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1、新概念英语第二册 Lesson 53Hot snake触 电的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the gr
2、ound carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power lin
3、e. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately st
4、arted a fire.【课文翻译】At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. 消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.从那时起，他们一直试图找出起火的原因。Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.森林火灾时常由破碎的
5、玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起。Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass.昨天，消防队员仔细查看了地面，但未能发现碎玻璃。They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的。This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.然而今天上午，一
6、个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因。He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.他发现了缠绕在16, 000伏高压线上的一条死蛇。In this way, he was able to solve the mystery.就这样，他解开了起火之谜。The explanation was simple but very unusual.解释很简单，却异乎寻常。A bird had snatched up the snake from the
7、 ground and then dropped it on to the wires.前一句的短语In this way是“用这种方法”，本句需要选一个同这一短语含义相符合 的短语a Thats so就是如此b. like this像这样d.so因此，这3个选择都不符合题目意 思.只有c.Thats how（那就是.的方法）同In this way的含义相符合，因为how相当于the way in which，所以选 c.12.ca. taken（拿），b. pulled（拉,拖）,c. seized（抓住）和 d. carried（携带）4 个选择中只有 c. seized同前一句的sna
8、tched（抓住）意义相同,所以选c.一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来，然后把它扔到了电线上。The snake then wound itself round the wires.于是蛇就缠住了几根电线。When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 当它这样做时，把火花送到了地面，这些火花立刻引起了一场大火。New Word and expressions 生词和短语hot aoy.带电的，充电的fireman。.消防队员cause c引起；g原因examine v.检查a
9、ccidentally adv.意外地，偶然地remains。.尸体，残骸wire ”电线volt .伏特(电压单位)power line电力线solve iz.解决mystery n.谜snatch忆抓住spark ,电火花详解语法 Grammar in use1 . At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.消防队员们终于扑 灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。(1) at last (终于，到底)表示经过一番努力之后。(2) put out可以表示“扑灭”、“熄灭，“关掉”等含义：Please put the li
10、ght/ fire out.请把灯关掉/把火灭掉。(3) forest虽然是名词，但在句中起形容词的作用，修饰fire。2 . .they have been trying to find out how the fire began他们一直试图找出起火的原因。(1)短语动词find out表示经过研究、努力等“发现”、“找出”、“查出”：Fil try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.我将设法查出昨天救我命的那个人的姓名。2 2) how the fire began是find out的宾语，它是
11、一个由疑问词how引导的名词 从句。3 . They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.他们还十 分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的。(1) start作及物动词时可以表示“使发生”、引起”。(2)be sure后面跟的是名词从句。that引导的这个名词从句也可以写成that the fire was not started by a cigarette endo但这里强调的是引起火灾的原因(不是碎玻 璃或烟头)，所以用烟头作主语。4 . .a fireman accidentally discovere
12、d the cause一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因。discover本身含有偶然发现(某个已经存在的东西)的含义：I dont know who discovered America.我不知道谁发现美洲的。在discover前面加上accidentally更加强了“偶然”、“意外”的含义。5 .He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.他发现了缠绕在16, 000伏高压线上的一条死蛇。(1) the remains表示“尸体”、
13、“残骸”，必须用复数形式：The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.村民们惊讶地发现湖边有一架飞机的残骸。(2) wound为wind的过去分词。wind在这里不表示“蜿蜒”，而表示“卷在上”、“缠绕”，常与around / round连用：Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree?是你把这根铁丝缠在树上的吗？(3) wire指具体的电线、铁丝等，line在这里指“线路”，含义比wire广。6 . When it did so当它
14、这样做时s。常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免重复一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，现在完成时则有时与表示一 段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间 的状语连用，有时与all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用 状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在 完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。词汇学习 Word study1 . throwthrow作及物动词主要含义为“投，“掷，“抛二“扔”。当它与不同的介词或副 词连用时，其意义会稍有变化。
15、throw away表示“扔掉”、“丢弃；throw at表示对准 某一目标扔；throw to则表示扔给（某人）：Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.许多人随手乱扔香烟头。Shall I throw this old newspaper away?我把这旧报纸扔掉好吗？Dont throw stones at the dog/ the window.别对着狗/窗子扔石头。I threw the ball to John but Tom caught it.我把球扔给约翰，但汤姆接住了球。2 . cause 与 reason（1）
16、cause作名词时最重要的含义是“原因”、“起因”：A fireman accidentally discovered the cause of the fire.一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因。Do you know the cause of the war?你知道这场战争的起因吗？ （cause通常与of连用）cause作动词时可以表示“使产生/发生，“引起”：Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or cigarette ends.森林火灾时常由碎玻璃或香烟头引起。What caused the accident?事故是如何造成的？
17、（2） reason作名词时最重要的含义是“理由二“原因”：Give me your reasons for going there.请告诉我你去那里的理由。What was the reason for the delay?延迟的原因是什么？作“原因”讲时，reason与cause可以互相交换使用，但reason与介词for连用， 而cause则与介词of连用:What was the cause of the delay?（译文同上）reason后面通常跟why引导的从句：That was the reason why the meeting was put off.这就是会议推迟的原因。
18、reason作动词时表示“推理”、“劝导”、“说服”等：How can you reason with him when he is so worried?他现在如此担心，你怎么能劝得了他？（3） . drop 与 falldrop既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，表示“（使）掉下“（使）落下“、放 下”：As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it.当他走过那棵树时，一个苹果从树上掉了下来。The waiter dropped a fork.那侍者掉了一把叉子。He dropped the bag on the floor.他把包放在
19、地板上。fan通常为不及物动词，表示“落下”、“（雨、雪）下”、“降”、“跌倒”、“摔倒”：I fell and hurt myself.我摔倒了并受了伤。Please hold the vase and dont let it fall.请拿住这花瓶，别让它倒了。When leaves fall in autumn, Ill come back.秋天叶落时，我就会回来。习题1. Firemen examined the ground carefully because they.a. were looking for cigarette endsb. were looking for bro
20、ken glassc. wanted to find out what had caused the fired. were looking for a snake2. The fire had been caused by.a. a bird which flew on to the wiresb. a snake which climbed on to the wiresc. a bird which was eating a snaked. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires by a birdStructure 句型3. The
21、 firemen have been examining the ground yesterday,a. sinceb. forc. agod. by4. Broken glass often fires.a. is causing b.has causedc. causesd. is caused by5. They were quite sure it wasnt a cigarette end.They were. a. almost certainb. fairly certainc. completely certaind. nearly certain6. He was able
22、to solve the mystery.He.a. could if he wanted tob. could but he didnt want toc.succeeded in solving itd. didnt succeed in solving it7. The bird had snatched the snake from the ground.The snake beentheground.a. atb. fromc. overd. onVocabulary 词汇8. Firemen have put out the fire.They have.a. controlled
23、 itb. checked itc. extinguished itd. turned it off9. Firemen discovered the causea. today morningb. today in the morningc. in the morning todayd. this morning10. They discovered the cause of the fire accidentally.They discovered it.a. by chanceb. chancilyc. fortunatelyd. luckily11. In this way he wa
24、s able to solve the mystery.he did it.a. Thats sob. Like thisc. Thats howd. So12. The bird had snatched up the snake from the ground. It had it. a. takenb. pulledc. seizedd. carried习题答案1 .c根据课文第二行they have been trying to find out how the fire began 可以判断出 只有c. wanted to find out what hadcaused the fi
25、re最能说明消防队员仔细查看地面的原 因，其他3个选择都不够全面。2,d根据课文第 10-12 行 A bird had snatched upthe snake from the ground andthen dropped it on to the wires. . When it I did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire 可以判断只有 d. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires by a bird与课文的实际内容相
26、符，只有它是引起火灾的原因，其他3个选择 都不符合课文的实际内容。3 .a只有a. since最合乎题目意思和语法。因为本句是现在完成进行时，只有since引 导的时间短语最适合于完成进行时态，表示“自从.以来、所以应该选a.其他3个 选择都不能弓I导合适的时间短语。4 .c本句表示时间的词是often,表示经常性的动作，因此应该用一般现在时。a. is causing是进行时,b.has caused是完成时，d.is caused by是现在时被动语态,而本 句需要主动语态。只有C. causes是一般现在时，第3人称单数形式，本句的主语Broken glass是单数，所以c.最符合语法，
27、所以选c.5 .ca. almost certain（几乎肯定），b. fairly certain（相 当 肯定）,pletely certain（完全 肯定）,d. nearly certain（几乎肯定）4个选择中只有c.同前一句中的quite sure（十分确信） 意义最接近，所以选c.6 .c只有 c. succeeded in solving it （成功解决了它）同前一句中的 was able to solve the mystery（解开了这个谜）的含义相同，所以c.是正确答案。其他3个选择都与前一 句意思不符。7 .d只有d.on是对的，因为它后面的词是the ground,
28、表示在地面上，只能用介词on.其他 3个选择都不符合题目意思.The snake had been on the ground.这条蛇在地面上。注意本 句说的是在蛇被抓起之前，它在明B?它在地面上。8 .ca.controlled it （控制了 它）；b.checked it（制止了 它）;c. extinguished it （扑灭了 它）;d. turned it off（关掉,关上它），只有 c.extinguished it 与前面一句中的 put out the fire（把 火扑灭）意义相同，所以选c.9 .d只有d. this morning今天早上，是正确的表达方式.其它3个选择都不符合习惯用 法，都不是正确的表达方式.所以选d.10 . aa. by chance （偶然），b.chancily （没有这个词）;c. fortunately （幸运地）和 d. luckily （侥幸地，幸运地）这4个选择中只有a.by chance同前一句中的accidentally（偶然地）意 义相同，所以选a.ll.c