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1、20222023学年度第二学期高二年级开学考英语考生注意: 1.本试卷分四部分，共8页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2 .答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3 .考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对 应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区 域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4 .本卷命题范围：选择性必修1全册，选择性必修2的Unit4、5o 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你
2、将有两分钟的时间将你的答 案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题海小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman want to change about the shoes?A. The color.B. The size.C. The style.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: What do you think of those sh
3、oes, madam?W: Oh, theyre great! Ive been looking fbr something in this style fbr ages, and the color will match my dress perfectly. However, this pair is a little tight. Do you have the next size up?M: Til go and see.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which city is the womans hometown?A. Los Angeles.B. New York.C
4、. Washington.【答案】C【解析】 在手术中的表现感到骄傲。故选A项。CThe city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders （蝶螺） From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque
5、 Isle Park will be closed, the city announced.Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders5 migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment,said Kathleen Henry, Superior Watershed Partnership （SWP） special projects coordinator （协调员）and education spec
6、ialist. The salamanders spend the cold winter under-ground. Then every spring, they make their way to the water where they lay eggs.It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. We would see thousa
7、nds and thousands of salamanders crossing the street in just one night, Bieri told the Detroit Free Press. It was really amazing until we see cars pass by and squish salamanders. That really troubled me - it kept me awake at night. He enlisted the help of the SWP, who reached out to Marquette city o
8、fficials. Last spring they got the relevant stretch of road within the park temporary closed to evening and overnight vehicular traffic.In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses （尸体）in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. With that success demonstrated, city off
9、icials are doing the same this year. The goal is to apply our science to wildlife management, Bieri said. To be able to see in-person the science applied to successful management practices was very satisfying.9928 Whafs the significance of protecting the salamanders?1. Salamanders can offer great fi
10、nancial benefits to the governments.8. Protecting salamanders can greatly reduce traffic accidents at night.9. Salamanders are a great sign for our environments conditions.10. Salamanders are main food for other living creatures near the sea.29. What does the underlined word “squish“ in paragraph 3
11、mean?A. Avoid.B. Kill.C. Feed.D. Ignore.30. Which word can be used to describe the effect of protecting measure?A. Successful.B. Concerning.C. Insufficient.D. Ridiculous.31. What is a suitable title for the text?A. What Salamanders Mean to UsB. A Proper Way to Protect Our EarthC. Ways to Protect Sal
12、amandersD. A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife【答案】28.C29. B 30. A 31. D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了密执安州的Marquette为了蝶嫄而关闭夜间道路的情况。【28题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段 u Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders9 migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment.（保护蓝斑蛛嫄的迁徙是至关重要的，因为
13、它们是一 种指示物种，可以告知我们环境的健康状况）”可知，蝶嫄是我们环境健康状况的体现者。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. （2018 年,前北密歇根大学学生 Eli Bieri 注意到车 辆正在杀死数百只迁徙的蝶嫄）”可知，此处讲述汽车经过时，会把一些蝶嫄迁徙的蝶嫄压死。由此可知，
14、划线词squish与kill “杀死”意思接近。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses （尸体）in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. （2019年，在封城之前，他们在路上发现了 429只蛛螺尸体。去年， 他们只统计了 3具尸体）”可知，施行道路阶段封闭后，蝶嫄的死亡数量大大降低。由此推知，采取的保护 措施是非常成功的。故选A。31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 “The city of
15、Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders （蛛嫄）.From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced.（密歇根州的马
16、奎 特市每晚都会关闭一段道路，禁止车辆通行，以保护迁徙的蝶蜘。该市宣布，从每天晚上8点到早上8点, 直到4月15日，或者直到迁移完成，普雷斯克岛公园的彼得怀特大道将关闭）”可知，本文主要介绍了为 拯救蛛蜘，政府所采取的夜里12小时道路为汽车关闭的措施。由此可知，A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife（为 野生动物封闭12小时）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。DA scientist in England believes that mushrooms communicate with each other using up to 50 words”. Previous res
17、earch has suggested that fungi （真菌）conduct electrical impulses （脉冲）through long, underground structures called hyphae. It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks, raising the possibility that fungi u
18、se this electrical 6language5 to share information about food or injury with distant parts of themselves, or with hyphae-connected partners such as trees J the Guardian reports.To investigate this further, Andrew Adamatzky, a professor at the University of the West of England, decided to analyze the
19、 patterns of electrical spikes （猛增）generated by four species of fungi enoki, split gill, ghost and caterpillar fungi. The results, published in the peer-reviewed journal Royal Society Open Science, were surprising, to say the least. He found that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of a
20、ctivity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words. And the distribution of these fungal word lengths“ closely matched those of human languages. Assuming that spikes of electrical activity are used by fungi to communicate, we demonstrate that distributions of fungal word lengths match that of human
21、languages； he said. We found that the size of fungal vocabulary can be up to 50 words, however, the core vocabulary of most frequently used words does not exceed 15 to 20 words.”However, Adamatzky also acknowledges that the species could be saying nothing at all. There is also another option - they
22、are saying nothing； he said. Propagating mycelium （繁殖菌丝体）tips are electrically charged, and, therefore, when the charged tips pass in a pair of differential electrodes, a spike in the potential difference is recorded.But whatever these spiking events“ represent, they do not appear to be random, he a
23、dded. That said, we should not expect quick results: we are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into electrical communication of fungi is in its pure fresh stage J Adamatzky said.32. Whafs the discovery indicating mushrooms communicate with
24、 each other?A. Fungi sends electrical impulses.B. Hyphae exists in the mushrooms.C. Mushrooms tell food from injury.D. Wooden blocks affect mushrooms.33. What can be inferred about Andrew Adamatzky experiment from paragraph 2?A. It quite differs from the previous discovery.B. Electrical spikes can h
25、ardly come together.C. It further confirms the previous discovery.D. Only four species of fungi send out signals.34. What did the scientist find about fungi9s communication?A. The most frequently-used “words“ are more than 50.B. Most of fungi,s words“ are less frequently used.C. Distributions of fun
26、gal words differ in different species.D. The core vocabulary in it is almost meaningless.35. Which is Adamatzkys idea about mushrooms5 communication in the last paragraph?A. The discovery can benefit us.B. The discovery is of little use.C. We cant rely on our experiment.D. We need much more support
27、for it.【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】【导语本文是一篇说明文。全文主要介绍了科学家对蘑菇能进行交流的研究。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “It has even shown that the firing rate of these impulses increases when the hyphae of wood-digesting fungi come into contact with wooden blocks, raising the possibility that fungi use this electrical 6languag
28、e? to share information about food or injury with distant parts of themselves, or with hyphae-connected partners such as trees,“ the Guardian reports.”（卫报报道称：“研究甚至表明，当木材消化真菌的菌丝与木 块接触时，这些脉冲的发射率会增加，这增加了真菌使用这种电语言与自己的遥远部分或与菌丝相连 的伙伴如树木分享食物或伤害信息的可能性可知，真菌能产生电脉冲这一发现表明蘑菇可以交流。故 选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 He found
29、 that the electrical spikes often gathered into trains of activity, similar to vocabularies of up to 50 words.（他发现，电脉冲经常聚集成一系列活动，类似于多达50个单词的词汇。）可 知，他的实验进一步证实了以前的发现。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“We found that the size of fungal vocabulary can be up to 50 words, however, the core vocabulary of most freque
30、ntly used words does not exceed 15 to 20 words. （我们发现真菌词汇的大小可以达到 50个单词，然而，最常用单词的核心词汇不超过15到20个单词。）可知，在这50个词中，大部分是不经 常使用的。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “That said, we should not expect quick results: we are yet to interpret language of cats and dogs despite living with them for centuries, and research into
31、 electrical communication of fungi is in its pure 价esh stage,” Adamatzky said.（“尽管如此，我们不应该期待很快的结果：尽管我们与猫和狗生活了几个世 纪，但我们仍然无法解释猫和狗的语言，而对真菌的电通讯的研究还处于刚刚起步的阶段， Adamatzky说。） 可知，Adamatzky认为人类对于蘑菇交流的研究只是初始阶段，需要更多的支持。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theres that old saying
32、: How you do one thing is how you do everything. 36、it shows in everythingthat you do, even when playing music.I recently went to a concert with some other musicians in town (many of whom I was meeting for the first time).37、I spent more time in my head thinking about my drumming instead of actually
33、 paying attention to whatwas going on. This time though, I found that I was more attentive and was able to support the other musicians more through my playing.38. And I could feel the audience was enjoying the music more too, because the music was no longerabout me, it was about all of us connecting
34、 through the universal language of music.Afterwards, the musicians I played with told me they felt like our hearts were connected while playing, and that we were able to achieve a new level of playing together thanks to our collected approach. When playing, we didnt consider how to show ourselves of
35、f. 39.I believe that the best musicians in the world have this in common; which is to see past their own values, and to listen to/connect with their audience and fellow musicians. Tve realized all of this thanks to my practice of being a more compassionate and caring person.So, I would like to thank
36、 everyone on this website for opening your hearts and showing me how to be a more caring person. 40、but also through my music, and to those who listen.A. When I used to connect with other musiciansB. Therefore, as you become more kind and sympatheticC. Because of this, our music was better than ever
37、 beforeD. There was just us sharing ourselves with our open heartsE. I often find music moves me to be open and connect with othersF. There are languages that are universal, music and kindness are two of those languagesG. As I grow into a more kind and caring person, I can bring joy to not only thos
38、e in my daily life【答案】36.B37. A 38. C 39. D 40. G【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，我们可以把自己的爱心和同情心投入到我们做的 事业中。【36题详解】 前文提到“How you do one thing is how you do everything.（你做一件事的感受就是你做所有事的感受），以 及后文提到“it shows in everything that you do, even when playing music”（它体现在你做的每件事上，甚至在 演奏音乐的时候）由此判断，前句应该是一个从句，可以表达为：当你
39、富有善心和同情心，它会体现在你 所做的事情上。B项“Therefore, as you become more kind and sympatheticv （因此，当你变得更加善良和富有 同情心时）该项符合文意。故选B。【37题详解】 前文提到“I recently went to a concert with some other musicians in town（我最近和城里的其他音乐家一起去 听了一场音乐会），且从空后的 “This time though, I found that I was more attentive and was able to support the ot
40、her musicians more through my playing.（但这一次，我发现自己更专注了，能够在演奏中更多地支持其他 音乐家。）可知，此空讲述以前与其他音乐家合作的事情。A I5i When I used to connect with other musiciansv（当我和和其他音乐家交流的时候），该项符合文意。故选A。【38题详解】 后文提到 “And I could feel the audience was enjoying the music more too（我能感觉至U观众也更喜欢音乐了）, 此空讲述这次音乐会的效果。C项Because of this, ou
41、r music was better than ever before v（正因为如此，我 们的音乐比以往任何时候都好），该项符合文意。故选C。【39题详解】 前文提到“we didnt consider how to show ourselves off（我们没有考虑过如何炫耀自己），由此判断，大家 不是在炫耀自己，下一句应该表现我们的真实目的。D项There was just us sharing ourselves with our open hearts（只有我们敞开心扉分享彼此），该项符合文意。故选D。【40题详解】前文提至II “So, I would like to thank
42、everyone on this website for opening your hearts and showing me how to be a more caring person. （所以，我要感谢这个网站上的每一个人，感谢你们敞开心扉，告诉我如何成为一个 更有爱心的人。），作者成为了一个更有爱心的人，且从空后的“but also through my music, and to those who listen.（但也通过我的音乐，对那些听我音乐的人。）可知，作者也把自己的爱心通过音乐送给那些听他音 乐的人，同时此句使用 了 not only.but also （不仅而且）结构。G
43、 项As I grow into a more kind and caringperson, I can bring joy to not only those in my daily life（随着我成长为一个更加善良和有爱心的人，我不仅可 以在日常生活中给别人带来快乐），该项符合文意。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Earlier this year the phone companies stopped s
44、upporting the software for my old 3G flip phone. So like the rest of the modem world I was 41 to buy a new smart phone. I didnt use it much at first, only to get a42 from my daughter or to play a game or two. Soon, however, I found it far 43 to surf the web on the smart phone than my computer. Even
45、with my limited time I 44 found myself spending more and more of it on this phone. It happened almost without me 45 it.Yesterday I was on it 46 the sea of stories, posts, news, and videos. Then suddenly a long, white,47 nose pushed its way between me and my 48, I started to push it away but that onl
46、y got me alick （舔）from my chin to my glasses. 49、I put the phone down, took my glasses off and 50 my dog. Soon we were hugging, running around, and playing down the hallways of my home. And I 51 something too. There was a feeling in my heart: a 52 mixture of love, laughter, and joy. It was a feeling
47、 thatI hadnt gotten 53 during all that time I had spent on my phone.Technology is here to stay. But we shouldnt let it 54 us. We should use it only when it 55 usto do the important things like loving each other, making this world a better place.41 A.annoyed42 A. call43. A. tougher44. A. hardly45. A.
48、 admitting46. A. going through47. A. bloody48. A. computer49. A. Shouting50. A. petted51. A. forgot52. A. meaningless53. A. steadily54. A. control55. A. forbids【答案】4LCB. upsetC. forcedD. surprisedB. punishmentC. scoreD. praiseB. easierC. dearerD. clearerB. occasionallyC. latelyD. quicklyB. removingC. realizingD. valuingB. giving awayC. sorting outD. making upB. smartC. runningD. furryB. phoneC. seatD. roomB. SweepingC. WavingD. LaughingB. droveC. walkedD. cleaned