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1、Unitl2 What did you do last weekend?七年级英语下册必备知识清单一、词汇知识清单I、课标词汇注意英译汉camp扎营;搭帐篷v./ kAmp/lake 湖;湖泊 nJ leik/beach 海滩;沙滩 n./ bi:tF/badminton 羽毛球运动 nJ bAdmintEn/sheep 羊;绵羊 n./ Fi:p/as 作为;当作 prep.&adv./ Az/natural 自然的 adj./ nAtFErEl/butterfly 蝴蝶 n./ bQtEflai/visitor 游客;访问者 n./ vizitE/tired疲倦的;疲劳的adj./ tai
2、Ed/stay 停留;待 v./ stei/stay up late深夜不留睡;熬夜away 离开;远离 adv./ Ewei/run away 跑开mouse老鼠;耗子/ maus/baby 幼小的;婴儿 adj.&n./ beibi/shout 呼叫;喊叫 v./ Faut/shout at冲大声叫嚷woof（狗叫声）汪汪 int./ wu:f/language 语言 n./ lANgwidV/fly 飞 v./ flai/kite 风筝 n./ kait/fiy a kite放风筝high 高的（地）adj.&adv./ hai/high school 中学ago 以前 adv./ Eg
3、Eu/India 印度 n./ indjE/tent 帐篷 n./ tent/put up搭起;举起moon 月亮 n./ mu:n/surprise 惊奇;惊讶;使吃惊 n.&v./ sEpraiz/get a surprise 吃惊snake 蛇 n./ sneik/scared惊慌的;吓坏了的.adj.move 移动 v./ mu:v/shout to对大声喊叫start开始;着手看stB:t/jump 跳;跃 v./ dVQmp/up and down上上下下;起伏wake 弄醒;醒 v./ weik/wake.up 把弄醒into 到里面;进入 prep./ intu:/forest
4、 森林 n./ fRrist/ear 耳朵 n./ iE/II、语法词汇知其变注意词性变化1. visitor n.游客一visit v.旅游;参观2. nature n.自然natural adj.自然的3. tired adj.疲倦的liring adj.令人疲倦的4. camp. v.扎营;搭帐篷camping n.露营5. surprise n.惊讶;惊奇v.使吃惊一surprising adj.令人惊讶的.surprised adj,感到惊讶的6. scared adj.惊慌的一scary adj,吓人的;恐怖的7. India印度-Indian adj.&n.印度（人）的却度人in
5、、重点短语知搭配注意固定短语的英汉互译1. do my homework做我的家庭作业2. go to cinema去看电影3. go boating / camping去划船/去里予营4. play badminton 打羽毛球5. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上6. work as以身份而工作7. have a good weekend周末过得愉快8. kind of有点儿9. stay up late 熬夜10. run away 跑开11. shout at对大声叫嚷12. fly a kite 放风筝13. high school 中学14. put up搭起，
6、举起15. in the countryside 在乡下16. get a surprise 吃惊17. make a fire 生火18. each other 互相19. so. that.如此以至于20. go to sleep 入睡21. the next morning 第二天早上22. look out of向夕卜看23. shout to 冲呼喊24. up and down上上下下25. wake.up 把弄醒26. move into. 移进IV、核心单词知用法注意固定短语、句型和词块Section A1. go boating 去划船这是“go + doing”结构的短语，
7、类似的还有：go swimming /fishing /shopping /skating /camping去游泳/钓鱼/购物 /溜冰理予营2. by the lake 在湖边by 介词，“在旁边”，表示位置。The house by the lake is a restaurant.湖边的那座房子是家饭店。介词，乘坐Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去？“经过He goes by the hospital every day.每天他都路过那家医院。“不迟于Please come here by 10 oclock.请在十点之前来这儿。3
8、. on Saturday morning = on the morning of Saturday 在星期六的上午表示在具体某一天、某一天的某段时间均用介词on。E.g： on a windy morning在一个多风的早上4. sheep名词,“绵羊,其复数形式仍为sheep。a sheep 一只绵羊 a lot of sheep许多只绵羊【拓展】单复数同形的名词：deer鹿fish鱼5. natural形容词，“自然的”E.g:He spoke in quite a natural voice.他说话声音很自然。nature名词，“天性；自然界”E.g:She has a good na
9、ture.她性情温和。6. I told the visitors about them and their living habits.visitor=tourist名词,“游客;访问者”London is full of visitors during May and June.五、六月间伦敦挤满了游客。visit动词,“参观；拜访“They are visiting in Shanghai.他们正在上海参观访问。We visited our uncle last week,上周我们探望了 叔叔。【拓展】以-or结尾表示职业的名词：doctor医生actor演员以-er结尾表示职业的名词：
10、reader读者singer歌手writer作家driver司机teacher 教师7. I stay up late to watch the soccer game.我熬夜看足球比赛。stay up“熬夜；整晚不睡”stay at home待在家里stay in bed待在床上8. away副词，“离开；远离”run away 跑开 go away 走开Please go away!请走开far away from.远离They live far away from the city.他们住在远离这个城市的地方。9. mouse名词,老鼠”其复数形式为mice。a family of mi
11、ce 一窝老鼠E.g:There are lots of mice in the kitchen.厨房里有许多老鼠。When the cat is away, the mice will play.山中无老虎，猴子称大王。【拓展】church mice穷光蛋名词复数的不规则变化：childchildren （孩子）tooth-teeth （牙齿）footfeet （脚）manmen （男 人）womanwomen （女人）Section B ：1. fly动词，“飞；飞逝”，其过去式为flew。E.g： Mr. Li flew to Shanghai,李先生乘飞机去上海了。How time f
12、lies!时间过得真快呀！【拓展】fly名词，“苍蝇”There is a fly in my porridge.我的粥里有一只苍蝇。2. Did you do anything interesting last weekend?上个周末你做了什么有趣的事吗？（l）anything意为“一些事情”，它是不定代词，常用于否定句或疑问句中，用在肯定句中anything表示“任何 事情”E.g： He didnt do anything this morning.今天早上他没做什么事情。Anything is possible.一切皆有可能。（2）anything interesting意为“有趣的
13、事情”，形容词修饰不定代词应后置，在句子中作后置定语。E.g： Is there anything interesting in today*s newsp叩er?今天的报纸上有什么有趣的事情吗？3. ago副词，“以前”常用于“一段时间+ ago结构中，表示“以前”，常和具体时间连用，用于一般过去时态。E.g：two days ago 两天前a month/year ago 一个月/一年以前long time ago很久以前He started working for us three years ago.他 3 年前开始为我们干活了。【拓展】before意为“以前 一般不与具体时间连用E.
14、g:We got up before evening.我们在夜晚之前起床。4. put up搭起；举起 put up a tent搭建帐篷 put up hands举起手【拓展】put up张贴E.g:We should put up a picture here.我们应该在这儿贴一幅图。put down 放下put on 穿上put off 推迟put away 收好5. ear名词“耳朵”【拓展】ear+ring=earring耳环Even the walls have ears,隔墙有耳。6. each other“互相；相互“help each other 互相帮助learn from
15、 each other 互相学习E.g:We must learn from each other and help each other.我们必须互相学习，互相帮助。They talk to each other happily.他们开心地互相交谈。7. surprise名词，动词，“惊奇，惊讶；使吃惊”(1)作名词,意为“惊奇；惊讶”常用短语：in surprise吃惊地，to ones surprise令某人吃惊的是,get a surprise吃惊E.g:John turned around and looked at me in surprise.约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。To m
16、y surprise,his face looked very happy.令我吃惊的是，他的表情看起来很开心。作动词，意为“使吃惊surprise sb.使某人吃惊。E.g:The news greatly surprised them.这消息使他们大为吃惊。【拓展】(l)surprising作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，形容事物。surprised作形容词，意为“感到吃惊的”，形容人。二、语法知识清单I .一般过去时态n谓语动词为be:肯定句：主语+ was/were +其他.否定句： 主语+ was/were + not + 其他.一般疑问句： Was/Were +主语+其他？两种回答：
17、 Yes, .was； No, .wasnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+其他?谓语动词为实义动词：肯定句：主语+过去式+其他.否定句：主语+ didnt +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？两种回答：Yes, . did; No,didnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ did +主语+动词原形+其他？如：My weekend was pretty good.My weekend wasnt pretty good.一Was your weekend pretty good?一Yes, it was; No, it wasnt.一How was
18、your weekend?She went to Beijing last week.She didn*t go to Beijing last week.Did she go to Beijing last week?一Yes, she did; No, she didnt.Who went to Beijing last week?Where did she go last week?When did she go to Beijing?II.感叹句感叹句通常由what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词或动词。感叹句结构：1 .What +
19、名词+陈述语序.What + a+形容词+名词+陈述语序.What +形容词+复数名词+陈述语序.What +形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序.2 .How +形容词+ a/an +名词+ 陈述语序.How +形容词或副词+陈述语序.如：What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is!What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather it is!How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is!三、语篇知识清单【写作话题】本单元以过去发生话题，谈论学
20、校旅行及假期生活，描述过去发生的事情及感受。【写作题目】根据下面提示写短文：上周星期天，刘明贺他的朋友在山脚下野炊。他们中的一些人正在做 游戏，一些在跳舞，他们感到很放松。突然，刘明看到一头山羊正在跑。他对此很感兴趣，平且开始追它 跑了很长一段时间。当他想起他的朋友们时.，他不知道他在哪儿。他迷路了。在那时，一个农夫过来，在 他的帮助下，刘明又找到了他的朋友们。他感谢这位农夫平且向你告别。【优秀满分范文】Last Sunday, Liu Ming and his friends went for a picnic at the foot of the mountain.Some of them
21、 were playing games. Some were dancing. They felt very relaxed. Suddenly, Liu Ming saw a goat running . He was interested in it and began to run after it for a long time . When he thought of his friends again, he got lost. At that time, a farmer came. With his help ,Liu Ming found his friends again. He thanked the farmer and said Goodbye to him.