相信，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不
29、可能存在一种明显的 主要种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。本句中用了 “It is believed that+主语句型。该句型可与“主语+be believed to do sth.结构互换，意为“人们相信/据信”。能用于此结构的动词还有：say, know, report, believe, think, expect, consider, suppose 等。It is believed that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.=Reading is believed to increase our
30、 knowledge and broaden our mind. 人们相信阅读增长我们的知识、拓宽我们的视野。点津(1) It is suggested/hoped that不能转换成“主语+ be+过去分词+to do”结构。(2)在“主语 + be+said/expected.+todo”结构中，不定式的形式取决于它与谓语动作发 生的先后关系。之后或几乎同时发生，常用一般式(todo);强调同时发生时还可用进行式(tobe doing);之前发生用完成式(to have done)。It is said that she works as an actress.=She is said t
31、o work as an actress.(做演员与据说同时发生) 据说她现在是个演员。It is said that Tom went abroad last week.=Tom is said to have gone abroad last week.(出国发生在据说之前) 据说汤姆上周已出国了。It is reported that the UFO was flying from the west to the east when people saw it.= The UFO is reported to be flying from the west to the east whe
32、n people saw it.(飞行和据报 道同时发生)据报道，人们看见那个不明飞行物时，它正从西向东飞。演练 提熊当堂达标测试固基础课下过关检测提能力”后Ff在I1. 单句语法填空1. The government announced additional rules on immigration (immigrate).2. . People of different races have different racial customs, (race)3. Her election (elect) to the board of directors caused great surpr
33、ise.4. Every possible meanshas been used (use) to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.5. One third the countiy is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people, (be)6. In addition, many people died of the diseases brought (bring) by the Europeans.7. We can of
34、ten see the noticekeep off the grass,9in the street or park.8. In my opinion, it is not so helpful to give someone some bread as it is important to teach him how to make a life.9. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened.10. It is likely that she will ring me tonight.11. .
35、完成句子1. The reason whyhc didn*t attend the meeting on time was that he was caught in the traffic. 他没有按时来开会的原因是他堵车了。2. It is suggested that the sports meeting (should)be pul off for the bad weather.天气不好，有人建议推迟运动会。3. The next person to attend the meeting is Mr Baker.下一个参加会议的是贝克先生。4. The policeman died
36、for the people but his spiritslive on.那位警察为人民而牺牲了，但他的精神永存。5. . By no means is this a good way to solve the problem.这决非是解决这一问题的好办法。111. 一句多译1 .报纸报道说昨天这家银行被抢劫了。It is reported in the newspaper that the bank was robbed yesterday.The bankisreported to have been robbed yesterday according to the newspaper
37、.2.据说罗伯特去年到国外学习了，但我不知道他是在哪个国家学习的。(Pit is said that Robert studied abroad last year, but I don*t know which country he studied in. Robertis said to have studied abroad last year, but I dont know which country he studied in. 3.她很可能会成功，因为她聪明又勤奋。It is likely that she will succeed,for she*s clever and ha
38、rd-working(2)She is likely to succeed,for shes clever and hard-working.IV .课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。California is the third 1 .largest (large) state in the USA but has the largest population. It is the most multicultural state in the US. This is not 2.surprising (surprise) when yo
39、u know the history of California 3.which has attracted people from nearly every country in the world. No one really knows what time the first 4,settlers (settle) arrived in 5.what we now know as California. The scientists believe that the Native Americans reached Alaska 6,by means of a land bridge.I
40、n the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the 7.majority (major) were religious men. In 1848, gold was discovered in California and the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. In fact, few achieved their dream, but m
41、ost remained in California to make a life for themselves. In more recent decades, California 8.has become (become) home to people from is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be 10.so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups.对应学生课下能力提升（二月I .根据提示写出单词的正确形式1. Gradu
42、ates from Tsinghua University have distinct（明显的）advantage when applying for jobs in famous companies.2. The majority（大多数）of people interviewed prefer watching TV to listening to radio.3. The most popular means（方式）of transportation are bikes and buses.4. The boom（繁荣）in building has resulted in the lo
43、cal land being more valuable now for houses.5. . We have only a small percentage（百分比）of foreign books.6. Rising food prices caused great hardship（困苦）for most of the people.7. The ship passed through the strait（海峡）between two islands.8. A new law has been brought in to discourage racial （race） prejud
44、ice.9. Only about 20 of the people voted in the local government election （elect）.10. There are strict controls on immigration （immigrate） into this country.n .选词填空a large percentage of, in the majority, make a life, keep up, declare war on/against, live on, in addition1. You*re required to practise
45、 playing basketball five hours a day. Inaddition,strength training exercises are recommended at least twice a week.2. The trapped coal miners had to live on water for a week before they were rescued.3. As is known to all, Germany declaredwar on/against Poland in 1939.4. Walking alone in the dark, th
46、e boy whistled tokeep up his courage.5. . Some people from the country find it hard to make a life in big cities.6. In this club, young women members are in the majority, so men have not much right to decide on things.7. A large percentage of school books now have pictures, so they look more attract
47、ive.III .完成句子1. The local army men helped the victims of the earthquake by means of rebuilding their houses.当地的军人用重建房屋的办法帮助震区灾民。2. The picture reminded me of what I had experienced in the village.这幅画使我想起了我在那个村子里的经历。3. I know you find the subject difficult, butthat is why you should work harder at it.我知道你感到这门学科困难，但这就是你要更加努力钻研它的理由。4. It is widely believed that the virus originally came from the monkeys.人们普遍认为这种病毒最初来自猴子。5. Having finished the letter,he folded it and put it into the envelo