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1、2022北京清华附中初三三模英语（清华附中初19级） 2022年6月第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空（共6分,每小题0.5分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。1. My brother and I like sports.often play basketball after school.A. WeB.IC. TheyD. You【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我的弟弟和我都喜欢运动，我们经常放学后去打篮球。考查代词。we我们；I我；they他们；you你。根据“My brother
2、and I”可知指的是“我的弟弟 和我”两个人，表达“我们”用代词“we”。故选A。2. 一Happy birthday, my dear! I have made a model plane you.一Thank you, Daddy.A. forB. onC. inD. from【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意： 生日快乐，亲爱的！我给你做了一个飞机模型。谢谢你，爸爸。 考查介词辨析。for为了； on在上；in在里；from从。根据“made a model plane .you”可知，为你做了一个飞机模型，make sth for sb”为某人做某物。故选A。3. do you help
3、 your parents with the housework, David?一Once a week.A. How muchB. How oftenC. How longD. How far【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意： David,你多久帮父母做一次家务？一周一次。考查特殊疑问句。how much多少；how often多久一次；how long多久；how far多远。根 据“Once a week”可知，此处对频率进行提问，用how often引导特殊疑问句，故选B。4. Hi, Mike! Would you like to fly kites with me?rd like t
4、o,I have to finish my question survey first.A. soB. andC. butD. orHowever, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve ones performance. Many runners might find it easier to run in winter than in hot weather. The body needs l
5、ess water on a cold day than in warm weather. In addition, lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is lower.John Brewer is a professor of applied sports science at St. Marys University in London. For this study, he and other researchers put a group
6、 of people into a room where summer and winter weather conditions are recreated. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied.From the study, eveiy movement runners make produces heat. The heat can be really damag
7、ing unless the body can lose it. One way in which people lose heat is by sweating. The body loses heat through sweat. The body also loses it by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin and it puts more stress on the heart, especially in hot conditions because its much harder to lose heat wh
8、en the outside environment is warm. As the result shows, running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates.When running in cold conditions, the body does not have to work hard to move blood to the skin surface. Therefore, it requires less energy. The most important thing for people
9、 who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keep as dry as possible when exercising in low temperatures. Wear warm and light clothing to keep sweat away from your skin. So dont let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running. 27. Why di
10、d John Brewer make a group of people run in a room?A. Because the weather conditions could be recreated for four seasons. B. Because the researchers could teach the people there to study science.C. Because the professor could study science with the group of people. D. Because the test subjects9 biol
11、ogical measurements could be recorded.28. What can we learn from the passage?A. Running in cold weather doesnt need a lot of energy. B. Running in cold weather needs heavy clothing to keep warm.C. Running in hot weather causes hearts beat slower than in cold. D. Running in hot weather produces more
12、heat than other movements.29. What is the main purpose in writing this passage?A. To study why the drop in temperature is good to run. B. To compare benefits of running in winter and summer.C. To encourage people to keep running outdoors in winter. D. To show us how to keep healthy while running in
13、winter.【答案】27.D28. A 29. C【解析】【导语】本文通过John Brewer的研究，介绍了冬季户外跑步的益处，鼓励人们在冬天多做 户外活动。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied.“可知，John Brewer 让一群人在房间里 跑步，这样记录他们的生物测量数据就容易多了。故选D。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据The b
14、ody needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather. In addition, lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is lower.”可知，身体在寒冷的日子里比在温暖的天气里需要更少的水，此外低温还能减轻身体 的压力，当你在寒冷的天气里跑步时，你的心率会更低。所以选项A“在寒冷的天气里跑步 不需要太多的能量”表述正确，故选A。【29题详解】主旨大意题。 根据So dont let win
15、ter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.”可知，作者鼓励人们在冬天做户外运动，故选C。DIts certainly good to be nice. Whether its helping a friend with homework, watching their favorite shows even if theyre not your thing or giving up a little time and energy to do somethi
16、ng for a friend is a praiseworthy decision. Or, one might be the bigger person and agree to take the short end of the stickin an argument, all to satisfy others and avoid further problems. Still, we need to control our niceness: niceness is valuable, but its definitely not without downsides.To be cl
17、ear. Vm not advocating （倡导）for selfishness. In fact, Id encourage everyone to do small favors for the people they care about. Helping others makes us happy. It also gives us a greater sense of purpose and belonging, as we feel more connected to those we do favors for. The same goes for sacrificing （
18、牺牲）a little on our part to end a disagreement, which might feel uncomfortable in the short term, but is in the end for the greater good.Yet, we need to be careful about where our niceness comes from. When our desire （渴望）to help others comes from a need to be seen as a good or friendly person, our mo
19、tivations （动机） become increasingly dangerous. For example, we might want others to relate to us, so we say that we like their favorite songs when we dont. Being agreeable all the time makes us become a product of the people around us instead of having our own special personality.Additionally, avoidi
20、ng unreasonable agreeability is even more important. We cant help offering to do too many favors because our desire to be seen as selfless and kind outweighs our worries for our own well-being. If you always support others emotionally, or help them with their studies, that habit might become part of
21、 how you view yourself. In other words, you see yourself as someone willing to lend a hand to others when they are in need.Agreeability crosses the experiences of all kinds of people, and it can be especially truewithin communities where selflessness is important. From my experience at Harvey Mudd C
22、ollege, students are known for caring for others-offering to help their classmates with their studies. This common view of peoples willingness to help can put stress on Mudders to sacrifice their energy, even if they dont have the skills to do so. Instead, they should remind themselves of their resp
23、onsibilities, and then decide if they have the ability to lend a hand.Finally, making kindness a habit is an honorable goal. But as with all things, moderation （适 度）is key, and sometimes, sacrificing a little too much can cause more harm than good.30. What does the underlined part “take the short en
24、d of the stick in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Say sorry first.B. Hit the other person. C. Suffer bad results. D. Makeup for mistakes.31. Unreasonable agreeability may stop us from.A. viewing ourselves properlyB. having a sense of belongingC. developing social relationshipsD. caring about our own h
25、appiness32. Why is “Harvey Mudd College mentioned in the passage?A. To spread the spirit of selflessness within communities.B. To show an effect of widespread niceness in communities.C. To criticize the students who sacrifice too much for others.D. To explain responsibilities people should take with
26、in communities.33. The writer probably agrees that.A. being nice can make people easily understood by othersB. being selfless helps people improve their social skillsC. people should think twice before saying yes”D. people who help others are more popular【答案】30.A31. A 32. B 33. C【解析】【导语】本文阐述了让善良成为一种
27、习惯是一个光荣的目标，但是要学会量力而行，适度是 关键，有时，牺牲太多可能弊大于利。【30题详解】词义猜测题。*艮据one might be the bigger person and agree to take the short end of the stick in an argumen仍可知，成为一个大度的人，同意在争吵中接受批评，也就是先认错，所以短语“take the short end of the stick”指的是先说对不起“，故选A。31题详解】细节理解题。根据“.If you always support others emotionally, or help them
28、with their studies, that habit might become part of how you view yourself. In other words, you see yourself as someone willing to lend a hand to others when they are in need.”可知，不合理的宜人性可能会阻止我们正确地看待自己，故选A。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据“and it can be especially true within communities where selflessness is important
29、. From my experience at Harvey Mudd College.even if they dont have the skills to do so.”可知，文章提至Harvey Mudd College”是为了展示社区中普遍存在的善的影响，故选B。【33题详解】观点态度题。根据Finally, making kindness a habit is an honorable goal. But as with all things, moderation （适度）is key, and sometimes, sacrificing a little too much c
30、an cause more harm than good.”可知，作者认为要学会量力而行，适度是关键，有时，牺牲太多可能弊大于利，故选 Co第二部分本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。The Sport of ConcentrationEvery day, it seems, a new gadget （设备）promises to help me increase the distance and pace I run, or the number of hours I sleep,
31、or the rate of my heartbeats. It will make me a better me,“ or so the story goes.Maybe some of them actually help to do these things, but nonetheless, I still decided to sell all of my sports gadgets a few months ago and simply record my running times with a pen and a notepad. Soon after, I began to
32、 train for a marathon the old-fashioned way, without something on my wrist telling me my pace and current heart rate. As it turned out, running without knowing all that information was a great pleasure.In the past, whenever I was running slower than my smartwatch said I should be, Id force myself to
33、 speed up, even if it was clear that my body didnt want to. But this time, I ran the way I wanted to.On more than a few occasions, when Id look at my notepad following key workouts （锻炼）， I was shocked to see that Id had some real breakthroughs （突破），running much faster than I thought I could. I was s
34、o shocked about these numbers and thought that if Id seen them during the workout itself, I would have probably slowed down. Yet, because I was blind to them, I just kept on running.Another positive thing about getting rid of all my running gadgets is that its helping me concentrate （集中注意力）more on t
35、he running itself. Since I no longer feel like I need technologyto run well, I can go out and run without worrying about whether everything has enough battery power.So, whafs the lesson here? Well, we could very easily replace the example of running with writing, studying, or anything else. No matte
36、r what it is the more time we spend worrying about how to make ourselves better at something, the more our performance is affected.Should you stop using technology to “improve” your performance? Of course, thats up to you. However, if I were to be asked that question, Td certainly say that Fm better
37、 off without it. 34. When did the writer decide to sell all of the sports gadgets?35. Why was the writer shocked?36. Whats another positive thing without any running gadgets?37. What does the writer learn from the example of running?38. What do you think of sports gadgets? Why do you think so?【答案】34
38、. A few months ago.35. Because the writer/she/he had some real breakthroughs, running much faster.36. Ifs helping the writer/her/him concentrate more on the running itself.37. No matter what it is the more time we spend worrying about how to make ourselves better at something, the more our performan
39、ce is affected.38. One possible key: I agree with the writer. I think theyre not necessary for me. Because I dont need technology to run well, I can go out and run without worrying about whether everything has enough battery power.Another possible key: I think they are helpful for me. Because I can
40、know the data from sports gadgets and improve my performance from time to time.【解析】【导语】本文主要是作者结合自己跑步的经历告诉我们，与其依赖那些计数设备来记录跑步 的情况，不如专心地跑步，因为让自己在某件事上做得更好的时间越多，我们的表现就越受 影响。【34题详解】根据I still decided to sell all of my sports gadgets a few months ago”可知，几个月前，决定卖 掉我所有的运动设备，故填A few months ago.35题详解】根据I was sh
41、ocked to see that Id had some real breakthroughs （突破）,running much faster thanI thought I could”可知，作者很震惊地发现有了一些真正的突破，跑得比想象的要快得多， 故填 Because the writer/she/he had some real breakthroughs, running much faster.【36题详解】根据Another positive thing about getting rid of all my running gadgets is that ifs helpi
42、ng me concentrate （集中注意力）more on the running itsef可知，另一个摆脱所有跑步设备的好处是, 它帮助作者更专注于跑步本身，故填 Its helping the writer/her/him concentrate more on the running itself.【37题详解】根据No matter what it is the more time we spend worrying about how to make ourselves better at something, the more our performance is affe
43、cted.”可知，这让作者明白无论如何，我们花在如 何让自己在某件事上做得更好的时间越多，我们的表现就越受影响，故填No matter what it is the more time we spend worrying about how to make ourselves better at something, the more our performance is affected.【38题详解】开放性题，答案合理即可，参考答案为：One possible key: I agree with the writer. I think theyre not necessary fbr me
44、. Because I dont need technology to run well, I can go out and run without worrying about whether everything has enough battery power.Another possible key: I think they are helpful for me. Because I can know the data from sports gadgets and improve my performance from time to time.五、文段表达（共10分）从下面两个题
45、目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的 文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要 出现真实班级或姓名。39.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对中国传统文化很感兴趣。他听说中国成语 （Chinese idioms）背后往往有着一个有趣的故事，想要了解更多。请用英语给他写一封邮件, 介绍一个你熟知的成语（可直接用拼音表示）。请简单解释一下这个成语的意思、说说它背 后的故事和成语的重要性。提示词语： Plugging Ears While Stealing a Bell （yan er dao ling）, refer to, happen, cov
46、er, history提示问题： What is the Chinese idiom you want to share with him? What does it mean? What is the story behind the idiom? Why is Chinese idiom important?Dear Peter,Im glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. As you know, Chinese idiom plays an important role in ourcul
47、ture.Yours,Li Hua【答案】例文Dear Peter,Im glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. As you know, Chinese idiom plays an important role in our culture. Now I would like to introduce to you an idiom: Plugging Ears While Stealing a Bell. This idiom means that it is impossible to l
48、et others know when you have done something bad. Dont deceive yourself or others when you do anything.The idea behind this idiom is that a man covers his ears and steals a bell, thinking he cant hear, and neither can anyone else. In a word, Chinese idioms are very important because they embody the wisdom of life of the Chinese nation. And we can learn a lot from it.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【详解】1 .题干解读：本文是一篇电子邮件。给你的英国笔友Peter介绍一个你熟知的成语， 并简单解释一下这个成语的意思、说说它背后的故事和成语的重要性。2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时；人称采用第三人称为主。写作时需包含三个要点， 成语的意思、背后的故事以及它的重要性。写