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1、黑龙江省讷河市拉哈一中2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月月考试题考试时间：100分钟第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分3分）AIn the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem” . To many people the cause is obvious they eat too much. But scientific evidence （证据）does little to support this idea. Going back to Ameri
2、ca of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn t watch television.Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don t eat more on average than thinner peo
3、ple. A 1979 study of 3, 545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim people.Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts: The more the man ran, the greater loss of t
4、he body fat.The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.1. Nowadays many Americans have the problem that .A. they are too slimB. they work too hardC. they are too fatD. they lose too much body fat2. Accord
5、ing to the passage, how many people in 900 Americans have a uweight problem” ?A. 150.B. 300.C. 600.D. 270.3. The Americans in 1910A.ate more food and had more physicalactivitiesB.ateless food but had more physicalactivitiesC. ate less food and had less physical activities【分析】本文是一个幽默故事。文章讲述了四个儿子给母亲送生
6、日礼物，有房子、车子和剧场，母亲 觉得那些都不实用，唯独喜欢小儿子送的鹦鹉，原因是她把鹦鹉当鸡肉吃了，觉得味道不错。 1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，他们一起吃过晚饭后交谈。A. fought打架；B. studied 学习;C. talked交谈;D. slept睡觉。根据下文discussed,可知兄弟四人是在交谈,故 选Co考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们讨论给远在另一座城市的年迈母亲送什么礼物。A. chances 机会；B. gifts礼物；C. options选项；D. challenges挑战。根据下文说送房子，车子 等给母亲，可知这里是礼物，故选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第
7、一个说：“我为妈妈造了一所大房子。 A. big大的；B. warm 暖和的；C. safe 安全的；D. lonely 孤独的。根据下文 the house you built is so huge, 可知这里应该是大房子，故选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三个说：“我给妈妈建了一个漂亮的剧院。 A. station车 站；B. museum博物馆；C. library图书馆；【).theater剧院。根据下文you gave me an expensive building for many people to 13 plays or watch movies in it,可推 断是剧院，
8、故选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到一个商人，他有一只会背很多诗的鹦鹉。A. stories故 事；B. poems诗；C.words话语；I), lyrics歌词。根据上文妈妈喜欢读诗，可知这里意 思是一只会背诗的鹦鹉，故选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他花了 12年的时间训练它说话，他靠出租它来谋生。A. protect 保护；B. approach接近；C. raise饲养；D. train训练。根据上文说鹦鹉可以背诗，可 知这里是训练它说话，故选D。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:听到这一点，其他兄弟对他的好想法印象深刻。A. shocked使 震惊；B. embarrassed使尴尬;C
9、. frightened使惊吓；D. impressed使印象深刻。第四 个儿子为喜欢读诗的母亲找到了一只会背许多诗的鹦鹉，这个想法令其他的兄弟印象深刻， 故选Do考查动词短语辨析。句意：节日过后，他们的母亲给他们寄去了感谢信。A. took out取出； B. put up 张贴；C. sent out 寄出；D. picked up 拾起。根据下文 “her thank-you notes”， 可知是寄出了感谢信，故选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一份累人的工作。A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. tiring 累人的；C. delightful高兴的；D. amusing有趣的
10、。根据上文说的打扫整个房子，可知是 累人的，故选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Marvin,我太老了而不能去旅行了。 A. learn学习；B. work 工作；C. exercise 锻炼；D. travel 旅行。根据下文 “I stay home and have my foods delivered,可推断这里是太老了而不能去旅行了，故选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：我待在家里让别人送食物，所以我永远不会用到车。A. never 永远不；B. often经常；C. regularly规律地；I), sometimes有时。根据上文“我待在家 里让别人送食物”，可知是“永远不会用到车”，故
11、选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很好，尽管不现实。A. talent天才；B. idea想法；C.hobby爱好；D. program节目。根据上文“我待在家里让别人送食物，所以我永远不会 用到车”，可知这个想法很好，但不现实，故选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Michael,你给了我一栋很贵的房子，很多人都可以在里面看 电影或看戏剧，但是我所有的朋友都死了。 A. enjoy欣赏；B. create创造；C. focus 关注；D. record记录。根据“plays or watch movies in it, ”可知这里应是欣赏电影或 者戏剧，故选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我几乎
12、失去了听力并且几乎失明。A. admired钦佩；B. lost 失去；C. remained 遗留；D. ignored 忽视。根据下文的and I m nearly blind，可 知这里应该是失去听力，故选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最亲爱的Melvin,这只鸡味道好极了。A. strange奇怪的； B. unpleasant不愉快的；C. terrible恐怖的；D. delicious美味的。根据上文“The chicken tasted ”可推断这里是美味的，故选D。8. C9. B10. D11. G12. E【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了设定目标的重要性及我们应该怎样设定
13、目标。 16.上文 “Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything you want in life. ”通过问答的形式说明了设定目标的重要性， 可以帮助你去做、成为、体验生活中你想要的一切。承接上文的do, be, and experience everything you want in life.下文应该具体说怎样去实现，C 项 Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow you t
14、o make your life happen,点明了具体做法，目 标不是让生活发生在你身上，而是让你的生活发生在你身上。Instead of与上文转折，引 出下文。故选C。17.上文 “There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind (her goal) which can be found on a way. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. (有两个司机，一个司机心中有目标。她可以直接开到目的地，不会浪费时间，也 不会拐错弯。)
15、是用例子来说明，根据其中的There are two drivers. One可知下文要介 绍另一名司机的情况，B项中的The other与上文呼应，has no goal or destination or map 与上文内容对比。故选B。18.下句They decided what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. （他们决定了他们在生活中想要什么，然后通过制定计划和目标来实现。） 是成功者的具体表现，D 项 Winners in life set goals and follow
16、 through on them.与 下文意思一致，其中 set goals 和上句 decided what they want 意思一致，follow through on them 和 get there by making plans and setting goals 意思一致。故选 D。上文 uGoals aren? t difficult to setand they aren? t difficult to reach. It s up to you to find out what your goals really are. （目标不难设定，也不难实现。你 要自己去发现你真
17、正的目标是什么。）说明了设定目标的重要性，G项You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.（你是刃|S个必 须决定要实现什么目标和生活方向的人。）是对上句的进一步说明，其中what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.是目标的具体内容，You are the one who和上文 It s up to you 呼应。故选 G。上句 Research tells us that when we write
18、 a goal down we are more likely to achieve it.”（研究表明，当我们写下一个目标时，我们更有可能实现它。）说明了把目标写下来的 作用，下文应该说写下目标的好处，E项Written goals can be reviewed regularly, and have more power.（写下的目标可以定期Pl顾，这样更有力量。）符合文意，Written goals 与上句write a goal down意思一致,故选Eo19. valuable20. go21. studies22. But23. that24. danger25. myself2
19、6. patients27. the【分析】本文为记叙文。尽管没有一项研究表明积极的思考可以治愈癌症，作者在患癌症之后依然选 29.考查定冠词。句意：所以我可以睡得很好;因此，我有理由开始写另一本书，并期望能完成 它。分析句子成分可知，9 expectation后跟同位语从句that I will finish it, 意指“带着我要写完它的期待，故expectation为特指，故填the。考查固定搭配。句意：所以，我更喜欢保持快乐和积极。该句使用固定搭配“prefer to do sth”，意为“更喜欢做某事”，该短语中prefer之后跟不定式作宾语，故填to stay。43. C44. A
20、45. D46. A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些与衣服有关的英语表达。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes?（你有没有考虑过包括关于衣服的词的所有英语表 达?）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一些与衣服有关的英语表达。故选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants.（我们有时说紧张的人有蚂蚁
21、在裤子里。）”可知，表示某人紧张可以用“Have ants in one, s pants” 这样的表达。故选 A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段“If you have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.（如果你的钱比往常少,你可能不得不勒紧裤带。）”可知，如果我们 说某人不得不勒紧裤带，意思可能是他缺钱。故选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段 “Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I insta
22、ntly spend it.（当涉及到我自己的钱时，我会毫不 犹豫地把它花掉，这意味着我会立刻把它花掉。）”可知，一有钱就花的人可能不会省钱。 故选Ao43. A44. B45. D46. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何流利地说英语和写英语。细节理解题。根据第一段“The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and liste
23、ning. 可知，你必须记住的最重要的事情是，如果你想提高你的听 说能力，你首先应该掌握读和听的技能。由此可知，读和听力是要首先掌握的技能。故选A 项。细节理解题。根据第二段 “But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentences, the meaning of the unfamiliar words, etc.” 可知，但是你的阅读必须是主动的。这意味着你必须思考句子的意思，不熟悉的单词的意思 等等。由此可知，为了提高你的阅读能力，当你阅读的时候你应该
24、积极思考你正在阅读的内 容。故选B项。主旨大意题。根据第一段“The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. 可知，最重要的是你必须记住，如果你想提高你的口语和写 作技能，你首先应该掌握阅读和听力的技能。所以读和听力是要首先掌握的技能。根据最后,段 “If you follow these pieces of
25、advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.可知，如果你遵循这些建议，你的口语和写作会自动提高，你可以确信只要稍加 努力，它们就会变得完美。由此可知，短文主要是关于如何流利地说英语和写英语的。故选 D项。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to unde
26、rstand all the unfamiliar words you come across, but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them. ” 可知，你不需要太注意语法，也不需要理解你遇到的所有不熟悉的单词，但你第一次看到它 们，一看到就能认出它们。根据后句的“but the fact that you see them for the first time.（但你第一次看到它们）”可知,them指代的是“the unfamiliar words（不熟悉
27、的 词），“come across”和“see”含义相近，结合句意，此处是告诉读者没有必要去理解遇 到的所有的不熟悉的单词，由此推知，come across指“偶然遇到。故选A项。47. Dear Mrs. Zhou,Learning that the Young Volunteers Association are recruiting new members. V m interested in it.As modern students, we should get actively involved in volunteering activities. Volunteering ac
28、tions are of tremendous benefits to both those in need and the society.I can do everything with great patience. Meanwhile, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I m outgoing and energetic, which benefits me in communicating with strangers. More importantly, I would like to
29、take the opportunity to serve our society and put my knowledge into good use.Everything taken into account, I think I m a good fit for the position. I would appreciate it if you could consider my application and offer me the opportunity at your convenience.Yours,Li Hua 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提
30、示可知，假定你是李华，最近学校各社团招新，你对学校青年志愿者协会 （the Young Volunteers Association）的活动感兴趣，请你根据以下内容给青志协负责人 Mrs. Zhou写一封邮件，申请加入青志协、。内容包括：1.对志愿者活动的认识；2.介绍自 己的性格和特长；3,表达期待。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：the Young Volunteers Association （青年志 愿者协会）；recruit （招募）；get actively involved in （积极参与）;be of tremendous benefits （大有裨益）；with g
31、reat patience （以极大的耐心）；organize （组织）；energetic （精 力充沛的）；communicate with （交流）;importantly （重要的是）;would like to do sth.要做某事）;take the opportunity to （借此机会）；put knowledge into good use （学以致用）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点
32、睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如 Volunteering actions are of tremendous benefits to both those in need and the society.运用 “be of+抽象名词”结构；Meanwhile, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I m outgoing and energetic, which benefits me in communicating with stranger
33、s.运用非限制性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式， 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增 色添彩。D. had more problemsBIf you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice. There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must r
34、emember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you should understand the meaning of the sentence. There is no need for you to pay much attentio
35、n to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across, but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example, in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the imp
36、ortant words or sentences in it.As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, and then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs （输入）in y
37、our mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice.For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs
38、 every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect. 4. According to the writer, which
39、should you improve first among the four skills? A. Reading and listening. B. Reading and writing.C. Writing and speaking. D. Speaking and listening.5. To improve your reading, when you read you should.A. look up all the new words in the dictionaryB. think about what you are reading activelyC. spend
40、more time studying grammarsD. set down as many words and sentence as possible6. The passage is mainly about how to .A. choose good listening materialsB. remember new words in readingC. improve your English as quickly as possibleD. become fluent in speaking and writing English7. The underlined phrase
41、 “come across“ in the second paragraph can probably be replaced by （被代替）.A. meet by accident B. discoverC. find on purpose D. look forCA young woman went to her grandmother and told her about her life and how things were so hard for her. She didn t know how she was going to make it and wanted to giv
42、e up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as one problem was solved, a new one would pop up.Her grandmother took her to the kitchen. She filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire, and soon the pots came to boil. In the first pot she placed carrots, in the second she
43、 placed eggs, and in the last she placed ground coffee beans.She let them boil, without saying a word. In about 20 minutes she turned off the burners. She fished the carrots out and asked her granddaughter to feel the carrots they were soft. She pulled the eggs out and break it. After pulling off th
44、e shell, the granddaughter found the hard boiled egg. Then she spooned up the coffee, placed it in a bowl, and invited the granddaughter to sip the coffee. The granddaughter smiled as she tasted its rich smell then asked, “What does it mean, grandmother?v“Carrots, eggs and coffee. ”Her grandmother e
45、xplained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity: boiling water. Each reacted differently. The carrot went in the pot strong and hard.However, after suffering the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg used to be breakable. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid i
46、nner part, but after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were amazing, however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.“Which are you?” the grandmother asked .8. What was wrong with the young woman?A. She is poor in cook.B.
47、 She found life too difficult for her.C. She could not solve a problem. D. She had a fight with her husband.9. What can we infer from the passage?A. The granddaughter loved the coffee most.B. The grandmother asked her granddaughter to take an egg.C. The granddaughter chose to be someone like the cof
48、fee beans.D. One can decides what kind of person he will be.10. The underlined word “adversity“ in Paragraph 5 most probably means .A.situationB.misfortuneC.adventureD.advantage11. What is the best title of the passage?A.Life Is HardB.Change theWorldC.Carrots, Eggs, or Coffee BeansD.To Be YourselfDHave you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Lets have a look.People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants. Some