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1、广州市天河中学高中部2022学年第一学期期末考试高二英语试卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共 8 页，满 分 150分考试用时150分钟第一部分阅读（共两节，满 分 4 5 分）第一节阅读理解（共 10小题;每小题3 分，满 分 3 0 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AClimbing,I once thought,was a very manly activity,but as I found my way into this activity,I came to see that somethingquite diffe
2、rent happened on the rock.I started climbing when I was an undergraduate in Liverpool.I didnt come from a climbing family,but I reveled inoutdoor activities.I often swam in rivers and pools,walked around in fields and went out for Sunday walks in the hills andwoods.Moving to Liveipool was quite a co
3、ntrast.Suddenly,I was in a busy city environment,sun-ounded by streetwise kids.It was fun,but I felt out of place.Therefore,I joined the university mountaineering club.I began climbing inside an old church in Liverpool and instantlyfell in love with the sport.Indoor climbing was safe,warm and fun.It
4、 made me sociable.I loved placing my body on the walland following the lines of hold-ups towards the ceiling.I soon got the hang of climbing.When the climbs went well,everything flowed in a delightful dance.With those same mountaineering friends I began rock climbing.But climbing on real rock did no
5、t bring me the sameinstant rush of pleasure.Fumbling（笨拙地摸找）for routes and following more experienced male leaders,I struggled withmoves and was frequently told off for using my knees on crags（峭壁）一 apparently that was bad form.I fell off and hung onthe rope,shouting for help from my partner who would
6、 do his best to help me by shouting out directions down from the topof the crag.But climbing has taught me to better deal with risk,understanding my own vulnerability while also developing strengthsI never had before.I have gained an insight into the movements between people and stone.Working with g
7、ravity,geologyand rhythms of weather,I gain a unique relationship with the earth.This connection lies at the heart of my passion for rockclimbing.1.What does the underlined phrase“reveled in in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Kept off.B.Was fond of.C.Checked out.D.Was particular about.2.Why did the author join t
8、he university mountaineering club?A.To escape the city life.B.To learn more tricks.C.To expand her social circle.D.To make use of her outdoor equipment.3.What can we say about the authors rock climbing experience at first?A.It was a pleasant learning process.B.It involved great challenges and risk.C
9、.It brought her a sense of achievement.D.It was as complicated as indoor climbing.BFor 25 years,UC Berkeley biologist Robert Dudley has been interested in humans*love of alcohol.In 2014,he wrote abook proposing that our attraction to alcohol arose millions of years ago,when our ape and monkey ancest
10、ors discovered thatthe smell of alcohol led them to ripe,fermenting（发酵的）and nutritious fruit.A new study now supports this idea,which Robert Dudley calls the“drunken monkeyguess.Robert Dudley laid outevidence for his idea eight years ago in the book,The Drunken Monkey:Why We Drink and Abuse Alcohol.
11、Measurementsshowed that some fruit known to be eaten by monkeys or apes had a naturally high alcohol content of up to 7%.But at thetime,he didnt have data showing that monkeys or apes preferentially sought out and ate fermented fruit,or that theydigested the alcohol in the fruit.For the newly report
12、ed study,Christina Campbell of California State University,Northridge（CSUN）,and her graduatestudent Victoria Weaver teamed up with Dudley to analyze the alcohol content in the fruit.t6The study is a direct test of thedrunken monkey guess,“said Dudley.The researchers found that the fruit that spider
13、monkeys smelt and took a bite out of routinely had alcohol concentrationsof between 1%and 2%.The ripe fruit they collected was from the jobo tree and was a major component of the spider monkeydiet.But the fruit also has been used by native people throughout Central and South America to make chicha,a
14、 fermentedalcoholic drink.The researchers also collected urine（尿液）from six spider monkeys.Five of the samples contained secondarymetabolites of ethanol（乙醉代谢物）.“The monkeys were Hkely to eat the fruit with ethanol for the calories,Campbellsaid.They would get more calories from fermented fruit than th
15、ey would get from unfennented fruit.The higher caloriesmean more energy.”The monkeys need for high caloric intake may similarly have influenced human ancestors9 decisions when choosingwhich fruit to eat.Human ancestors may also have preferentially selected ethanol-laden fruit for consumption,given t
16、hat ithas more calories,Campbell said.4.What idea did Robert Dudley show in his book?A.Nutritious fruit contains more alcohol.B.Apes and monkeys consumed alcohol long ago.C.Our ancestors had no particular food preference.D.Human beings started making wine in ancient times.5.What can we know about th
17、e jobo tree?A.It is available worldwide.B.Its ripe fruit tasted unpleasant.C.Its fruit contains fermented substances.D It served as the main food source for native Americans.6.What conclusion may the researchers draw from the study?A.Fermented fruit negatively affected monkeys bodies.B.Human ancesto
18、rs might consume alcohol for energy.C.Alcohol might just flow in the bodies of the spider monkeys.D.Central and South Americans were good at making alcoholic drinks.CIn the United States,goods transportation accounts for more than one-third of transportation-related greenhouse-gasemissions.Major com
19、panies,such as Amazon,have been experimenting with using drones（无人机）and robots to deliverpackages with an eye to reducing their environmental impact.Interest in the idea grew even more during the COVID-19 pandemic.A survey conducted in mid-2020 found that morethan 60%of people would be willing to pa
20、y extra for their packages to be delivered by robots.This was partly the result of adesire to avoid infection,says Thiago Rodrigues,a transportation researcher at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,and a co-author of the new study.However,he adds that another reason was the fact t
21、hat automated delivery isoften faster than delivery trucks.With technology improving,drone delivery is likely to become more common in the near future,says Juan Zhang,atransportation researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire/Therefbre,we need more studies on the energyconsumption of drone
22、s,95 she says.Rodrigues and his colleagues have done such a study.They attached packages weighing 0.5 kilograms or less to”quadcopterdrones,which have four rotors（旋翼），and flew them at speeds of 4-12 meters per second.From these flights,theresearchers were able to determine how much energy was needed
23、 to fly a drone,as well as the quantities of greenhouse gasesgiven off in generating the electricity to charge the drones battery.The results show that a drones environmental footprint depends in part on where its charged.In the US Midwest,forexample,electricity generation is more carbon intensive t
24、han in New York.But regardless of region,drones have a muchsmaller environmental impact than diesel（柴油）and electric trucks when it comes to moving small packages:dronesgreenhouse-gas emissions per kilometer are roughly 2%of those of a medium-duty truck powered by either diesel fuel orelectricity.7.W
25、hat have major companies such as Amazon been attempting to do?A.Make package delivery environmentally friendly.B.Relieve the pressure of public transportation.C.Improve the speed of package delivery.D.Reduce the white pollution.8.What do Thiago Rodrigues?words imply about automated delivery?A.It has
26、 changed peoples life.B.It will replace delivery trucks in no time.C.It has a price advantage over delivery trucks.D.It is well received by many people during the pandemic.9.Why did Rodrigues and his colleagues do the study?A.To help drones function more efficiently.B.To improve the service life of
27、drones9 batteries.C.To know about the energy consumption of drones.D.To make drones charging process more convenient.10.What would be the best title for the text?A.Are Drones Safe Tools for Delivering Parcels?YesB.Using Drones to Deliver Parcels?Good for EarthC Are We Ready to Use Drones for Deliver
28、y?一 YesD.Using Trucks to Deliver Parcels?Time to Change第二节（共5小题;每小题3分，满 分1 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。A piggyback ride is a ride on someone?s back.Its almost a custom during childhood:climbing onto an older personsback for a piggyback ride around the house or yard.But if you stop to
29、 think about this games name 一 piggyback ride”,youmay be puzzled and have a question.11The origins of the word utpiggyback might date back to the mid-16th century,when people carried various goods ontheir backs or the backs of their animals.The term for this practice back then was“pick pack”,since p
30、eople picked up a packand put it on their back.12 First,the phrase became the almost-identical“pick-a-pack”,and then“pickaback”.Things get a little bit murky（模糊的）from here.Some say pick-a-back“一 which was the version in use by the 18thcentury-sounded like pick-i-back or picky back”,which eventually
31、became“piggyback”.13 So they changedit to a familiar word that sounded similar to“piggy”.Well,were people in Britain or North America the first to use the tenn piggyback“？14 But the term“pig-a-back“was used in A Dialogue in the Devonshire Dialect published in 1837 and“piggy-back“was used in the U.S.
32、by the1880s.15 One of the most popular comes in the field of transportation,where piggybacking means something ridingon top of something else,such as cars being transported on a train.Its also used in the trucking industry.In photography,piggybacking describes the practice of attaching a camera to a
33、 telescope.A.No one is sure about it.B.Why do we call it a piggyback ride”?C.How does the game influence peoples life?D.Probably people in North America were the first users.E.Today,piggyback“is used in a wide variety of contexts.F.As so often is the case with language,the phrase has changed over th
34、e years.G.Others say that people then were confused by the“pick-a”part of“pick-a-back”.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满 分 4 5 分）第一节完形填空（共 2 0 小题;每小题1.5分，满 分 3 0 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year,she started having problems with her 16.n
35、otablydryness and discomfort.“I was simply 17 a terrible experience,Ms.Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto.I felt so helpless andinsecure because the quality of my 18 was affected.”Ms.Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 19 problems and discovered that they were largely sufferingin 20 Nobody c
36、hooses to talk about it because it seems so 21 she said.But more and more are sufferingand lives are being 22Eventually,Ms.Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 23 at Tel Aviv University in Israel.Theresearch team 24 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic,who has done 25 work on eye care using s
37、tem cells.Seeing a ray of hope,Ms.Burdeyney began raising 26 for the project with a friend,Toronto businessman MeyerZeifman.27 she has raised$110,000 with another$40,000 28Tm trying to get more and more people to 29 that there are solutions,n said Ms.Burdeyney,a trained nursewho is still working as
38、a personal trainer after 30 I say there is no old 31.theres only neglect（忽视）.Dont stand 32 do something aboutMs.Burdeyney 33 that she is hoping to do more for the research project.just want to bring 34 intopeoples eyes and this is just the 35 There is still a long way to go.”16.A.throatB.eyesC.lungs
39、D.skin17.A.going throughB.getting overC.holding onD.passing down18.A.storyB.treatmentC.lifeD.relationship19.A.specialB.variousC.personalD.similar20.A.turnB.silenceC.vainD.peace21.A.unbearableB.abnormalC.insignificantD.disturbing22.A.separatedB.forgottenC.substitutedD.compromised23.A.courseB.programC
40、.paperD.conference24.A.informedB.doubtedC.dismissedD.included25.A.part-timeB.controversialC.ground-breakingD.voluntary26.A.questionsB.standardsC.awarenessD.money27.A.As everB.In returnC.So farD.Once again28.A.expectedB.donatedC.wastedD.earned29.A.confirmB.imagineC.rememberD.understand30.A.graduation
41、B.childbirthC.retirementD.marriage31.A.timeB.ageC.ruleD.tale32.A.straightB.aloneC.firmD.still33.A.addedB.learnedC.remindedD.commented34.A.joyB.lightC.colorD.beauty35.A.futureB.meaningC.truthD.beginning第I I卷第二节（共1 0小题;每小题1.5分,满 分1 5分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Alaska Airlines announced it will
42、become the first U.S.airline to launch an electronic bag tag（标签）program later thisyear.The tags are small programmable devices with e-paper displays that are designed 36（replace）the paper tagscurrently in use.The new program will initially focus on San Jose International Airport in California.The ai
43、rline plans to initially giveout 2 500 of the tags 37 free to its frequent fliers,and the tags 38（be）available to purchase by MileagePlan members next year.The electronic bag tags will allow guests to skip the step of printing 39（tradition）bag tags upon arrival at theairport.Instead,guests can activ
44、ate the devices from 40（place）like their homes,offices or cars up to 24 hoursbefore their flight 41（use）the Alaska Airlines mobile app.The activation is done by 42（simple）touching the phone used for check-in to the electronic bag tag,43 has an antenna（天线）that powers and reads the information transmi
45、tted from the phone.Compared to aprevious version tested in 2015,44 new tag is battery-lessand never needs to be recharged.“The devices will allow our employees to spend more time with guests who ask for 45（assist）J said CharuJain,senior vice president of merchandising and innovation at Alaska Airli
46、nes.第三部分基础知识（共三节，满 分3 0分）第一节单词拼写（共1 0小题;每小题1分，满 分1 0分）根据中文提示用一个单词填入下列句子，使句意完整。46.He suffered from headaches and loss of（食欲）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）47.Dont let TV（分散）your attention while writing your essay.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）48.It is（难以置信的）that she could break the record.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）49.Generally,hi gh（期 待）from others
47、are essential to students development.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）50.Last Friday,the little kid ate a coin,a l mos t（窒息）to death.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）51.She was surrounded by a group of a d mi r i n g（摄影师）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）52.At a minimum,the kinds of food local pe opl e（消耗）tell us what they grow in their region.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）53.I
48、t was cold and damp;the man pulled up his collar and put his hands on his（冻僵的）face.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）54.A lot of tents have been sent there to help the（受害者）of the earthquake.（根据汉语提示填空）55.Lang Lang is a（有天赋的）pianist who has been working hard to improve himself.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）第二节短语填空（共 5 小题;每小题2 分，满 分 10分）用所给短
49、语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其句意完整，有两个短语多余。consist of;set out;set apart from;thanks to;sleep in;break down;regardless of56.When she was 10,she with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship.57.Because he was being so kind and concerned,I and cried.58.the outcome,the players will be long reme
50、mbered for their excellent performance.59.My alarm didnt work yesterday morning.As a result,I.60.Listening is an active not a passive behavior hearing,understanding and remembering.第三节补全句子（共 5 小题;每小题2 分，满分10分）根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。6 1.越野比赛使得我们可以临时从学业中走出来，使得我们更加精力充沛、更加高兴。（非谓语动词作状语）The Cross-Country Ru