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1、2023届广东省名校高三下学期5月仿真模拟考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解From life-saving medical technologies to everyday household items, these four brilliant women left an indelible mark on history with their inventions.Modern ironing board by Sarah BooneBefore the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks bala
2、nced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invention, Bone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing boards legs folded for storage and designed a curved （少R形的）shape for the body
3、to accommodate sleeves and curved areas. Alongside her invention, Boone also became one of the first African-American woman to receive a patent.Silk by Empress Lei ZuThough there is no way of confirming the account, ancient writings （including Confucius9） attribute the first invention of silk to the
4、 Chinese Empress Lei Zu, who was four-teen at the time and had been enjoying tea in the imperial gardens when a fateful incident took place. A cocoon （茧）fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness （粘结性） upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had draw
5、n Lei Zus attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.Caller ID and call waiting by Shirley Ann JacksonDr Shirley Ann Jackson broke the glass ceiling as the first African-American woman to be awarded a doctorate from MIT. She contributed to the invention of caller ID and call
6、waiting during her research period at AT&.T Bell Laboratories, so we can now see the phone number and name of whoever is ringing our phones.Spray-on skin repair technique by Fiona WoodDr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s. The technique changed the way
7、 in which bum victims used to be treated, as spray-on skin repair technique can be directly applied to wounds to form a new layer of skin that promotes healing and minimises the risk of infection.1. What can we learn about Sarah Boone?A. She learned a lot from ironing.B. She solved the problem of wa
8、shing.A few months later, when I was walking to the bakery, I saw a woman standing in the middle of the crosswalk.参考答案：1. C 2. B 3. D【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性。1 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“Befbre the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invent
9、ion, Boone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing boards legs folded for storage and designed a curved （弧形的）shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas.（在发明之前，衣服是在椅子之间的木
10、板 上熨烫的。虽然这看起来像是一个简单的发明，但Boone在其中投入了很多想法，这在最 终产品中是显而易见的。除了解决最初熨烫不均匀的问题外，Boone还将熨衣板的腿折叠起 来存放，并为木板设计了一个弯曲的形状，以容纳袖子和弯曲的区域）“可知，Sarah Boone 发明的烫衣板是一件有用的家具。故选C项。2 .细节理解题。根据第三段中A cocoon （茧）fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness （粘结 性）upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a si
11、ngle strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu，s attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.（只茧掉进了她的茶 杯里，一接触到热水就失去了粘性。蚕茧是一根单丝，这引起了嫖祖的注意，她把丝线织成 织物，制成了丝绸）“可知，嫖祖在花园喝茶时，一只茧掉进了她的杯子里。这个意外让她发 现了蚕丝。故选B项。3 .细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the
12、 1990s.（菲奥娜伍德医生在20世纪90年代向世界介绍了皮肤喷雾修复技术户可 知，Fiona Wood首创了用喷雾治疗皮肤烧伤的技术，为医疗事业做出了贡献。故选D项。4 . A 5. C 6. A 7. C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病，在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失 去“父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new
13、best friends forlife!（我父亲是那种可以走进一间满 是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！户可推知，作者的父亲在患病前 是一个善于交际的人，外向的人。故选A。2细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimers Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us.（我们的 第一步是参加由阿尔茨海默氏症协会主办的会议，了解更多关于这种疾病的知识和可能帮助 我们的
14、项目广可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病 协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。3 .细节理解题。根据第五段Thats why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer9s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I dont want another person in m
15、y family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer disease.（这就是为什么我最近决定给阿尔茨海默氏 症协会留下一份礼物，把它命名为我退休计划的受益人的原因。我未来的礼物将提供资金支 持研究，因为我不希望我的家人或其他家庭的人患上阿尔茨海默病厂可知，作者留给了阿尔 茨海默氏症协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。4 .推理判断题。根据最后一段I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their
16、fights to Alzheimers in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimers.（我很 自 豪能够 以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默氏症斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我, 我希望，通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默氏症的斗争中来厂可推知， 作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A【导语】
17、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍哥德堡大学的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木 取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。8 .细节理解题。根据第一段“Conifers （针叶树）are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous （落叶的）trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the
18、best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.（针叶树通常比阔叶树更能净 化空气中的污染物。但是落叶树木在吸收微粒污染方面可能做得更好。哥德堡大学领导的一 项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型）”可知，净化空气的最佳 树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。故选D。9 .细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven
19、different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden （GBG） to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed.（哥德堡 大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园（GBG）同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子和针叶, 以分析它们吸收了哪些物质）”可知，哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园内同 一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子，目的是分析它们吸收了哪些物质。故选C。10 .细节理解题。根据第四段“A total of 32 different poll
20、utants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths （多环芳 煌）.In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines.（总共分析了 32种不同的污染物,其中一些与不同大小的物品结合在一起。 还有一些是气态的
21、。这个项目的重点是路径。在城市中，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，这 些污染物是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放的厂可知，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，它们是 由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放出来的。故选A。11 .细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions.（虽然树 木和绿色时代有助于改善城市的空气质量，但归根结底，最重要的措施是减
22、少排放）”可知, 改善城市空气质量的最有效方法减少排放。故选A。12 . D 13. D 14. B 15. B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了人工智能具有了谈判和其他一些外交技能。13 .细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators （调解员）.（研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚 拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向）”可知，虚拟健身教练可能从这项研究工作中受益。故选 Do14 .词句猜测题。根据划线词上
23、文“In the game of diplomacy, seven players（在外交游戏中，七 名玩家）”和下文“control of Europe（控制欧洲）”可知，划线词所在句子表示“在外交游戏中，七 名选手争夺对欧洲的控制权由此可知，划线词vied的意思是“竞争”，和competed意思相 近，故选D。15 .推理判断题。根据第三段First, the Al agenfs com-munication is grounded in multistep planning. Second, the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play wit
24、hin the range of human common practice首先，人工智能主体的通信建立在多步骤规划的基础上。第二。人工智能 代理将其言论和游戏玩法保持在人类通常做法的范围内户和第四段“To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10% of players whod played at least two games. In a game that involves language and negot
25、iation, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting J said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University为了测试它的技能，研究人员让人工智能和人类玩了 40场在线游戏。它在至少 玩过两款游戏的玩家中排名前10%。”在一个涉及语言和谈判的游戏中，智能体能达到与人 类相当的水平是非常令人兴奋的，“哥伦比亚大学的计算机科学家Yu说厂可推知，作者提到 人工智能代理是为了说明人工智能的优势。故选B。16 .主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Now, an AI alg
26、orithm （算法）from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators （调解员）.（现在，一家高科技公司的 人工智能算法显示
27、，它可以在外交游戏中击败许多人类，这需要战略规划和与其他玩家的谈 判。研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向）“可知，本文主 要介绍了人工智能具有的谈判和其他一些外交技能。由此可知，最好的标题是B选项“AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy（人工智能学会了外交艺术故选B。17 . E 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G【导语本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何为惊险的徒步旅行做准备。16 .根据上文“You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge
28、.（在挑战开 始前，你至少需要提前三个月训练你的身体。）”和下文“You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance.（你可以从小步开始，逐渐进行更多的练 习并增加距离。”可推测设空处应该是制定训练计划，然后按时训练，E项”制订一个有规 律的时间表，并严格遵守。”符合语境。故选E。17 .根据本段标题“Choose your clothes carefully （仔细选择你的衣服）和下文“Wear light absorbent pants to reduce fricti
29、on and promote absorption of sweat.（穿轻薄的裤子可以减少摩擦, 促进汗水的吸收）”可知本段主要讲要穿适合的衣服,F项“穿合适的，能让你自由活动的衣服产 符合语境。故选F。18 . 根据下文“You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes.（在购买最合适的登山鞋之前，你必须考虑各种因素。户可知本段是关于如何选择鞋 子的，所以A项“选择合适的鞋”是本段的主题。故选A。19 .根据下文“These are primary tools to h
30、elp you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places.（这些都是帮助你找到方向、供水点、应急塔和其他地方的主要工具。厂可 知，设空处应是要携带的工具，C项“随身携带指南针、地图和GPS。”符合语境。故选C。20 . 根据上文“Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience.（徒步 旅行是一种可以让人保持健康、享受乐趣和增强复原力的方式。）”可知后文是对前面进行总 结，所以只有计划好，才会有一个美好的
31、徒步旅行体验，G项“充分的计划将有助于获得美 妙的户外体验。”符合语境。故选G。21 . C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D30. A 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了迈克抓住机会，做了他想做的事。这表明这个 世界充满了机遇，忽视它们或抓住它们取决于一个人的态度。21 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也为学校收集并清理了垃圾。A.bag包；B. mouse老鼠； C. refuse 垃圾；D. beggar 乞讨者。根据上文“M汰e used to be a janit
32、or （看门人）at an elementary school. He collected and cleared away”可知，迈克作为学校的看门人，能收集并清理的应该是 学校的垃圾。故选C。22 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校在迈克心中有着特殊的地位。A. special特殊的； B. formal 正式的;C. mobDe 无线的；D. confusing 令人困惑的。根据下文“He went to this school as a young boy and was a teacher there for 19 years.”可知，这所学校对迈克来说是很特殊的存 在。故选A。2
33、3 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他从事教学工作之前，他曾在同一所学校担任看门 人。A. lived 居住；B. worked 工作；C. studied 研究;D. arrived 到达。根据下文in the same school as a janitor”可知，这里是指迈克从事教学工作之前的工作。故选B。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一向善于与学生交流。A. quarrelling争吵;B. debating争 论；C. fighting 打架；D. communicating 交流。根据下文“Seeing this, the teachers 5 him to pursue a
34、 teaching career. ”可知，这里指迈克善于与学生交流。故选D。25 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一点，老师们鼓励他从事教学事业。A. commanded要求；B. encouraged 鼓励；C. constructed 建设；D. allowed 允许。根据下文“him to pursue a teaching career”可知，这是其他老师们鼓励迈克去做的事情。故选B。26 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力和坚定的决心，迈克于2003年完成了学位， 并在这所小学找到了一份教学工作。A.determination决心；B. appreciation感激；C. s
35、uffering 遭受痛苦；D. impression印象。根据下文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，迈克完成了 学位，所以他应该是需要付出很多的努力和决心。故选A。27 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. rejected拒绝；B.obtained获得;C. offered 提供；D. reformed改革。根据上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，迈克完成了学位， 所以他会获得学校的工作。故选B。28 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他就成了学校里一个固定的人物。A. candidate 候选人；
36、B. reporter记者；C. figure人物；D. cyclist骑自行车的人。根据上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003 and 7a teaching job at the elementary school.“可知，迈克完成了 学位并获得了在学校教学的工作，所以他应该是学校的固定人物了。故选C。29 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，重要的是，学生们在成长过程中不仅要记住课程， 还要记住老师给他们的感受。A. sufferings遭受痛苦；B. classmates同班同学；C. pleasures 快乐；D. lessons 课程。根据上文“th
37、e students grow up not just remembering the”可知，学生上 学要记住的最根本的是课程。故选D。30 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克很兴奋能在学校教孩子们，并准备教五年级的学生。A. prepared 准备;B. guided 引导;C. pressed D. depressed 使沮丧。根据下文“to teach the fifth grade.”可知，这是迈克接下来准备要做的事情。故选A。31 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学年开始前一周，当董事们邀请他担任校长时，他感到震 惊。A. role 角色；B. desire 渴望；C. concern 关心
38、；D. behavior 行为。根据下文“of principal” 可知，这里指校长这个角色。故选A。32 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很感激。我没有做任何特别的事情。我只是出现并 尽我最大的努力，”迈克说。A. despairingly绝望地;B.truly真地;C.nearly几乎；D. exactly 准确地。根据下文“grateful”可知，这里是强调真的很感激。故选B。33 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. let in允许进入；B. get out出去；C. set aside 放一边；D. showup出现。根据下文“and try my best,可知，这
39、里指迈克认为他只是出现在 学校并且尽力做了他应该做的事情。故选D。34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也很兴奋能够接受成为学校新领导的挑战，承担新的责任, 答案第6页，共10页帮助改善学校。A. operator操作者；B. visitor记者；C. leader领导者；D. performer表演者。 根据上文“when the directors offered him the11 of principal”可知，这里指他做学校校长这个领导者职务。故选C。35 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. rebuild重建；B. search研究；C. attain 获得；D. impr
40、ove改善。根据上文“assume new responsibilities and help”可知，迈克作为新校 长，他要承担新的责任，并且帮助改善学校状况。故选D。36 . on 37. formed 38. have had/have been having 39. experiencing 40. solutions41. to escape 42. a 43. ourselves 44. actually 45. how【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了现如今人们压力过大的不良情况以及解决办法，从而 强调乐趣对于我们的重要性。36 .考查介词。句意：你上次因为在秋千上荡得太高而吓破了
41、胆，或者大笑到哭泣是什么时 候？分析句子可知，swing是名词意为“秋千”，设空处想要表达在秋千上面，因此，需填介 词与其搭配。故填on。37 .考查非谓语动词。句意：我们中的大部分人可能仍正从在困难时期形成的反社会习惯中 恢复。分析句子可知，设空处用非谓语动词作后置定语，habits和form构成逻辑上的被动 关系，所以此处要用该词的过去分词形式。故填formed。38 .考查时态。句意：到目前为止，一些我们无法控制的事情对我们的健康产生了很坏影响。 分析句子可知，设空处需填动词作谓语，而且本句中的so far作为时间状语意为“截止到目 前为止。因此设空处需填现在完成时或现在完成进行时来与时
42、间段搭配，表示该动作已经 发生或强调对未来仍有影响。故填have had/have been havingo39 .考查非谓语动词。句意：他们报告说有过头痛、抑郁、紧张和疲惫的经历。分析句子可 知，本句中reported为动词，因此设空处需用动名词作宾语。故填experiencing。40 .考查名词。句意：但是解决办法可能就在藏在众目睽睽之下。分析句子可知，本句话中 缺少主语，因此设空处需填名词，而solution意为“解决办法。是可数名词，所以此处要用 其复数形式。故填solutions。41 .考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的两本书表明，为你的生活腾出更多空间去寻乐可以通过 上网去抵消压力和
43、逃避压力的倾向。分析句子可知，设空处需填非谓语动词，而且the tendency to do意为“做某事的倾向”，是固定搭配。故填to escape。42 .考查冠词。句意：在Rucker的观念看来，幸福是一种精神状态。分析句子可知，state 是以辅音音素开头的名词，意为“状态”，而且此处表泛指，因此设空处需填不定冠词。故填ao43 .考查代词。句意：但快乐是我们可以为我们自身所做的事情。分析句子可知，设空处与 主语指代相同，所以用反身代词。故填ourselves。44 .考查副词。句意：实际上，我们忽略了快乐的重要性。分析句子可知，句中并不缺少成 分，且设空处的ignore为动词，意为“忽
44、略”，修饰动词要用副词，因此设空处需填副词作状 语。故填 actually。45 .考查宾语从句。句意：我们对于如何利用周围的事来使我们开心十分随意和粗心，但是 这对我们的幸福和健康都很重要。分析句子可知，设空处需填引导词来引导宾语从句，从句 缺少方式状语，需要用连接副词how引导。故填how。46 .A Series of Lectures on the 24 SolarTermsTo make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English
45、corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.English teachers in our school gave eight splendid lectures from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm every Thursday and Friday. The lectures covered a fund of knowledge, including their historical origins, climate changes and farming activities during each
46、solar term and customs in different provinces.Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot. They realized Chinese traditional culture was attractive. They wish there will be more lectures about it.【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生写一篇关于学校举办的为期一个月的关于二十四节气的系 列讲座的报道。【详解】1.词汇积累深玄理解：have a deep un
47、derstanding ofunderstand.deeply举办：host一conduct不同的：differentdiverse意识至U： realize (that)be aware that2 .句式拓展简单句变复合句 原句：To make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.拓展句： The English
48、 corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month, whose aim is to make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms.【点睛】【高分句型 1 Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot.（由 介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 2 They realized Chi
49、nese traditional culture was attractive.（由省略连词 that 引导的 宾语从句）47 . She felt grateful and wrote her friend name and telephone number on a scrap ofcardboard. Then she hugged us, and we wished each other a merry Christmas. On Christmas morning, I called Stars friend, and a man answered the phone. I told him who I was and that I had a message for him f