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1、大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解 阅读理解（一）The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph, s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defe
2、nce of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art t
3、han painting.Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves一 anything but
4、making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art
5、, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims12. A) containing B) preventing C) keeping D) combating13. A) win B) detail C) defeat D) fear14. A) enormous B) countless C) numerical D) big15. A) bring B) keep C) hold D) take16. A) at B) with C) of D) for17. A) offence B) investment C) invasion D
6、) insult18. A) construction B) facility C) infrastructure D) institution19. A) why B) where C) when D) how20. A) concerning B) concluding C) according D) including三、翻译1、 The train was delayed on account of snow.翻译：.2、 You need to check in on hour before the flight.翻译：3、 Thoughts can also be expresse
7、d by means of musiC.翻译：4、 The shop is now licensed to sell cigarettes.翻译：.5、 You mustn t let the body temperature drop too low.翻译：参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案祥解I.C.说明当代严肃的摄影家对摄影作为艺术的态度，并把他们这些态度放在历 史的进程来观察。见文章大意。他们先为摄影是否是艺术而争辩，后为否定其艺 术而努力。重点放在主题上。A.界定显得主义者对艺术的态度。B.解释摄影是如何作为美术出现的。第一 段涉及，见难句译注2。D.界定当代严肃摄影家对待他
8、们艺术所具有的各种观 点，并评定每种观点的价值。这三项只是文内提到的某些方面，不是主要的。2. D.矛盾的。见难句译注3。A.客观的。B.机械的。C.表面的。3. A.他要列举这样艺术家的例子，他们象当代严肃的摄影家一样抛弃了传统上 被接受的现代艺术目的。见第三段第二句：“举例说，这些认为通过拍照可以摆 脱绘画所表现的艺术的矫饰的摄影家，使我们想起了那些抽象表现主义绘画的严 肃的思想。”B.他想在抽象表现主义画家和古典现代主义画家之间找出相似点。C.他要在 流行艺术家和其它艺术家之间作一个对比。D.他想解释为什么严肃摄影，象其 它当代视觉形式一样不是艺术，而且也不应当充作艺术。4. D.摄影是
9、一种艺术，可以和油画相比美。见难句译注2。A.他们强调摄影是使人们快乐的手段。B.是记录世界的艺术。C.摄影是公正观察世界的工具。阅读理解（二）答案：CDCAB 二、完型填空完型填空（一）1 .【答案】B按意义选词，肯定知道。2 .【答案】D按意义选词，写出一本好的儿童读物是多么的难，应选goodo3 .【答案】C目标定的太高，应选higho4 .【答案】C根据前面的either推断，应选or。5 .【答案】B依据后文nor应选neither,搭配一致。6 .【答案】A后文who hears the story这一定语暗示应选childo7 .【答案】D按意义选词，读书的成年人，应选reads
10、o8 .【答案】A根据unfortunately和in fact应选few。9 .【答案】C得出结论，所以找一本合适的bedtime story这个难题不易解决， 应选SOo10 .【答案】B根据9,应选easyo11 .【答案】D应和句子前面many对应起来，选works,同时应和下文的 “childrens literature 一致。12 .【答案】A根据下文“许多孩子不愿看这一类的儿童文学作品”，所以，这 些作品实际上是给成年人看的，因此，选grown upso13 .【答案】C Alice s Adventure in Wonderland”这一点最为明显，应选obviouso14
11、.【答案】B依据后文interest应选show。15 .【答案】D home和office显然不行，school不够具体，太笼统,应选 libraryo16 .【答案】A根据词和文章的意义选择，更愿意选择用想象力的方法写成的书。17 .【答案】C这些书是为老师和思想正统的父母所反对的，应选objections。18 .【答案】B根据意义选词，接受我们对文学的兴趣，应选acceptingo19 .【答案】C毕竟孩子与成人有区别或不同，应选differento20 .【答案】D既然孩子与成人有区别或不同，家长不应该期盼家长与孩子欣赏 同样的（same）书。完型填空（二）1. A由文中第一行的di
12、gital divide得出答案。2. B obscure模糊的，不清楚的；visible看得见的，明显的；invisible看不 见的；indistinct不清楚的，模糊的。空格前的less已有否定意义3. A force力量，武力；obstacle障碍；event事件；surprise惊奇，诧异。句 意：现在有新的、乐观的力量来对抗数字鸿沟。4. C seriously 认真地;entirely 完全的；actually 实际上；continuously 连 续地。5. B negative 消极的；optimistic 乐观的；pleasant 令人愉快的;disappointed令人失
13、望的。前文说有积极 的力量在对抗数字鸿沟的不利因 素，因此，实际上我们有理由保持乐观的态度。6. D develop 发展；centralize 集中；realize 认识到；commercialize 使商业 化，由下文“网络有利于商业途径的普及”，可知此处表述的意思是网络越来越商业化。in the interest of.为了.的利益7. C user使用者；producer生产者；customer消费者；citizen公民。句意： 越多的人上网就有越多的潜 在消费者。8. B enterprise企业，事业；government政府；official官员；句意：越来越 多的政府害怕他们的
14、国家.9. D leave behind留下，超过与leave相关的短语：leave aside把某事搁 置一边leave out省去，遗漏，不考虑leave off停止，不再穿10. A网络把人们联系在一起，选netted11. B decrease减少，narrow变窄；neglect忽视，疏忽；low降低句意：因 此，我现在认为数字鸿沟是在变窄而不是在拓宽12. D contain包含，容纳；prevent防止，阻止；keep保留，保持；combat战 斗，搏斗13. C win赢得；detail详述，细说；defeat击败，战胜；fear畏惧。14. A enormous 巨大的；co
15、untless 无数的；numerical 数字的。potential 作 名词为不可数，不能用countless修饰，big 一般表示尺寸、数字、范围上的 大。15. D take advantage of 利用16. B with respect to关于，至于with也可换成in.表示关于的还有with regard to, concerning 等。17. C offence 冒犯；investment 投资；invasion 入侵；insult 侮辱18. C construction 建筑;facility 设备；infrastructure 基础设施；institution公共机
16、构，制度。从后文中出 现的infrastructure可以轻易得到答案。19. A表语从句，表示原因，“这也就是为什么.”20. D concerning 关于;concluding 结束的；according 根据；including 包括 三、翻译1、因为大雪，火车晚点了。2、你要提前一小时办理登机手续。3、以音乐形式，也可以表达思想。4、这家商店现在是合法经营香烟。5、你千万要做好保暖措施。of art.Photographers, disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried statu
17、s of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined the
18、y were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography, s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in t
19、he phenomenon of Pop painting during the I960 s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting一that is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse一 presupposes highly deve
20、loped skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties and self-consciousness o
21、f a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as anactivity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity一in short, an art.1. What is
22、the author mainly concerned with? The author is concerned with _A. defining the Modernist attitude toward art.B. explaining how photography emerged as a fine art._C. explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historica
23、l context._D. defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches.2. Which of the following adjectives best describes “the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernismv as the author represents it in
24、lines 1213?A. Objective B. Mechanical. C. Superficial. D. Paradoxical.3. Why does the author introduce Abstract Expressionist painter?A . He wants to provide an example of artists who, like serious contemporary photographers, disavowed traditionally accepted aims of modern art.B . He wants to set fo
25、rth an analogy between the Abstract Expressionist painters and classical Modernist painters._C. He wants to provide a contrast to Pop artist and others._D. He wants to provide an explanation of why serious photography, like other contemporary visual forms, is not and should not pretend to be an art.
26、4. How did the nineteenth-century defenders of photography stress the photography?_A. They stressed photography was a means of making people happy.B. It was art for recording the world._C. It was a device for observing the world impartially._D. It was an art comparable to painting.阅读理解（二）In the Unit
27、ed States, it is not customary to telephone somenone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone cal
28、ls made after 11:00 p. m. . If someone receives a call during sleeping hours , he assumes its a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the
29、invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world ,it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be fo
30、rgotten. The meaning of thime differs in different parts of the worlD. Thus, misunderstandings arise between peopel from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for edample. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsibl
31、e. In the U. S. no noe would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour , it would be too impolite . A person who is 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.1 .“The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after
32、11:00 p. m. . Here attached meansA. taken B. drawn C. given D. shown2.Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at dawn, this would mean.A. the matter is important B. the matter is somewhat important C. the matter requires immediate attention D. it is a matter of life and death 3. According to th
33、is , time plays an important role in. A. everyday life B.shool life C. communications D. private life 4. The best title for this is.A. the voices of time B. the importance of time C. the importance of an ammouncement D. time and tide wait for no man5. According to the , the author of the article may
34、 agree to which of the following statements?A. It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before a dinner party date in U. S. AB. It may be appropriate to send your invitation to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.C. It is best for one
35、to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.D. If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology. 二、完型填空 完型填空(一)Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children. And they must have 1 how difficult it is to write a 2 childr
36、en s book. Either the author has aimed too 3 , so that the children can t follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, 4 the story seems to be talking tothe readers. The best children s books are 5 very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the 6 who hears thestory and the adult who 7 it.
37、 Unfortunately, there are in fact 8 books like this, 9 the problem of findingthe right bedtime story is not 10 to solve. This may be why many of books regarded as 11 of children s literature were in fact written for 12 . “Alices Adventure in Wonderlandvis perhaps the most 13 of this. Children, left
38、for themselves, often 14the worst possible interest in literature. Just leave a child inbookshop o 15 and he will 16 willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way, or have a look at most children s comics, full of the stories and jokes which are the 17 of teachers and right-thinkingparent
39、s. Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash childrensintos 18 our taste in literature. After allchildren and adults are so 19 that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the 20 books. So I suppose we 11 just have to compromise over that bedtime story.1. A. hoped B. realized C. t
40、old D. said2. A. short B. long C. bad D. good3. A. easy B. short C. high D. difficult4. A. and B. but C. or D. so5. A. both B. neither C. either D. very6. A. child B. father C. mother D. teacher.7. A. hears B.buys C. understands D. reads8. A. few B. many C. a great deal of D. a great number of9. A.
41、but B. however C. so D. becauselOA. hard B. easy C. enoughD. fast11. A. articles B. work C. arts D. works12. A. grown ups B.girls C.boys D.children13. A.difficult B.hidden C.obvious D. easy14. A. are B. show C. find D. add15. A.school B. home C. office D. library16. A. more B. less C. able D. be17.
42、A. lovingness B. interests C.objections D. readings18. A.receiving B. accepting C. having D. refusing19. A. same B. friendly C. different D. common20. A. common B. avarage C. different D. Same 完型填空(二)A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide-the division of the wo
43、rld into theinfo(information) rich and the info poor. And that 1 does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this loomingdanger twenty years ago. What was less 2then, however, were the new, positive 3 that work against thedigital divide.4, there are reasons to be 5. There are technological reason
44、s to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more 6, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential 7 there are. More and more 8, afraid their countries will be left _9, want to spread Internet access. With
45、in the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be 10 together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will 11 rather than widen in the years ahea D. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for 12 world poverty that weve ever
46、ha D. Of course,the use of the Internet isnt the only way to 13 poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has 14 potential. To 15 advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices 16 respect to foreign investment. Countries
47、 that still think foreign investment is a/an _17 of their sovereignty might well study the history of 18 (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnt have the capital to do so. And that is 19 Americas Secon
48、d Wave infrastructure-20 roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.1. A) divide B) information C) world D) lecture2. A) obscure B) visible C) invisible D) indistinct3. A) forces B) obstacles C) events D) surprises4. A) Seriously B) Entirely C) Actually D) Continuously5. A) negative B) optimistic C) pleasant D) disappointed6. A) developed B) centralized C) realized D) commercialized7. A) users B) producers C) customers D) citizens8. A) enterprises B) governments C) officials D) customers