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1、2023届上海市高三英语冲刺模拟卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10 分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use o
2、ne word that best fits each blank.We Must Act Now to Protect Our Threatened OceansLast week, climate strikers young and old came out in force to call upon the government to act with greater urgency in tackling the global climate emergency.They (21) very well feel a need to step up their demands upon
3、 hearing the awful findings of the special report on the ocean and cryosphere (低温层)in a changing climate, released on Wednesday by the International Panel on Climate Change.The report highlighted the intimate connections which exist between our climate, our oceans and our very existence.lt presented
4、 the scientific evidence (22) our warming climate is placing marine and frozen areas of our planet in grave danger, with some changes happening at a much larger scale and faster rate than previously (23) ( predict).Urgent action is needed (24) we are to keep our planet and our oceans safe and habita
5、ble.This requires (25) ( ambitious) targets to reduce our carbon emissions and to shift our energy system away from polluting fossil fuels towards 100% renewable energies.Change is also needed in international cooperation around (26) our oceans are protected.It is hoped that early next year UN membe
6、r states (27) ( sign) a strong global ocean treaty that could pave the way for the creation of marine sanctuaries (禁猎区),(28) ( place) at least 30% of oceans off limits to human activities such as commercial fishing and oil and gas exploration.This is a crucial step towards restoring marine ecosystem
7、s and securing a sustainable future for those (29) livelihoods depend on our oceans.The government has been a vocal champion for ocean conservation.Now is the time for Britain (30) ( turn) political will into decisive action by leading the way with a new global ocean treaty.The prime minsters direct
8、 involvement could make the difference between a watered-down agreement or a powerful one.Section B (10 分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Theres been a
9、warning about the immediate death of literate civilization for a long time.In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to bring disaster for the written world.None did.Reading (31) ； in fact, it has thrived.The world is more (32) than ever before-there are m
10、ore and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worryabout.The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has (33) shown the way forward for reading and for writing.Take the arrival of e- book reader
11、s as an example.Devices like Amazons Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are now (34) .Inter-connectivity allow for a reading experience that was (35) ima
12、ginable before.Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with a (n) (36) number of links： to texts, pictures and videos.In the future, the way people write novels, history and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the othe
13、r hand, there is the danger of underestimating.One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long (37) of the great novels.War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking.We should fear the fragmentation (碎片化)of reading.There is the danger that the high-speed (38) of the internet will
14、reduce our attention span - that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep (39) .In such a fast- changing world, in which reality seems to be (40) each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us.This has always been the function of litera
15、ture and we should be careful not to let it disappear.Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology as well as make sense of a dynamic yet confusing world.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15 分)Directions: For each blank in the following
16、 passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Has someone ever told you something that made you doubt your own memory or judgment? If so, you may be a 41 of gaslighting. Gaslighting is a kind of psychological abus
17、e to gain42 over others by purposely making other people think theyre wrong even when theyreright.The term comes from Patrick Hamiltons play in 1938. Lead character Jack Manningham seeks to convince his wife Bella that she is 43,by saying she is imagining the dimming(变暗)of the gas light in their hom
18、e, when it was actually he who lowered the brightness of the light.Gaslighting is initially used to talk about what happens in romantic relationships. However; many individuals also experience gaslighting at work.44, a recent survey has found that 58%of the respondents said they have experienced gas
19、lighting at work. Its 45 sincegaslighting usually involves a power relationship and a need to control others. In the workplace, the 46 between a boss and his employee can be the perfect breeding (滋生的)groundfor this type of behavior. Your boss might tell you to handle an assignment in a certain way,
20、but when you do, he gets 47 and says it wasnt what he wanted. It makes you feel like yourmemory is 48.In other situations, your boss may exclude you from a meeting 49and when you ask him about it, he might accuse you of being too sensitive instead of answering your question directly.In order to find
21、 out whether your bosss behavior really 50 gaslighting or he is just a poor communicator; you could write down your experiences and ask yourself what reallyhappened, what his motives might have been, and how your emotion was51. But alwaysbe careful because gaslighters know how to fly under the radar
22、（雷达）.They are skilled at weakening an employees confidence and sense of reality in a clever and 52 way.To protect yourself, at the end of the conversation with your boss, repeat back what you heard and follow up with an e-mail restating the main points, 53 the interactionsbetween you two.But dont ge
23、t your hopes high that this will automatically solve the problem,Robin Stern, author of The Gaslight Effect, warns, because its hard to get a gaslighter to 54 his behavior pattern. If things dont improve, you may want to consider getting out of the gaslighting situation by looking for a new position
24、. It may be one of the best things you can do foryour 55 well-being.41. A. creator42. A. power43. A. having fun44. A. By comparison45. A. unsurprising46. A. harmonies47. A.annoyed48. A. visual49. A. at random50. A. recommends51. A. facilitated52. A. hard-to-prove53. A. interrupting54. A. submit55. A
25、. emotionalSection B （22 分）B. victimB. wealthB. feeling angryB. Worse stillB. irrelevantB. dynamicsB. interestedB. painfulB. for sureB. constitutesB. affectedB. easy-to-spotB. overcomingB. attainB. physicalC. hostC. supportC. going crazyC. After allC. unnecessaryC. phasesC. frightenedC. faultyC. in
26、timeC. escapesC. representedC. safe-to-learnC. abandoningC.changeC. virtualD. scholarD. experienceD. becoming youngerD. In factD. improperD. replacementsD. excitedD. lastingD. on purposeD. discoversD. monitoredD. tough-to-surviveD. documentingD. forgiveD. economicDirections: Read the following three
27、 passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Whats wrong with being an amateur? While reading a re
28、cently published report saying many people who attend plays are themselves involved in a form of amateur drama, August Schulenburg of the Flux Theatre Ensemble questioned the divide between amateurs and professional artists.One reason for the barrier; he suggests, is fear. When professional arts org
29、anizations perceive their value under threat, thevmust draw rigid lines to protect it. Amateurs are pushed aside out of fear that theywill somehow endanger the professional brands.But for Schulenburg, its an outmoded attitude towards amateurs. The professional artist must be among them and of them;
30、the amateur must be an equal partner at the table. It sounds a lot like he is advocating the kind of large-scale community work. If so, he might have a point.The importance of forming a community rather than a passive audience is something Douglas MacLennan also picked up on recently over a blog. In
31、 a post headlined Pay attention! If selling tickets is your business model, youve got a problem, he argues that theatres and other arts institutions will only survive if they build community rather than audience. The idea is that you give the public reasons to engage with your company, you build loy
32、alty so that their support is more than just a consumer transaction （ 交易 ）.Abigail Katz, a regular theater-goer, wonders whether theatres offer good value for money. She has written recently in a post at the Playgoer blog that much of the theatre doesnt do anything . doesnt make me feel anything.Lyn
33、n Conner, one author of the report, also mentioned *1 believe what todays potential arts audiences most want out of an arts event is the opportunity to co-author meaning. They dont want the arts; they want the experience. They want to gain the cultural rights by forming and exchanging opinions that
34、are valued in the community.56. What do the two underlined pronouns they respectively refer to?A. rigid lines; professional brandsB. amateurs; professional arts organizationsC. professional brands; rigid linesD. professional arts organizations; amateurs57. Which of the following does August Schulenb
35、urg agree with?A. Rigid lines must be drawn to protect professional arts.B. It is unwise for theatres to overlook amateur audience.C. Theatres must produce serious plays to attract the audience.D. The artists should dine together with the amateurs at the table.58. In paragraph 4, the words of Abigai
36、l Katz are cited.A. to highlight the necessity of surveying customers feelingsB. to emphasize the importance of advertising through blogsC. to indicate the failure of theatres to engage the audienceD. to complain about the high price of the theatre plays59. According to this passage, theatres should
37、 put first.A. the audiences sense of participationC. the actors1 personal experiencesB. the quality of professional playsD. the control of cultural rights（B）The 2022 World Cup has come to an end. Lets review some facts about the hi-tech turf 皮）that Qatar had spent much of its energy on.Qatar, a dese
38、rt nation, had three main challenges: water, air and light. It got almost every condition going against it. The water used to irrigate （灌溉）the grass is low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatars stadiums were built for maximum shade great for preventing heatstroke, but l
39、ess ideal for photosynthesis （光合作用）.Inside the nearlv-closed stadiums, theres very little air movement.Qatar identified pirch （球场）quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport TurfResearch and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing first
40、24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turfs grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.The following pictures show some tech facts about the turf, which ensures a consistent and durable surface for the players in all weather conditions.It is
41、 tested with 30-7024 types of grass were tested in extreme climate.percent shade, as half of the pitch at the stadium is in shadow.There are aeration and drainage networks below the turf.Technology in the grass:The pitch is covered by 7,848 square meters of 4-centimeter-thick turf.Artificial threads
42、:They are sewnl8 centimeters deep into the natural turf.which enables faster recovery of the turf.Drainage system:It prevents the turf from being too wet due to rainfall.Aeration system: Cool air is provided, which regulates temperature and gas exchange in root zone.60. What information can we learn
43、 from the passage?the conditions against grass growing in Qatar(Dthe material the stadiums were built with()the supplier of the turf grassthe efforts Qatar made to select the most suitable grass(5)the technology involved in making the turfthe tough challenges facing the football playersA.B.C.D.61. A
44、tlas Turfs grass is chosen probably because.A. it has very little air movementB. it becomes rough in windy weatherC. it is shade-tolerantD. it appears to have a golden color62. Which of the following is TRUE about the turf?A. 24 types of grass have been planted on the turf.B. Damage to the turf can
45、be recovered quickly.C. Artificial grass covers 70 percent of the turf.D. Water can be saved at the bottom of the turf.(C)Peter and Minke van Wingerden have created something wild: a herd of cows floating on the sea. The Dutch husband-and-wife teams experiment on sustainable agriculture, called Floa
46、ting Farm, can be found in the port of Rotterdam. The modernist structure houses 40 cows, who collectively produce some 200 gallons of milk a day. In addition to helping nourish (la) the local community, the waterborne farm is playing a part in the global conversation about how the climate crisis is
47、 pushing farmers to reconsider how and where-_they produce food.Floods, extreme heating, droughts and even rising night temperatures have sent the food system off balance. The race to outsmart the constant attack of extreme weather has made the world of farming unrecognizable from what it was only d
48、ecades ago. A team of scientists in Mexico is developing wheat types that can adapt themselves to different climates, while Jacks Solar Garden in Longmont, Colorado, is a tested for the emerging method of solar farming.Rotterdam has already established itself as one of the most climate-adaptive places in the world.Everything from office buildings to entire neighborhoods are built on water in the city, which is 90% below sea level. The Wingerdens Floating Farm was a new but necessary atte