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1、2 0 2 2届高考英语阅读备考(一)Threats that tigers face号称“森林之王”的老虎如今也生存不易,面 临种种威胁。是什么导致这种情况?难词探意1.degrade/v.(使)退化2.shrink/v.(使)缩小;收缩;减少3.retaliation/n.报 复;反击4.mangrove/n.红树林植物5.mitigation/n.减轻;缓解In some areas,tigers are still in crisis and declining in number.Here aresome threats that tigers are faced with.Habi
2、tat lossTigers have lost an estimated 95%of their historical range.Their habitathas been destroyed,degraded,and broken apart by human activities.Theclearing of forests for agriculture and woods,as well as the building of roadnetworks and other development activities,pose serious threats to tigerhabi
3、tats.Tigers need wide swathes(长 条)of habitat for their survivalsince they have large home ranges and are very territorial.Fewer tigers cansurvive in small,scattered islands of habitat,which leads to a higher riskof inbreeding and makes tigers more vulnerable to poaching as they venturebeyond protect
4、ed areas to establish their territories.Human?Wildlife conflictPeople and tigers increasingly compete for space.As forests shrink andprey becomes scarce,tigers are forced to leave protected areas in search offood and to establish territories.This takes them into human?Dominatedareas that lie between
5、 habitat fragments,where they can hunt domesticlivestock that many local communities depend on for their livelihood.Inretaliation,tigers are sometimes killed or captured.Conflict tigers can endup for sale in black markets.Local community dependence on forests for fuelwood,food,and timber heightens t
6、he risk of tiger attacks on people.Effects of climate changeOne of the worlds largest,and most uniquely?Adapted,tigerpopulations are found in the Sundarbansa large mangrove forest areashared by India and Bangladesh on the coast of the Indian Ocean.It is alsothe only coastal mangrove tiger habitat in
7、 the world.These mangrove forestsharbor a variety of species,including tigers,and protect coastal regionsfrom storm surges and wind damage.However,rising sea levels caused byclimate change threaten to wipe out these forests and the last remaininghabitat of this tiger population.According to a WWF st
8、udy,withoutmitigation efforts,projected sea?Level riseabout a foot by 2070coulddestroy nearly the entire Sundarbans tiger habitat.Tiger farms and captive tigersCurrent estimates indicate that there are between 7,000 and 8,000 tigersbeing held in more than 200 centers in East and Southeast Asia,withr
9、oughly three?Quarters of these tigers located in China.The current scale ofcommercial captive breeding efforts within these farms is a significantobstacle to the recovery and protection of wild tiger populations.It isestimated that nearly 5,000 tigers reside in the US,and we must ensure thatthese an
10、imals are not exploited by,or contributing to,the illegal trade intigers and their parts.Reading Check1.Whats the meaning of the underlined word pose in paragraph 2?A.Stand.B.Cause.C.Pretend.D.Impress.2.Tigers have to leave protected areas for.A.breeding and freedomB.freedom and adventuresC.territor
11、ies and breedingD.food and territories3.What can we know about the Sundarbans?A.It belongs to Bangladesh.B.It is one of the coastal mangrove tiger habitats in the world.C.It can protect coastal regions from storm and wind damage.D.It will soon disappear because of over cutting from humans.答案1.B 2.D
12、3.CWhat WWF is doing 世相翻布保护濒临灭绝的野生动物是世界自然基金会的一项重要工作。那么它的拯救行动有哪些呢?难词探意1.conserve/v.保护2.restore/v.恢复3.maintain/v.维持4.sustain/v.支持;承受;维持5.steward/v,管理6.fundamental/adj.基本的;根本的7.drone/n.无人驾驶飞机Conserving wildlife is at heart of our mission.We focus on protecting populations ofsome of the worlds most ecol
13、ogically,economically,and culturally importantspeciesthe survival of which are threatened by poaching,illegal trade and habitat loss.We use the best science available to link on the ground work with high?Level policyaction to create lasting solutions that benefit wild animals as well as the people t
14、hat livealongside them.Double the number of tigersWWF aims to double the worlds wild tiger population by 2022.Were working withworld leaders to take action,focusing conservation efforts in key sites,raising funds topermanently protect landscapes,and supporting community?Based conservation.Saving tig
15、ers is about more than restoring a single species.As a large predator,tigersplay an important role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem.Every time we protect a tiger,we protect around 25,000 acres of forestforests that sustain wildlife and localcommunities and supply people around the world with clean
16、 air,water,food,andproducts.Empower people to protect wildlifeOver the last few decades,conservationists have come to understand just howcentral community involvement is to wildlife conservation successand how important itis for communities to actively steward the natural resources around them to im
17、proveeconomic and social well?Being.WWFs community?Based conservation work todayreflects this fundamental reality.We work across a variety of communities and customizeour work based on the specific needs and interests of a given place,taking intoconsideration each regions particular set of conservat
18、ion assets and challenges.Close Asias ivory marketsIllegal killing of elephants for ivory decimates(大批杀死)global populations.Este?mates indicate that each year poachers kill close to 20,000 elephants,mostly fortheir ivories.Overall,we see demand increasing in East Asian and Southeast Asianmarkets.WWF
19、 is working to shut down the illegal markets in the area.Stop wildlife crimeWWF uses our expertise in policy,wildlife trade,advocacy,and communicationsin an effort to stop wildlife crime in the US and around the world.At home,we ensure theUS enacts tight ivory commerce restrictions.Partnerships with
20、 technology companieshelp us develop innovative ways to stop wildlife crime using everything from drones toinfrared cameras that can detect poachers in the dead of night.To combat the trade inillegal wildlife products through web?Based platforms,WWF has teamed up withecommerce and social media compa
21、nies to adopt a standardized wildlife policyframework for online trade.Reading Check1.Why is saving tigers not only about restoring a single species?2.Whats the main reason for poachers killing elephants?3.Why are drones and infrared cameras used by WWF?答案1.Because tigers play an important role in m
22、aintaining a healthy ecosystem.2.They kill elephants fortheir ivories.3.To detect poachers in the dead of night and stop wildlife crime.The strangest parrots on earth are being saved它们白天睡觉,晚上出来活动,能攀爬却不能飞行。它们被称为“世界上最蠢萌的鹦鹉”。难词探意1.plump/a d j.微胖的;饱满的2.triple/a d j.三倍的3.breed/v.繁殖;饲养4.snugly/adv.紧贴地5.pe
23、llet/n.小球;小弹丸6.poach/v.(侵入 他 人 地 界)偷猎Its as plump as a goose,has the face of an owl and waddles like a duck.It sleeps in the day and is active at night.And it can climb just about anythingbut cant fly anywhere.No wonder people call the kakapos the strangestparrots on earth.Once found in large number
24、s all over New Zealand,kakapos have beenon the edge of disappearing for more than a century.In 1977,trackerscounted just 18 kakapos left in the entire country and all of them were males.Then something amazing happened.A previously unknown kakapopopulation was found.It included the first females seen
25、 in more than 60 years.This exciting discovery made the local government help the parrots bymoving them to three small,predator?Free is lands.New Zealand is an isolated island nation in the southwestern PacificOcean.Many of its plants and animals,like the kakapo,are found nowhereelse.Protecting them
26、 is a matter of national pride as well as urgency.uAs thelargest type of parrot on earth,they are quite the sight in person,“said WesSecurest of Global Wildlife Conservation,which is helping the kakaporecovery program.They have a teddy?Bear quality with their soft feathers,wide eyes and owl like exp
27、ressions.Today the recovery program counts 147adult birds,nearly triple the number since its start in 1995.And that numberwill soon grow,as the current breeding season is expected to set a recordand add 30 to 50 healthy chicks.To improve kakapo breeding,recovery team members watch and trackthe parro
28、ts using nest cameras,infrared beams(红 外 光 束),microchipsand radio transmitters in small“backpacks“fitted snugly under the birdswings.Individual feeding stations supply extra pellet food and clean water.The stations have electronic scales to check weight and are programmed toopen only for the target
29、bird,automatically locking if a parrot wearing thewrong transmitter tries to poach from another parrots station.Eggs are often removed from the nest and put in incubators(孵 化 器),machines that help them develop.In their place,team members leave3D?Printed smart eggs that make noise and get the moms re
30、ady to raisetheir chicks once they hatch and are brought back.Recovery team caretakers are very dedicated.They hike the forest all daywith equipment and supplies weighing nearly 50 pounds,then curl up atnight in tents near the birds.Like new parents,they awake several timeseach night to tend to thei
31、r assigned nest.Every new chick is celebrated.Afew years ago,when a female accidentally crushed her egg,team memberspatched it with tape and glue.Days later,they watched excitedly as the firstkakapo chick in three years hatched.Success!Reading CheckTrue(T)or False(F)()1.Kakapos are called as the str
32、angest parrots mainly because oftheir sleeping habits.()2.There were only 18 kakapos left in New Zealand in 1977.()3.The recovery program helps the kakapos a lot in their recovering.()4.Modern technologies are used to improve kakapo breeding.()5.Taking care of kakapos is a tough but wonderful job for therecovery team workers.答案1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.T