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1、2022-2023学年度上学期期末高一年级英语学科试卷（答题时间：120分钟满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman probably have?A. Coffee.B. Tea.C. Juice.2. What did the man bring the woman?A. A fork.B. A knif
2、e.3. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Go indoors.B. Have a swim.4. What is wrong with Lisas book?A. Its back came off.B. Its front is damaged.5. Why wont the woman go to the mall today?A. It will be crowded.B. The weather is coo cold.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分,满分22.5分）C. A spoon.C. Have an iced drink
3、.C. Its pages arc missing.C. She prefers to go to a park.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?C. Dealing with some toys.A. Educating children.7. How old is Sam?8. Writi
4、ng a shopping list.A. One year old.B. Three years old.C. Six years old.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Co-workers.C. Classmates.9. When will the speakers probably meet next time?use tools or that gorillas （大猩猩）have a sense of fair pl
5、ay, even rejecting carrots （which they normally accept） when they see their neighbors getting gr叩es.”（人类和猿类是近亲，所以黑猩猩会使用工具或者大猩猩有公 平竞争的意识也就不足为奇了，当它们看到自己的邻居拿葡萄时，它们甚至会拒绝胡萝卜（它们通常会接 受）可知大猩猩拒绝胡萝卜的例子表明它们有平等意识。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “Among the invertebrates, octopuses （八爪鱼）are known for their intelligence, e
6、ven exhibiting evidence of playfulness, tool use, and personality. But these skilled predators live alone and consequently lack culture. Dolphins, on the other hand, are large-brained, long-living, social- group-based predators, and it is here that wc find the greatest similarity to human-like cultu
7、re and awareness.M（在无脊椎动 物中，章鱼以它们的智力而闻名，甚至显示出顽皮、使用工具和个性的证据。但这些熟练的捕食者独自生 活，因此缺乏文化。另一方面，海豚是脑容量大、寿命长、以社会群体为基础的掠食者，正是在这里，我 们发现了它们与类人文化和意识的最大相似之处）可知和海豚相比，章鱼缺少社会互动。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Many animals have culture in this sense, but what sets dolphins apart is what they pass on. Some bottlenose dolphins hol
8、d sponges in their mouths that they use as tools to sweep for fish hiding on the ocean floor. This ability is handed down through generations （especially in females）, with some families- grandmother, mother, and daughter - all feeding in this highly specialized way.” （从这个意义上说，许多动物 都有文化，但让海豚与众不同的是它们传
9、承的文化。一些宽吻海豚嘴里衔着海绵，它们用海绵作为工具来 清扫躲藏在海底的鱼类。这种能力代代相传（尤其是雌性），一些家庭一一祖母、母亲和女儿一一都以这种 高度专门化的方式喂养）可知让海豚文化如此特别的是它们的狩猎技巧代代相传。故选B.【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Dolphins not only recognize themselves, but if a black mark is put on the body of a dolphin, it will spend extra time at the mirror to look at the mark.”（海豚不仅能认出臼
10、己，而且如果海豚身上 有一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记）可推知海豚识别自己倒影的能力是一种更高 阶的心智技能。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Motivation is the desire to act in service of a goal. Ils the crucial element in setting and attaining our objectives. Some of the most common goals pe
11、ople makeand the most common goals they struggle to meetare to eat healthier, work out more, and save more money. Many traps can prevent people from achieving those goals, but predicting those challenges can help achieve real change.Many people struggle to stick to a diet. Research suggests that ext
12、rinsic （夕卜在的）motivatorsto avoid hurtful comments or fit into an outfit-can jumpstart the process but that intrinsic motivationinterest, enjoyment, and challenge in the journeyis key to sustained, lasting weight loss 16 So its helpful to choose a diet that will be sustainable and effective and believ
13、e that the diet, start date, and end goals have been chosen autonomously and not “assigned by others.There are a few creative ideas to consider if motivation is a barrier to exercise. One is to widen the options you have: If you dont have time to go to the gym, exercise by going fbr a walk, doing a
14、bodyweight circuit, or watching a yoga video. 17 Yet you can also establish a social contract with a friend or family member. For example, if you allow phone time to replace exercise, you must donate to a cause of the other persons choosing.18 The first is to set a specific saving goal for an emerge
15、ncy fund. This focused goal will build habits that become sustainable saving. The second is to save something every day, even if its just a few dollars, because repeat helps to form habits. Third, making savings visible, whether by checking a savings account online or keeping cash in a glass jar. 19
16、 In addition to cultivating a saving attitude, its important to change a spending mindset.Most people, unfortunately, fail to follow through on their New Years resolutions. This might be because people tend to set overwhelming goals, engage in all-or-nothing thinking, dont predict barriers, and beat
17、 themselves up when they get off track. By addressing those traps, people are more likely to truly achieve their goals.Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human behavior. It fuels competition and sparks social connection. Its absence can lead to mental illnesses such as depression. 20 Its
18、 the key factors in setting and achieving our goals.A. It is helpful to find a community of supporters.B. People can break large goals into smaller pieces.C. Eventually, consistently spend less than you make.D. The following steps can help cultivate the habit of saving money.E. Intrinsic motivation
19、includes competence autonomy, and relatedness.F. Motivation includes the desire toward meaning, purpose, and a life worth living.G. Another is to make exercise more enjoyable, such as by listening to a book on tape.【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过减肥和省钱两个例子，讲解了动力的分类和为自己创造动力的方法。说 明
20、动力是行为背后的主要驱动力之一。【16题详解】上文 “Research suggests that extrinsic motivatorsto avoid hurtful comments or fit into an outfit-can jumpstart the process but that intrinsic motivationinterest, enjoyment, and challenge in the journeyis key to sustained, lasting weight loss.（研究表明，外在的动机避免伤害性的评价或为了穿某件衣服可以启动这个过程，但
21、内在的动机一一兴趣，享受和过程中的挑战一一是持续，持久减肥的关键。）”空处承上启下，下文“So its helpful to choose a diet that will be sustainable and effective and believe that the diet, start date, and end goals have been chosen autonomously and not “assigned” by others.（因此，选择一种能够持续有效的饮食方式 是很有帮助的，并且相信节食，开始的日期和最终目标是自主选择的，而不是由他人“指派”。）”空前 讲了外在动
22、机和内在动机的区别。空后讲人们要选择种持续有效的方式减肥。所以空处承.上启下，说明 内在动力的含义和内容。故E选项“内在动机包括能力、自主性和关联性”符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】上文 “One is to widen the options you have: If you dont have time to go to the gym, exercise by going fbr a walk, doing a bodyweight circuit, or watching a yoga video.（一个是扩大你的选择：如果你没有时间去健身房，可以 通过散步，做自重运动，或看瑜伽视频
23、来锻炼。）”因为句中有“one”，讲了第一种让自己有动力运动的方 式。所以接下来应该讲另外一种方式。故G选项“另一种方法是让锻炼变得更有趣，比如听磁带看书。” 符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“The first is to set a specific saving goal for an emergency fund. The second is to save something eveiy day, even if its just a few dollars.（首先是为应急基金设定一个具体的储蓄目标。第二是每天都要节省一些东西， 哪怕只是几块钱。）”说明了前两个步骤，因此空中应
24、填总结性的句子。故I）选项“下面的步骤可以帮助培 养存钱的习惯”符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】上文 “Third, making savings visible, whether by checking a savings account online or keeping cash in a glass jar. （第三，让储蓄看得见，无论是通过在线检查储蓄账户，还是将现金放在玻璃罐中。）”空处承上启下，下 文 “In addition to cultivating a saving attitude, its important to change a spending mindset
25、.（除了培养储蓄态度 外，改变消费心态也很重要。）”空前讲了三种省钱的方式，空处应该讲第四种方法。故C选项“最后，坚 持花得比挣得少”符合语境。故选C项。【20题详解】上 文 “ Motivation is one of the driving forces behind human behavior. It fuels competition and sparks social connection. Its absence can lead to mental illnesses such as depression.（动机是人类行为背后的驱动力之一。它 助长了竞争，激发了社会联系。它的缺
26、失会导致精神疾病，如抑郁症。）下文Ifs the key factors in setting and achieving our goals.（这是制定和实现我们目标的关键因素。）”因为上下文都在讨论“motivation（动力），所以空处也和动力有关。动机包括对意义，对目标和有价值的生活的渴望。这是我 们定制实现目标的关键。故F选项“动机包括对意义、目的和生活价值的渴望”。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My mother used to say
27、that when your mother was really good at something, you didnH learn to do it. What she said was 21. My grandmother was skilled in baking and cooking, but my mother was a barely 22cook fbr our family of seven. We didnt 23: we had meat, potatoes and another vegetable at every meal outof a can.Baking w
28、as not Moms 24. so on Saturday mornings, she would 25 us to the bakery fbr freshcake. Mom did learn to make the 26 Dad loved bacon and eggs, spare ribs （排骨）and, 27、potato salad. Potato salad was my moms major 28 to every summer, 29 eating such a dish on a hot July day wasnt a good idea. Mayonnaise （
29、蛋黄酱）in it could be difficult to 3（） and you might have to go to the bathroom frequently.Case in point: the time my uncle and aunt and their six kids 31 at the lake with us. The 32 included burgers, burnt or slightly raw, lots of pop, and Moms potato salad. We spent hours at the lake. Unfortunately,
30、so did the salad.33.1 realize that polishing off Moms potato salad may have been the reason that Dad finally built usa second bathroom, which 34 that everything can have a bright side. My mother didnt 35 in （he kitchen, but I miss her cooking so much.21. A. crazyB. trueC. simpleD. strange22. A. addi
31、tionalB. efficientC. acceptableD. instant23. A. attendB. refuseC. starveD. escape24. A. strengthB. courseC. challengeD. dream25. A. exposeB. hireC.sendD. compare26. A. clothesB.foodsC. drinksD. tools27. A. hardlyB. immediatelyC. equallyD. particularly28. A. contributionB. adjustmentC. introductionD.
32、 reference29. A. sinceB. althoughC. ifD. unless30. A. discoverB. selectC. understandD. digest31. A. foughtB. swamC. restedD. picnicked32. A. priceB. billC. menuD. tour33. A. Turning aroundB. Looking backC. Going awayD. Moving on34. A. guaranteesB. claimsC. provesD. assumes35 A. shineB.cookC. singD.
33、stand【答案】21.B 22.C23. C 24. A25. C 26. B 27. D28. A 29. B 30. D 31D 32. C 33. B34. C 35. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了妈妈做的菜，指出虽然妈妈并不擅长厨艺，但作者还是想念她做的 菜。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说的话是正确的。A. crazy疯狂的；B. true真实的，正确的；C. simple简 单的；D. strange 奇怪的，陌生的。上文 “ My mother used to say that when your mother was really good at s
34、omething, you didnt learn to do it.（我妈妈曾经说过，当你的妈妈非常擅长某件事时，你不会学着去做）”和 下一句内容讲祖母很擅长烘焙和烹饪，但是妈妈不擅长做饭，所以此处指她说的话是正确的。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母擅长烘焙和烹饪，但对于我们一家七口来说，妈妈的厨艺差强人 意。A. additional额外的;B. efficient效率高的;C. acceptable可接受的;D. instant立刻的。根据上文“My grandmother was skilled in baking and cooking 0及转折词but可知，
35、祖母很擅长厨艺,但是妈妈的厨艺几乎 无法令人接受，故选C。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有挨饿；我们每顿饭都有肉、土豆和其他蔬菜，都是罐装的。A. attend 参加；B. refuse 拒绝；C. starve 挨饿；D. escape 逃跑。根据下文 “we had meat, potatoes and another vegetable at every meal out of a can” 可知，我们没有挨饿。故选 C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：烘焙不是妈妈的强项，所以周六早上，她会让我们去面包店买新鲜的蛋糕。A.strength 优势；B. course 课程
36、;C. challenge 挑战;D. dream 梦想。根据下文“she would 5 us to the bakery for fresh cake ”可知，烘焙不是妈妈的优势，故选A。25题详解】考自动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expose暴露；B. hire租用；C. send派遣，打发；D. compare比较。根据 空后to （he bakery for fresh cake可知，妈妈打发我们去面包店买新鲜的蛋糕，故选C。【26题详解】考杳名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈确实学会了做爸爸爱吃的食物熏肉、鸡蛋、排骨，尤其是土豆沙拉。A. clothes 衣服；B. foods 食物；C.
37、 drinks 饮料;D. tools 工具。根据破折号后 u bacon and eggs, spare ribs （排 骨）and,7 potato salad”可知，妈妈学习做爸爸爱吃的食物，故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hardly几乎不；B. immediately立即；C. equally平等地;D. particularly 尤其，特别是。根据下一句Potato salad was my moms major 8 to every summer” 可知，妈妈尤其会做土豆沙拉，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：土豆沙拉是我妈妈每年夏天的主要贡献
38、，尽管在炎热的7月吃这样的菜不是一 个好主意。A. contribution 贡献;B. adjustment 调整；C. introduction 介绍；D. reference 参考。结合语境可 知，妈妈尤其会做土豆沙拉，所以此处指这道菜是妈妈每年夏天的主要贡献，故选A。【29题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A.since自从，因为：B. although尽管，虽然；C.if如果：D. unless除 非。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面的蛋黄酱可能很难消化，你可能要经常上厕所。A. discover
39、发现；B. select 选择;C. understand 理解；D. digest 消化。根据下文“you might have to go to the bathroom frequently n可 知，土豆沙拉里面的蛋黄酱很难消化，故选D。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：举个恰当的例子：有一次我叔叔、阿姨和他们的六个孩子和我们一起在湖边野 餐。A. fought与作斗争；B. swam游泳;C.rested休息;D. picnicked去野餐结合语境及“atlhelake”可知，此处指在湖边野餐，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：菜单上有汉堡，烤的或稍微生的，很多汽水，还
40、有妈妈做的土豆沙拉。A. price 价格；B. bill 账单；C. menu 菜单;D. tour 旅行。根据下文 aburgers, burnt or slightly raw, lots of pop, and Mom potato saladn可知，此处指菜单上有各种食物，故选C。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我意识到，可能是把妈妈的十.豆沙拉迅速吃光的原因，爸爸终于给 我们建了笫二间浴室，这证明了任何事情都有好的一面。A. Turning around转身；B. Looking back回顾： C. Going away走开;D. Moving on继续前进。根据
41、语境及“I realize that.”可知，此处指作者回顾过往意 识到的事，故选B。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. guarantees保证；B. claims声称；C. proves证明；D. assumes假设。结 合语境可知，因为把妈妈的土豆沙拉迅速吃光，所以爸爸终于给我们建了第二间浴室，说明这件事证明了 任何事情都有好的一面，故选C。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的妈妈在厨房里并不出众，但我非常想念她做的菜。A. shine发光，出色；B. cook烹饪;C. sing唱歌；D. stand忍受。根据上文内容及“but I miss her cooking so
42、 much”可知,此处指虽然妈妈不擅长厨艺，但是作者还是想念她做的菜。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was Dragon Boat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfront,36(provide) shade and refreshments fbr Dragon Boal paddlers (桨手)from all over California,37 gathered around the Castaic Lake for afestive compe
43、tition.Giggling kids raced cheerfully along the lakeside beach,38 their parents enjoying the shady picnicareas under the trees along the shore. Its a great day out, “said Paul Lin, co-fbundcr fbr Castaics own Dragon Eyes team.Dragonboat racing has been going on for thousands of years in China,39(ori
44、gin) in honor of the Chinese water dragon deity (神)in an effort to call down rain 40 avoid misfortune and disaster.In the race, a drummer 41(use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.Lin said a friend got him 42(involve)
45、 in dragon boat racing over a decade ago. In 2018, they43(decide) to host their own festival. Theres something really special to be learned from our dragon boat motto: One Boat, One Beat,“ he said. Paddlers come from all walks of life and that kind of closeness with people is nowhere else to be seen
46、.“We really want to help expand 44(aware) and grow (he sport,“ Lin said. Were hoping one dayitll become 45 Olympic sport.”【答案】36. providing37. who 38. with39. originally40. and41. uses42. involved43. decided44. awareness45. an【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统的龙舟比赛在美国加州的卡斯泰克湖举行的盛况。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：闪亮的白色帐篷排列
47、在湖边码头，为来自加州各地并在卡斯泰克湖周围聚集参加 节口比赛的龙舟桨手提供了阴凉和茶点。分析句子结构可知，空白处应填入非谓语动词形式。provide意为 “提供”，和它的逻辑主语tents为逻辑上的主谓关系，应填入现在分词形式作状语，故填providing。37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，句子为以paddlers为先行词的非限制性定语从句，先行 词paddlers指人,关系词在句中做主语，用关系代词who。故填who。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：咯咯笑着的孩子们沿着湖边的沙滩欢快地奔跑，他们的父母在岸边树下的野餐区享受着 阴凉o 分析句子结构，句中 “their p
48、arents enjoying the shady picnic areas under the trees along the shore ”为with的复合结构,在句中做伴随状语，故填with.【39题详解】考查副词。句意：赛龙舟在中国已经有数千年的历史，最初是为了纪念水神或龙神，目的是为了求雨并避 开厄运与灾难。分析句子可知，副词。riginally作状语修饰后面的介词短语“in honor of the Chinese waler dragon deity , 故填 originally。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，call down rain”和“avoid misfortune and disaster”之间是并列 关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。41题