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1、湖南师大附中2022-2023学年度高一第一学期第一次大练习英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.18 C. 9.15答案是C。1. How will Mary go to school
2、today?A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.2. What will Jane probably do in the vacation?A. Help the man review English.B. Make a study plan.C. Take an English class.3. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Work out more.B. Stay in bed all week.C. Use hot and cold treatments.4. How can we describe
3、the game?A. Close. B. Unequal. C. Surprising.5. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Workmates.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 uSummers have
4、 been getting hotter and hotter with extreme heatwaves occurring earlier and more frequently.（夏天越来越热，极端热浪出现的时间越来越早，也越来越频繁）”可推知，人们正 在遭受更多的极端高温。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Around the world, more deaths occur due to extreme heat than from hurricanes, flooding, and drought combined. It impacts the most hel
5、pless of our citizens who do not have enough access to air conditioning, water, and other important resources在世界各地，死于极端高温的人数比死于飓风、洪水和干旱 的人数加起来还要多。它影响到我们最无助的公民，他们没有足够的机会获得空调、水和其他重要资源）” 可推知，拉姆齐耶认为空调和水可以防止极端高温。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 uHurricanes, tornadoes, and flash floods drive more media attention
6、because of the natural attraction with the visual impact of those types of hazards. However, heat does not tend to be as attractive and it becomes very difficult to communicate the danger to the public飓风、龙卷风和山洪暴发吸引 了更多媒体 的关注，因为这些类型的灾害具有自然吸引力和视觉冲击。然而，炎热往往没有那么吸引人，向公众传达 危险变得非常困难）”可知，极端高温的危险不容易传达给公众导致酷热
7、缺乏关注。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中 uExtreme heat is responsible for the highest number of annual deaths among all weather-related hazards.（在所有与天气有关的危害中，极端高温每年造成的死亡人数最高）”以及最 后一段 “As a global community, we need to decrease carbon emissions as soon as possible. We have rapidly developing technologies t
8、hat are going to help advance the process, but the faster the better, there is no time to waste.（作为一个国际社会，我们需要尽快减少碳排放。我们有快速发展的技术来帮助推进这一进程，但是越 快越好，没有时间可以浪费）”可知，作者在文中介绍了极端高温造成的危害，并呼吁国际社会采取措施应 对这一自然灾害，所以“预防极端高温”是本文是主旨。故选B项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes you
9、 can feel getting along with your parents is impossible. However, they are perhaps your best teachers. 16 If you feel you and your parents cant get on the same page, try to take steps to understand them better.Make time to be with your parents. Your parents wont always be around. 17 This doesnt mean
10、 just sitting in front of the TV together. Instead, find activities to do together. In doing so, you will learn more about what your parents enjoy doing, and it will keep things light and, hopefully, tension-free.Talk with your parents. In order to understand your parents better, you have to spend t
11、ime talking with them.18 However, remember that it should be less about sharing your own feelings, and more about trying to learn more about them and their feelings and views.Listen to them actively. This may seem obvious, but it is often harder than you think. If you are on your cellphone, listenin
12、g to music, or on the computer, stop what you are doing when they are talking to you. When you are communicating with your parents, make sure you are listening. 1920 This may be challenging, considering your present relationship with your parents, but do your best. It doesnt necessarily have to be a
13、 discussion about trying to understand them better. You can also talk to them about something at school that is bothering you, or something you are excited about or scared of.A. Share your feelings with them.B. Try to understand your parents better.C. So spend time with them while you are able to.D.
14、 They dont hesitate to do everything fbr your benefit.E. They will likely influence many of the decisions you make.F. You should look at them when they are talking and not interrupt them.G. This means getting into conversation with them when you have time together.【答案】16.E17. C 18. G 19. F 20. A【解析】
15、【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些和父母相处的方法。【16题详解】根据上文 uSometimes you can feel getting along with your parents is impossible. However, they are perhaps your best teachers（有时你会觉得和父母相处是不可能的。然而，他们可能是你最好的老师）”可知，上文提到父母 是最好的老师，故推测本句进一步进行说明：他们可能会影响你的许多决定，E选项They指上文parents。故E选项“他们可能会影响你的许多决定”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文 uMake t
16、ime to be with your parents. Your parents wont always be around.（花时间和父母在一起。你的 父母不会一直在你身边）”可知，本段的建议是花时间和父母在一起，C选项中spend time with them对应上 文中Make time to be with your parents.。故C选项“所以在你有能力的时候多花点时间和他们在一起”符合 语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文 “Talk with your parents. In order to understand your parents better, you have
17、 to spend time talking with them.（和你的父母谈谈。为了更好地了解你的父母，你必须花时间和他们交谈）”可知，上文提到花时间和 父母交谈，本句进一步承接上文说明何时交谈，G选项中getting into conversation with them对应上文中Talk with your parents.o故G选项”这意味着当你们有时间在一起的时候，要和他们交谈”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文 u Listen to them actively. This may seem obvious, but it is often harder than you
18、think. If you are on your cellphone, listening to music, or on the computer, stop what you are doing when they are talking to you. When you are communicating with your parents, make sure you are listening.（积极地倾听他们。这似乎是显而易见的,但往往 比你想象的要难。如果你正在用手机、听音乐或玩电脑，当他们和你说话时，请停止你正在做的事情。当 你和父母交流时，确保你在听）”可知，本段的主旨是积
19、极聆听父母，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说 明交谈时的注意事项。故F选项“当他们说话时，你应该看着他们，不要打断他们”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文 “This may be challenging, considering your present relationship with your parents, but do your best. It doesnt necessarily have to be a discussion about trying to understand them better. You can also talk to them about
20、something at school that is bothering you, or something you are excited about or scared of.（考虑至你和父母 目 前的 关系，这可能是一个挑战，但尽你所能。这并不一定是一场试图更好地理解他们的讨论。你也可以和他们 谈谈学校里让你烦恼的事情，或者你感到兴奋或害怕的事情）”可知，后文提到和父母谈论学校里的烦心事 以及感到兴奋或害怕的事情，即分享感受。故A选项“与他们分享你的感受”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B
21、、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was 2002. It was suggested that I should learn to drive, so my father decided to teach me. Easier said than done.The driving plan was quietly 21 after I almost crashed his car into a stone wall. My next 22 was in 2006. This time, the 23 was a very nice friend. But after th
22、ree sessions, he 24, I cant teach you,“he said. You have no 25 at alL“ To be honest, that was 26 to me. Actually, I thought I was afraid of many things-thunderstorms, forest fires, bears, but these were not the 27kind for driving.Nine years later, I had a life partner Graeme Gibson and a baby. One d
23、ay, Graeme got his28seriously bitten when he helped 29 a dog trapped in the wire fence. Even so, he had to drive himself to the hospital 30 thanks to my inability to drive.This accident 31 me and awoke my desire for learning. “Thats it, I said JTm learning to drive. Imust qualify myself to 32 and pr
24、otect my family. This time, I 33 a professional instructor. Despitevarious34 I got my license finally. I was pleased with myself: it seemed I now had the appropriate kind of21. A. droppedB. focusedC. advancedD. acquired22. A. memoryB. moveC. goalD. try23. A. instructorB. partnerC. adviserD. designer
25、24. A. went downB. gave upC. turned offD. calmed down25. A. potentialB. desireC. fearsD. skills26. A. humorB. truthC. newsD. disaster27. A. roughB. toughC. wrongD. right28. A. armB. legC. headD. foot29. A. cureB.findC. freeD. check30. A. red-eyedB. one-handedC. warm-bloodedD. cold-hearted31. A. moti
26、vatedB. alarmedC. improvedD. stopped32. A. balanceB. pressC. comfortD. support33. A. spottedB. recognizedC. invitedD. hired34. A. regretsB. argumentsC. challengesD. exams35. A. curiousB. responsibleC. concernedD. normal【答案】2LA22. D23. A 24. B25. C 26. C 27. D28. A 29. C 3A 32. D 33. D34. C 35. B【解析】
27、.B 31.fears. Learning to drive makes me a more grown-up and 35 adult.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的三次学车经历及其感悟。【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我差点把他的车撞到石墙上之后，学车计划就悄无声息地停止了。A. dropped停止，放弃；B. focused 集中；C. advanced 前进；D. acquired 获得。根据后文的 “My next_2 was in 2006”可知，在作者差点儿把父亲的车撞到一堵石墙上之后，第一次学车计划就悄悄终止了。故选A。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句
28、意：我的第二次尝试是在2006年。A. memory记忆；B. move行动；C.goal目标;D.try尝试。由上文的“It was 2002”和下文的“in2006”可知，作者在2006年再次尝试学开车。故选D。【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，教练是一个非常好的朋友。A. instructor教练；B.partner搭档；C. adviser 顾问；D. designer设计师。根据下文的“I cant teach you”可知，此处说的一个非常好的朋友应是这次的教 练。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但三次课后，他放弃了。A. went down下去；B.
29、gave up放弃；C turned off关掉; D. calmed down冷静下来。根据下文中的“I canteach you”可知，此处指上了三次课后，教练放弃了。故 选Bo【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你什么都不害怕。A. potential潜力；B.desire渴望;C.fears恐惧；D.skills技能。 根据下文中的 “To be honest, that was 6 to me. Actually, I thought I was afraid of many things” 及最后一段中的 “I was pleased with myself: it seemed
30、 I now had the appropriate kind of fears.v可知，此处指教练说作者 什么都不害怕，空格处是“恐惧”，故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老实说，我自己一点儿都不知道这个。A. humor幽默；B.truth真相；C. news 新闻;D. disaster 灾难。根据后文的 “ Actually, I thought I was afraid of many things” 可知,此处表示作者一 点儿都不知道自己什么都不怕，thats news to me表示“对我来说可是新鲜事，我一点儿都不知道呢”。故选 Co【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析
31、。句意：实际上，我以为我害怕很多东西雷雨、森林大火、熊，但这些都不是开 车所需的正确的害怕的种类。A. rough粗糙的；B. tough艰难的；C. wrong错误的；D. right正确的。由上文 的 “I was afraid of many things-thunderstorms, forest fires, bears” 和最后段的 “I was pleased with myself: it seemed I now had the appropriate kind of fears.”可知，作者以为自己害怕很多东西 雷雨、森林大火、熊， 但这些都不是开车所需的正确的害怕的种类。
32、故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，格雷姆在帮助一只被困在铁丝栅栏里的狗挣脱时，胳膊被严重咬伤。A. arm 胳膊;B. leg 腿；Ahead 头;D. foot 脚。根据下文中的 “Even so, he had to drive himself to the hospital 10 thanks to my inability to drive,可推知，Graeme被咬伤的应该是胳膊。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Graeme在帮助一只被困在铁丝栅栏里的狗解脱时，胳膊被严重咬伤。 A. cure治愈；B. find找到；C. free释放,使解脱
33、出来;D. check检查。根据下文中的“a dog trapped in the wire fence”可知，狗被困在铁丝网上，Graeme应是在帮助狗获得自由，空格处是“释放”，故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使如此，由于我不会开车，他不得不自己单手开车去医院。A. red-eyed红 眼的；B. one-handed 用单手的；C. warm-blooded 温血的；D. cold-hearted 无情的。由上文 “got his_8 seriously bitten”和后文的“my inability to drivev可知，由于作者不会开车，Graeme不得不自己单
34、手开车去 医院。故选B。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次事故使我有了动力，唤醒了我学习的渴望。A. motivated使有动力；B. alarmed 使恐慌；C. improved 提高；D. stopped 停止。根据下文中的 “Thats it,I said, Tm learning to drive. I must qualify myself to_12 and protect my family v可知，此处指这次意外让作者有了学车的动力。故选Ao【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须使自己有资格支持和保护我的家人。A. balance使平衡；B. press压；C.
35、comfort安慰;D. support支持。根据上文的“Im learning to drive”可知,此处指作者决定学习开车,使自 己有资格支持和保护自己的家庭，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我聘请了一个专业的老师。A. spotted发现；B. recognized认出；C. invited 邀请；D. hired聘请。根据下文中的“a professional instructor”可知,此处指作者聘请了一位专业人士。故 选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有各种各样的挑战，我最终还是拿到了驾照。A. regrets后悔；B. arguments 争
36、论；C.challenges挑战；D. exams考试。根据前面讲作者学了两次车都没成功及空格前的“Despite various” 和空格后的I got my license finally可知，尽管在学车的过程中遇到了各种挑战，作者最终还是拿到了驾 照。故选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学习开车使我成为一个更成熟、更负责任的成年人。A. curious好奇的；B.responsible 负责任的；C. concerned 担忧的；D. normal 正常的。由上文的 “I must qualify myself to_12 andprotect my family可知，学开车
37、让作者成为了一个更成熟、更负责任的成年人。故选B。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I cant wait to describe to you 36 senior high school life is like. The path before you leads to a worldfull of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. 37, fo
38、r those of you witha positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge. When you rise 38 the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.【答案】36. what37. However 38. to【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了高中生活是什么样的。【36题详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我迫不及待地想向你描述高中生活是什么样的。what sth
39、.be like?是固定句型, 表示“对某事物的看法二此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么，用what。故填what。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，对于那些心态积极的人来说，每一次挑战都蕴含着机遇。分析句子结构可知，根 据前文“The path before you leads to a world full of challenges: a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking.(你们面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界:一个新的环境，新的知识和新的思维方式)”以及后 文“for those of you wi
40、th a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge (对于那些心态积极的人来说，每一 次挑战都蕴含着机遇)“可知，两句间是转折关系，又因位于句首，且有逗号，故应用副词however,且首 字母应大写。故填However。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得伟大的知识，享受个人成长。分析句子结构可知，此 处考查固定搭配rise to意为“应付”。故填to。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。I am writing to a
41、sk for my advice on my relationship with my teenage son. 39 (tell) the truth, I often struggle to get along with him. Recently we 40 (argue) with each other a great deal. He is anxious about his skin because it has started to become very oily, with lots of red spots. I keep telling him that these ch
42、anges are normal and 41 things will turn out just fine. I asked him to see a doctor but then he became angry and we had42 argument. The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want to go through the same pain again. What should I do?【答案】39. To tell40. have argued41. that 42. an【解析】【导语】这是一篇
43、说明文。作者写信就自己和十几岁的儿子的关系征求别人的意见，并诉说了他的问题。 【39题详解】考查固定短语。句意：说实话，我经常很难和他相处。短语“说实话”短语为t。tell the truth。故填Totell。 【40题详解】考查时态。句意：最近我们经常吵架。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语为we,助 动词用 haveo故填 have arguedo41题详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我一直告诉他，这些变化很正常，一切都会好起来的。此处为keep telling后的第二 个宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导，不能省略。故填that。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意
44、：我叫他去看医生，但他生气了，我们吵了起来。短语have an argument表示“吵架”。故 填an。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。We have the “teen health fbrum to help teenagers along the journey to adulthood. Users 43 (encourage) to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and othe
45、r forum users. Before the teenagers write their posts, however, take a look at other 44 (user) posts first. It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum. In this case, you can find existing solutions and it will be 45 (easy) to solve it.【答案】43. are encouraged 44. users 45. ea
46、sier【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 “青少年健康”论坛如何帮助青少年走向成年。【43题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我们鼓励用户发布他们的问题，他们将从我们的健康专家和其他论坛用户那 里得到建议。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以encourage应该做谓语，和主语Users之间是被 动关系，应该用被动语态，主语为复数，描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故填are encouraged。【44题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：然而，在青少年写帖子之前，先看看其他用户的帖子。分析句子结构可知，空前是other,空后是名词posts,所以空处应该用名词所有格，修饰posts
47、。故填users【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，你可以找到现有的解决方案，这将更容易解决它。分析句子结构可知, 空前是系动词be,所以空处应填形容词，再根据句意，应该用比较级。故填easier。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom刚去了一所新学校就读，新的生活让他感到有些不适应。请你给他 写信，内容包括：1 .表示安慰；2 .提出建议；3 .表达祝愿。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；2 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Tom,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear To
48、m,Im sorry to hear that you have trouble adapting to your new school life.It is normal for new students to feel lonely and anxious in a new school. Perhaps the following suggestions may offer you some help.First of all, you should try hard to know more about the new school, which can give you more opportunities to communicate with your teachers and