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1、河南省信阳高级中学2022.2023学年高三下期03月测试（二）英语试题注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、
2、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How long does it take to travel to London by bus?A. One hour.B. More than one hour.C. Less than one hour.2. How does the woman feel about the letter?A. Sorry.B Surprised.C. Glad.3. What is the man doing?A. Driving a car.B. Taking a walk.C.
3、 Running on the road.4. Who is Janet?A. A student.B. A teacher.C. An office worker.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们所吃的东西与地球的健康息息相关，研究人员将两者结合起来 进行研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 u Many foods good for peoples health were also relatively gentle on the environment.（许多有益于人们健康的食物对环境也相对温和）”可知，最近研究发现的好事是健康的食物往 往对环境无害。故选C。【9题详
4、解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Not surprisingly, beans, vegetablesnot those grown in greenhouses, though -and some sustainably fanned seafood like catfish fell in what they termed the “green zone. uAmber zone foods, like milk, egg-based foods, and greenhouse-grown vegetables balanced health and environmental costs.
5、“Red” zone foods, which included beef, pork, lamb and processed meats, had high health and environmental cosls.（亳不奇 怪，豆类、蔬菜一一不是温室里种植的蔬菜一一以及一些可持续养殖的海鲜，如绘鱼，都落入了他们所说 的“绿色”地带。“琥珀色”区域食品，如牛奶、鸡蛋类食品和温室蔬菜，平衡了健康和环境成本。包括 牛肉、猪肉、羊肉和加工肉类在内的“红”区食品的健康和环境成本很高）”可知，豆类和蔬菜处于“绿 色”地带，健康和环境成本最低。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “We
6、dont all have to adopt a vegetarian diet overnight,he says. Small changes can make big impacts.（“我们不必在一夜之间都吃素，”他说。“微小的改变可以产生巨大的影响。可知，Olivier Jolliet认为食物选择的微小改变可以带来很大的影响。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 MFor years, health researchers focused on their priorities and environmental scientists on theirs, and the i
7、ssues were considered （o be separate. But it became increasingly obvious （hat what we eat is closely connected with planetary heahh.（多年来，卫生研究人员专注于他们的优先事项，环境科学家专注于 他们的，这些问题被认为是分开的。但越来越明显的是，我们所吃的东西与地球的健康息息相关）”以及文 章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人们所吃的东西与地球的健康息息相关，研究人员将两者结合起来进行研 究，所以“同时看两件事”可以作为文章标题。故选B。DHow people work o
8、ut （he meanings of new words has been revealed by Lancaster University researchers, who say this is similar to the way in which young children learn language.“Babies often hear long streams of words like whos a lovely baby, yes you are now wheres teddy gone, oh look here is teddy”. How do they make
9、sense of this burbling (语无伦次)to figure out the language? said ProfessorPatrick Rebuschat, (he lead researcher.There are two problems about language that young children have to solve: 1) they need to work out which sounds group together to fonn words and what these words mean: 2) they need to underst
10、and how those words go together in sentences.To be able to acquire the meanings of words, the child needs to know what role they play in the sentence: is the word “teddy” about a thing, or what the thing is doing, or something else?The researchers tested how people learned new words and sentences by
11、 giving adults an artificial language to learn. They invented a language spoken by aliens (夕卜星人)and showed people sentences in alien language alongside scenes showing aliens carrying out different actions.Over time, learners were able to acquire the words meanings and their roles in the scenesthe na
12、mes of the aliens, their colors, and the actions they were doing.Learners do this by keeping track of all the associations between words and different aspects of the scenes across many learning trials before narrowing down to focus on those associations that are reliable. This method is similar to h
13、ow young children learn.Professor Rebuschat said, “So, when you say a sentence including teddy, very often babys teddy bear will be nearby and in view.When this occurs repeatedly over time, the child is able to figure out from look at teddy that 4teddy means that cute brown thing.“Wc knew children a
14、nd adults can use this learning process to acquire individual words and very limited language. But it was remarkable to witness our participants could use this process to learn a highly complex language with considerable speed. It shows the power of humans ability to keep track of all kinds of possi
15、ble links between language and the world.M12. Which of the following helps a young child understand a sentence?A. Working out how a word is spelled.B. Identifying words that arc closely related.C. Picking out words that are easy to understand.D. Listening carefully to how a word is pronounced.13. Wh
16、y were the adults given an artificial language to learn in the study?A. To make sure they hadnt heard it before.B. To test (heir ability to learn an alien language.C. To see how they would react to a new language.D. To make a comparison between adults and children.14. What is emphasized about the le
17、arning process in the last paragraph?A. The process applies to a complex language.B. The process helps both children and adults.C. The process helps to acquire individual words.D. The process works well with a simplcslanguagc. 15. What does the text focus on?A. Different ways to acquire language.B.
18、The natural way to acquire language.C. The development in language learning.D. The process of children learning language.【答案】12. B 13.A14.A 15. B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者证明学习语言是一种天然的能力，通过实验证明，成年 人学习语言和小孩学习语言一样，都是一种天然的能力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ihey need to understand how those words go together in se
19、ntences.（他们需要理 解这些字是如何形成句子的）”可知，识别出紧密联系的单词会帮助孩子理解句子，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段 “The researchers tested how people learned new words and sentences by giving adults an artificial language to learn.（研究者通过让成年人学习一门人JS语言来测试他们如何学习新的单词和 句子）”可推知，在研究中，成年人被要求学一门人工语言是为了确保他们没听过这些词和句子，从而测试 他们学习新单词和句子的能力，故选A。14题详解】细
20、节理解题。根据文章最后一段But it was remarkable to witness our participants could use this process to learn a highly complex language with considerable speed.（但值得注意的是,我们的参与者可以利用这个过程 以相当快的速度学习非常复杂的语言）”可知，最后一段中，关于学习过程，其强调的是这个过程适用于复 杂的语言，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段How people work out the meanings of new words has been
21、 revealed by Lancaster University researchers, who say this is similar to the way in which young children leamIanguage.（Lancaste大学的研究者揭露了人们如何弄清楚单词的意思，他们说，这个过程就和孩子学习语言 的过程一样）”可推知，文章主介绍了学习语言的自然方式。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。According to a study by the U. S. Departmen
22、t of Education, families choose homeschooling over public schools for three primary reasons. Nearly half of homeschooling parents said they could give their children a better education at home. Thirty-eight percent cited religious reasons. 16Like many homeschool parents. Certain and her husband, Ran
23、dy, are college graduates. They said they did not have the money to send their children to private school in the Los Angeles area where they lived. 17 And Certain also wanted her children to learn to read using phonics （拼读，去）.18 She began homeschooling her three children because she felt they werent
24、 learning what she thought they should learn. remember helping our daughter, Danielle, with her homework when I realized that she wasnt reading any of the classics in literature, said Certain. was breaking my heart to see that she was missing out on some very important elements that should have been
25、 in her cducation.Certain said it takes more than good intentions to homeschool. Homeschooling is a 19 For Certains family, homeschooling meant Certain had spiritual calling,“ she said, to quit her job.In addition to teaching her children at home, Certain joined other parents in a homeschooling supp
26、ort group and attended conferences and other homeschooling events. People say that homeschooled children are not learning how to relate socially with their peers （同龄人）but that is just not true,“ she said.4420A. Randy shared the same idea as Certain.B. Certain believed she could do a better job.C. 1（
27、 is a big sacrifice both of yourself and financially fbr your family.D. Others considered their local schools learning environments poor.E. They were also concerned about the safety of their children at public school.F. My children are as active in dance, soccer and other activities as those at publ
28、ic schools.G. A small number of parents were still considering whether to teach their children at home.【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一对美国父母选择让孩子在家上学，并介绍了这样做的原因、代价 以及影响。【16题详解】上文 u Nearly half of homeschooling parents said they could give their children a better education at
29、home. Thirtyeight percent cited religious reasons.（近一半在家上学的孩子的父母表示，他们可以在家里给孩子更好的教 育。38%的人提到了宗教原因）”说明不同家庭选择在家上学的原因，D项“其他人认为当地学校的学习环 境很差”与上文并列，继续说明其他人选择在家上学的原因，符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】上文 “They said they did not have the money to send （heir children to private school in the Los Angeles area where ihey lived.（他
30、们说，他们没有钱把孩子送到他们居住的洛杉矶地区的私立.学校）”说明瑟瑟和兰迪夫 妇不把孩子送去私立学校的原因，E项中They指代瑟瑟和兰迪夫妇，E项“他们还担心孩子在公立学校的 安全”说明夫妇两人不把孩子送去公立学校的原因，与上文并列，说明夫妇两人选择不送孩子去学校，让 孩子在家上学的原因，符合题意。故选E。【18题详解】卜文 “She began homeschooling her three children because she felt they werent learning what she thought they should learn.（她开始在家教育她的三个孩子，因为她
31、觉得他们没有学到她认为应该学的东西）”说明瑟瑟选 择自己在家教育三个孩子，B项“瑟瑟相信她可以做得更好”引出下文，说明瑟瑟选择自己教育孩子的原 因，符合题意。故选B。【19题详解】下文“For Certains family, homeschooling meant Certain had spiritual calling,M she said, to quit her job.（对瑟 瑟的家人来说，在家上学意味着瑟瑟有精神上的召唤，”她说，并辞去了工作）”说明瑟瑟辞去工作，并且 自身具有精神上的意志，才可以在家教育孩子，C项“这对你自己和家庭经济上来说都是一个巨大的牺 牲”引出下文，符合题
32、意。故选C。【20题详解】上文 u People say that homeschooled children are not learning how to relate socially with their peers but that is just not true,（人们说在家上学的孩子没有学习如何与同龄人建立社交关系，但事实并非如此）”说明人们认为在 家上学的孩子没有学习如何与同龄人建立社交关系，但是这并不是事实，F项“我的孩子和公立学校的孩 子一样活跃在舞蹈、足球和其他活动中”以瑟瑟的孩子为例，说明在家上学的孩子也可以与同龄人建立社 交关系，符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用（
33、共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。8-year-old Amanda visited her grandmother in Southern Illinois. 21 going to a store or a movie theater as some families did, she and Grandma headed for the kitchen with a pile of stamped envelopes from the 22 weeks mail.Shed put
34、 water in the 23and wed soak（浸泡）the stamps off three or four envelopes at a time,”Amanda remembers. And she discovered a 24 for art that inspires the line, color, and feeling of the work she 25 today as a professional artist.Some people collect stamps because, in the middle of a 26 lite in a chaotic
35、（混乱的）world, it gives them a sense that at least one part of their lives is 27 and makes them feel a bit relaxed, while others collect for a sense of accomplishment, or as a way to 28 history.In Amandas case, it was the visual 29 of the stamps that first caught her attention. But it wasnt until Amand
36、a had soaked stamps off 3（X）0 envelopes in the family bathtub one day that her family realized how 30 she was. Her father 31 to take her to a meeting of a local stamp club, where she saw- stamps featuring 32 bv great artists. suddenly realized I was in a whole new world J she says.She began getting
37、to know experienced collectors at the stamp club. uThcy were always 33 me whether it was about stamp facts or the history 34 on the stamps,“ she says. It was a wondcrfiil way tobuild 3521. A. Because ofB. Regardless ofC. Rather thanD. More than22. A. nextB. additionalC. followingD. previous23. A. cu
38、pboardB. bowlC. pipeD. bag24. A. passionB. ruleC. pointD. principle25. A. collectsB. studiesC. createsD. copies26. A. comfortableB. stressfulC. normalD. new27. A. fixedB. occupiedC. organizedD. shared28. A. connect withB. deal withC. comment onD. pass on29. A. explanationB. informationC. appealD. kn
39、owledge30. A. generousB. energeticC. confidentD. serious31. A. hopedB. decidedC. continuedD. needed32. A. descriptionsB. guidanceC. messagesD. images33. A. invitingB. accompanyingC. callingD. educating34. A. representedB. discoveredC. developedD. proved35. A. businessB. relationshipsC. networksD. re
40、putations【答案】21.C 22. D23. B 24. A25. C 26. B 27. C28. A 29. C 30. D 31B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了 Amanda从小和祖母一起将信封上的邮票浸泡下来，家人发下了她对邮 票的热爱，父亲就将她带到了当地集邮俱乐部，在那里她对世界有了全新的认识，并与那些专业集邮者建立 了联系。21题详解】考杳短语词义辨析。句意：没有像一些家人一样去购物或者看电影，她和祖母带着一堆前几周邮箱里的信 封往厨房走去。A. Because of 因为；B. Regardless of 不管，
41、不顾；C. Rather than 而不是；D. More than 比多。根据后文 “she and Grandma headed for the kitchen with a pile of stamped envelopes fromthe 2 weeksmail.”可知,此处指她们不是出去购物，故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. next接下来的；B. additional额外的；C. fo形容ng接下来的;D. previous之前的。根据空前“wiih a pile of stamped envelopes from ihe”可知，此处指拿着一堆前几周的信
42、封去到厨房，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Amanda记得：“她把水放进碗里，我们一次会把三四个信封上的邮票浸泡 掉。 A. cupboard 橱柜；B. bowl 碗；C. pipe 管道；D. bag 袋子。根据后文的 “and wed soak（浸泡）the stamps off （hree or four envelopes al a lime,可知，此处指把水装进碗里，然后将信封上的邮票浸泡掉，故 选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她发现了对艺术的热情，激发了她作为艺术家创作艺术作品的线条、颜色和感 觉。A. passion 热情;B. rule 规则;C.
43、 point 点,地步；D. principle 原则，准则。根据空后for art that inspires the line, color, and feeling of the work”可知,此处指她发现了对艺术的热情,故选Ao【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. collects收集；B.sludies研究,学习;C. creates创作;D. copies复 制。根据空后“as a professional artist.”可知,此处指她作为专业艺术家创作作品，故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些人收集邮票是因为在这个混乱也:界中，生活压力大，集邮能给
44、他们一直 至少他们生活的一部分是有序的，让他们感觉到有点放松，然而其他人集邮是因为一种成就感，或者将集 邮当作一种与历史联系的方式。A. comfortable舒适的；B. stressful有压力的；C. normal正常的；D. new新 的。根据后文“makes them feel a bit relaxed”可知,此处指在充满压力的生活里,故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. fixed固定的；B. occupied占据的；C. organized有组织的,有序 的;D. shared分享的。根据前文“in a chaotic（混乱的）world”可知，此处指在这
45、个混乱的世界,集邮可以 让他们感觉到生活的一部分是有序的，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. connecl with与联系；B. deal with处理；C. comment on对作出评论；D.passon传递。根据空后“history”可知，此处指集邮可以让他们了解历史，作为一种联系历史 的方式，故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:首先引起她注意的是邮票的视觉吸引力。A. explanation解释:B. informationfg 息;C. appeal吸引力;D. knowledge知识。根据后文“that first caught her atten
46、tion.可知,此处指邮票的 视觉吸引力引起了她的注意，故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是直到Amanda 一天在家里的浴缸里从3000个信封上浸泡下来邮票，她的 家人才意识到她对邮票有多认真。A. generous慷慨的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. confident有信心的；D. serious 认真的。根据前文 “it wasnt until Amanda had soaked stamps off 3000 envelopes in the family bathtub one day that可知，此处指直到Amanda 一天在家里的浴缸里从3000个
47、信封上浸泡下来邮票，她的家人才 意识到她对邮票有多认真，有多喜欢，故选D。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲决定带她去到当地集邮俱乐部，在那里她看到了以伟大艺术家形象为 主题的邮票。A. hoped 希望；B. decided 决定；C. continued 继续；D. needed 需要。根据空后 “to take her to a meeting of a local stamp club, where she saw stamps featuring 12 by great artists. ” 可知，此处指爸爸决 定将她带去集邮俱乐部，故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。
48、句意:同上。A. descriptions描述;B. guidance指导;C. message信息;D. images画 像，形象。根据空后“by great artists”可知，此处指以伟大艺术家形象为主题的邮票，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说道：“他们总是在教导我一一不管是关于邮票还是邮票上呈现的历史知 识，这是一个建立联系的很好的方式。 A. inviting邀请；B. accompanying陪伴;C. calling呼喊；D. educating 教育，教导。根据后文 “whether it was about stamp facts or the history 14 on the stamps,” 可 知，此处指俱乐部专业的集邮员教她关于邮票的知识，或者是邮票上的历史知识，故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. represented呈现,展