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1、8BUnitl3现在完成时语法（完整讲解）和练习（含答案） 一、现在完成时讲解8BUnitl 语法1 .构成：have / has +动词过去分词. MX I）过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。She has lived here since she was bom.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years.（注意：动词必须为延续性动词）2）发生在过去，对现在有影响的动作。I have lost my key, so I cant get into my house.Who ha
2、s cleaned the window? Its really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won 7 see it tonight.3）到目前为止，事情发生的次数。I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?口现在完成时的不同句式：1） She has lived in Wuxi
3、 since 2002.Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.She hasn9t lived in Wuxi since 2002.How long has she lived in Wuxi?2） They have been to Shanghai three times.Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have. / No, they havent.They havent been to Shanghai three times.H
4、ow many times have they been to Shanghai?3） 完成时常和以下时间状宿连用:1） already已经肯定句/特殊疑问句yet 还，仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already. 句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasnt finished her homework yet. 句末2） ever 曾经 肯定句/ 一破疑问句never 从未 否定句I have ever s
5、een the film.（肯定句）Have you ever seen this film?（一般疑问句）I have never seen the film.（否定句）3） since自从+过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间（表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态）我爸爸在这住 了 二十年 了。My father has lived here for 20 years.=My father has lived here since 20years ago.自爸爸到无锡以来，就一直住在这儿。My father has lived here since he came to
6、 Wuxi.4） .a. just 刚刚，刚才 He has just eaten the food.b. befbre 以前 I have seen her before.5） recently 最近，近来 The workers have built 2 bridges recently.6）up to now / so far / till now 到现在为止，迄今为止We have seen the film three times up to now/far./far./ till now.7) once / twice/ three times. / how many timesS
7、he has been to Shanghai three times.8) in /during/ over the past / last. years /.Many things have happened in/during/over the past three months.4 .动词过去分词的构成1 .加 ed/d2 .不规则：1 .)No change 没变化 come come / hurt hurt2 .)Change the vowel 变元音 hold held / win won3 ) Change the consonant 变辅音 lend lent / buil
8、d built4)Change the vowel and Ihe consonanl 变元音和辅音catch caught / keep kept / forget forgotten / tell told5) Others 其它 be been / have had / fhll fallen / fly flown / draw drawn / see seen 8BUnit2 语法1 . have/has gone to sp. 去了某地(还没回来)Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong . They will come back ne
9、xt week.Suzy is not at home at the moment. She has gone to the bookshop.2 . have/ha$ been to去过某地(已回来)Millc and Amy have been to South Hill. They want to go there again.Sandy has never been to South Hill. She wants (o go with them. Where have you been? I have been to the teachers oftice.3 .have /has
10、been in/at /on .+ 一段时间在某地呆一段时间My parents and I have been in Hong Kong for two days.They have been on the farm since they got married.4 .延续性动词(肯定句)+ for/since.怎样将短暂性动词变为可延续的动作或状态？get a letter from sb. / hear from sb. have a letter from e back /go back /return to sp. *be back in sp get married /marry
11、be married become interested in be interested inbuy have /own;borrow keeparrive/come/go to * be in;become a be aleave be away (from);join* be in / be a member ofdie be dead;opcn/close be open / closedstart/begin be on;stop /finish/ end * be overcatch a cold have a cold ;get to know knowgo to sleep b
12、e asleep / sleep ;get out/ up be out / upfall ill be ill;fall asleep be asleepwake up be awake;get married /marry be married.短暂性动词，如 come, go , bu、 leave 可用于否定句 + for / since. for + 一段时间since +过去时间点/一般过去时从句8BUnit3 语法一般过去时VS现在完成时.现在完成时构成 ：have/has + 动词过去分词意义：1)过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。You have studied in th
13、is school since 2014.2)发生在过去，对现在有影响的动作。Who has cleaned the window , its really clean.3)到目前为止，事情发生的次数。My uncle has been to France twice.现在完成时常与以下时间连用already, yet ； ever, never； fbr., since.； just ； recently;so far = until /till now=up to now; once, twice, some times, many times.in/over/during the pas
14、t/last + 一段时间 等.一般过去时一般过去时：表示动作发生在过去（谈论的是过去的事实） 一般过去时常与以下时间连用yesterday, last, . ago , in 1980, just now, the other day（那天，前几天）等。1） some day （将来）某天总有一天你的愿望会实现的。Your wishes will conic tnic some day.总有一天你会实现你的梦想的。Youll realize your dream some day .2） the other day = a fbw days ago （过去） 前几天、 那天那天我在街上碰见过
15、她。I met her in the street the other day.这手表我是前几天买的。I bought the watch the other day.3） one day （过去的）某天+ （将来的）某天4） the next day （过去）第 ：天二、现在完成时练习（含答案）L写出下列动词的过去分词borrow send hope watch make say get grow plan hit cry enjoy2：写出下列短暂性动词的非延续性形式。buy arrive/come/go to leave die get married stop /finish/ end
16、 get to know become interested in fall ill wake up3.单项选择borrow_ become a join opcn/close start/begincatch a coldgo to sleep_ get out/ up fall asleep1. （2021秋江苏南通八年级南通田家炳中学校考阶段练习）一Is your brother a League member?一Yes, he the League three years ago. He a League member fbr three years.A. joined; has be
17、en B. has joined; has beenC. was joined; is D. joined; was（2021 秋江苏八年级统考期末）Her grandfather a car in 2007. He the car fbr 10 years.A.buys; has boughtB.bought; has hadC.buys; has hadD.bought; has bought（2021 秋江苏扬州八年级校考期中）Jack Rose in 1998. That is to say, they fbr 15 years.A.got married with;havegot m
18、arriedB.got married to; havemarriedC.married; have beenmarriedD.married to; have been married（2021秋江苏镇江八年级校考阶段练习）一How long you here?_fifteen minutes ago.A. have; been; SinceB. have; been; For C. have; arrived; Since D. did; arrive; For（2021秋江苏苏州八年级统考期中）Peter,you 1力S/NGER（我是歌手）?Of course, I it last F
19、riday night.A. did; seen; saw B. did; see; have seen C. have; seen; saw D. do; see; saw（2021 秋江苏苏州八年级校考阶段练习）We some places of interest since we China.A. visited； arrivedB. have visited； arrivedC.have visited； reachedD.visited； reached（2021 秋江苏苏州八年级校考期中）Wanda Square for half a year, but I there so fa
20、r.A.has opened, havcn*t gotB.has been open, havent beenC.has been open, havent goneD.has opened, havent been（2021 秋江苏苏州八年级校考期末）一How many times has your brother abroad?Only once. He to Japan in 2018.A. been; went B. gone; wentC. been; has gone D. gone; has gone（2021秋江苏南京八年级南京市金陵汇文学校校考开学考试）一What a bea
21、utiful car!When you it?I it fbr two years.A. did; buy; boughtB. did; buy; have hadC. have; bought; have boughtD. have; bought; had（2021 秋 江苏南通八年级校考阶段练习）Yesterday Millie me her diet沁nary and said I couldit fbr a week.A. lent; borrowB. borrowed; haveC. borrowed; keepD. lent; keep（2021秋 江苏南通八年级校考期中）一Mr
22、 White, when the guide?一She fbr half an hour.A. did, leave; has been awayB. docs, leave; has leftC. has, been away; has leftD. has, left; has left（2021 秋 江苏宿迁八年级阶段练习）More than 20 people in traffic accidents lastweek.A. died; fbrB. have been dead; sinceC. have died; fbrD. have been dead, fbr（2021 秋江苏
23、八年级统考期末）Jims father to London last month. He?there threetimes.A. went; has gone B. has gone; has been C. went; has beenD. has been; has gone（2022 秋,江苏淮安八年级校考期末）It over 100 years since the Communist Party.A. was; was set up B. has been; was set upC. has been; set upD. was; set up（2022秋江苏苏州八年级苏州高新区实验初
24、级中学校考期末）一Has your cousin the HumbleAdministrator Garden （拙政园）?Yes, and I think shell be back soon because visitors to leave before 5:30 p.m.A. been to; tell B. gone to; arc told C. been to; arc told D. gone to; tell（2022 秋 江苏常州八年级统考期末）Has your cousin the Great Wall?Sure. He there with me last summer
25、.A.been to; has gone B. gone to;wentC.gone to; has goneD.been to; went（2022 秋 江苏苏州八年级统考期中）Ten years since they Shanghai.A.have passed; arrived atB.has passed; got toC.passed; reachedD.has passed; reachedto（2022秋江苏苏州八年级苏州市立达中学校校考期中）Over 2 years since Kobe Bryantin a plane crash.A. have passed, was de
26、adB. has passed, has diedC. have passed, diedD. has passed, died（2021秋江苏南京八年级南京市第二十九中学校联考阶段练习）一How long the play? It half an hours ago.A. has; been over; has finishedB. did; finished; finishedC. has; been over; finishedD. has; gone to; after（2021 秋江苏南京八年级校考阶段练习）It is said that a couple of years sinc
27、e the old manA. has passed; has dead B. has passed; died C. have passed; died D. have passed; had died（2021秋江苏南京八年级校考阶段练习）一Can I borrow your bike?Sorry, Mary it. I it to her this morning.A. lent; borrowed B. has borrowed; tended C. lent; has borrowedD. has borrowed; lent（2021秋江苏南京八年级南京第五初中校考阶段练习）一He
28、llo, Tom. Where is Jack now?Maybe he to the library. But he here an hour ago.A. has gone; stayed B. has been; stayed C. has been; has stayed D. went; has stayed（2022 秋江苏苏州,八年级校考期中）My uncle the club in 2014. He the club for over3 years.A. joined; has been a member ofB. joined; has joinedC. has joined
29、; has joinedD. has joined; has been inthis school?this school?2. （2021秋江苏泰州八年级统考期中）一How long youFor two years.A. have; arrived atB. did; come toC. have; come toD. have; taught in（2022 秋江苏苏州八年级校考期中）Hurry up! The concert. It for ten minutes.A. has begun; has begunB. has been on; beganC. has begun; has
30、 been onD. began; has been on（2022秋重庆万州八年级统考期末）一Long time no see!Oh! It ten years since we met each other last time.A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. have been（2022秋江西萍乡八年级统考期末）一Where is Miss. Wang?She to New York. She there three times.A. has been; has goneB. has gone; has goneC. has gone; has beenD. has
31、been; has been（2022 秋重庆渝中八年级重庆巴蜀中学校考期末）1 havent seen your father for a long time. Where has he ?He Beijing fbr a month. Hell be back next week.A. been： have been inB. gone； have been inC. gone： has been inD. gone； has gone to（2022 秋北京朝阳八年级统考期末）Zhang Guimci as a teacher in Yunnan Province since 1990.
32、A. worksB. has worked C. is working D. will work（2022 秋江西赣州八年级统考期末）一Look! The light is still on in teachers5 office.Maybe Mr. Wang his work yet.A. doesnt finishB. wont finishD. hasnt finishedthe books from library. IB. lent; have borrowedthem fbr two weeks.C. didnt finish（2022秋广西贺州八年级统考期末） A. borrow
33、ed; have borrowedC. borrowed; have keptD. lent; have kept（2022 秋广东江门八年级统考期末）一Have you ever to the Great Wall, Jill?Yes. I there last summer.A. go; goB. been; went C. gone; went D. gone; been（2022全国八年级假期作业）How long here?For only five minutes. My sister here with me.A. have you been; walkedB. are you;
34、 has walkedC. are you; walkedD. have you gone; has walked（2022全国八年级假期作业）（2017无锡周铁学区联盟月考）一You Joyland in Changzhou lastsummer?No. I of a place called Joyland.A. have visited; havent heardB. visited; haven?t heardC. have visited; didnt hearD. visited; didnt hear（2022 秋,八年级单元测试）Yesterday, Millie her di
35、ctionary to me, and said I could itfbr a week.A. lent; borrowed B. borrowed; had C. borrowed; keep D. lent; keep（2022全国,八年级假期作业）一Hi, I you for a long time.I in Hong Kong. Tve just come back.A.havent seen;shall beB.didnt see; will beC.havent seen;wasD.haven,t seen; am（2022全国八年级假期作业）Not only my father
36、 but also 1 Nanjing fbr a month.A.have been inB.have been toC.have gone toD.have arrived in（2022 秋八年级单元测试）I cant believe my ears. Mr Smith was quite well when I saw him last summer.How long he?A. did; dieB. was; deadC. was; dying D. has; been dead（2022全国八年级假期作业）The big changes in the city also us so
37、me.A. has brought; questionB. have brought; problemC. has brought; questionsD. have brought; problems（2021 秋广东深圳八年级校考阶段练习）Great changes in China since the Peoples Republic ofChina in 1949.A.have taken place; was foundedB.has taken place;was foundedC.have been taken place; foundedD.took place; （bunde
38、d（2021 秋黑龙江鹤岗八年级统考期末）Tom to Shanghai last week, he there twice.A.has gone; has wentB.went; has beenC.has gone; has been toD.went; has gone（2023春北京大兴八年级统考期末）一What did you do yesterday?I some food and drinks fbr the coming party.A. buyB. boughtC. buysD. will buy（2022春北京西城八年级统考期末）一What，s wrong, Eric?I
39、my left foot yesterday.A. hurtB. was hurtingC. hurtsD. will hurt（2022 春北京昌平八年级统考期末）My family went to the Summer Palace and we a great time there.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. are having（2022春山东东营,八年级东营市东营区实验中学校考期末）My fatherhis mobile phoneeverywhere, but he couldnt it.A. looked for; look fbr B. looked
40、 for; findC. found; find D. found; look fbr（2022 秋河北衡水八年级期末）As soon as she here, she called me up.A. arrives B. arrivedC. was arriving D. is arriving（2022春 北京海淀八年级北京市师达中学校考期中）My brother a song in the school show lastweek.A. singsB. will singC. sangD. has sung（2022春北京海淀 八年级北京二十中校考期中）Sue to Penang wit
41、h her parents last year.A. travelledB. travelsC. will travelD. has travelled（2022 春北京房山八年级统考期中）一What did Lucy do yesterday afternoon?She her parents do the housework.A. helpsB. is helpingC. helpedD. will help参考答案1 . borrow _borrowed_ send _sent_ hopehoped watch _watchedmake _made_ say _said get _got
42、_ grow _grown plan _planned_ hithitcry cried_ enjoy _enjoyed.写出下列短暂性动词的非延续性形式。buy_have/has hadborrow _have/has keptarrive/come/go to _have/has been in become a have/has been aleave _have/has been away fromjoin _have/has been a member ofdie _have/has been deadopen/close _have/has been open/closedget
43、married _have/has been married start/begin have/has been on stop /finish/ end _have/has been over catch a cold _have/has had a cold get to know_havc/has known go to sleep _havc/has been asleepbecome interested in _have /has been interested in get out/ up_have/has been out/upfall ill_have/has been illfall asleep_have/has been asleepwake up havc/has been awake3单项选择1. A 2. B 3.C 4.A 5. C6. C7. B8. A9. B10. D11. A 12. B 13.C 14.B 15. B16. D 17. B 18.D 19.C20. B21.D22.A23.A24.D25.C26.C27.C28.C 29.B 30.D31.C32.B33.A 34.B35.D36.C37.A 38.D39.D40.A41.B42.B43.A44.B45.B46.B47.C48.A 49.C