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1、2022年北京市海淀区中考一模英语试题学校:姓名:班级:考号:、单项选择1.My brother is very f r i e n d l y.g e t s along well with others.A.He B.She C.I D.You2.Wu Dajing,a gold medalist,started to practice speed skating the age of ten.A.on B.in C.for D.at3.do you play basketball with your classmates,David?7.一Nick,take out the trash,
2、please.一Twice a week.A.How oftenB.How longC.How soonD.How far4.Our parents help and support us a lot,_we should be thankful to them.A.butB.orC.soD.because5._ you lend me your dictionary,Laura?一Sorry,I cant.1 have just lent it to Eric.A.CouldB.ShouldC.MustD.Need6.We should keep in mind that nothing i
3、sthan safety.A.importantB.more importantC.most importantD.the mostimportantWait a minute,Mom.I _ an e-mail to Mr.Smith now.A.write B.am writingC.wroteD.will write8.The supermarket at 8:30 a.m.and closes at 8:30 p.m.every day.A.is opening B.opened C.opens D.will open9.All of us great progress since w
4、e started junior high school.A.make B.made C.have made D.will make10.The kids an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterday.A.took B.take C.are taking D.were taking11.A new hospital in the village by the government last year.A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built12.一!bm,do you know?Nex
5、t Friday.A.when will we hold the sports meetingC.when did we hold the sports meetingB when we will hold the sports meetingD.when we held the sports meeting二、完形填空It was January 2021.My second term in high school had just ended.Two weeks earlier,my parents checked my grades and 13 more than 20 missing
6、 tasks.Bright and able as I was,I had often struggled（挣扎）with 14 andprocrastination（拖延）,especially with writing tasks.But this time was different,and thepandemic（疫情）was to blame.I was doing my first year partly from home where I did myschoolwork on my own time,and,for the most part,without teacher g
7、uidance.The 15 was too much.I could do a million other things rather than myhomework.I told my mom what I was missing from my teachers and classmates,When ateacher walks around the classroom,you want to be on task,and you dont want to fall behindthe other students?My parents tried to help,but their
8、16 fell far short of their expectations.Tiredfrom working long days,they criticized rather than advised.Late-night learning hours endedin 17 matches.All three of us were upset and stressed out.We knew we couldnt solve this alone.So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill,anexperienced teacher,could hel
9、p,she 18 out.Mr.Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas:taskorganization and time management.He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones.We met twice a week,over video,where we could look over my tasks and put the skill intopractice.After a few months,I started
10、 to see positive results.My grades were improving.Mywork habits were becoming more regular.There were 19 late-night learning hoursand fights.The other evening I came downstairs to ask my parents for help with a writing task.There was something different.I had 20 most of it two days before the deadli
11、ne!While I dont expect this school year to be easy,I now have some of the tools I need to helpme through it.13.A.countedB.finishedC.changedD.gave14.A.discussionB.expressionC.competitionD.organization15.A.knowledgeB.stressC.freedomD.advice试卷第2 页,共 11页16.A.rulesB.effortsC.habitsD.experiences17.A.searc
12、hingB.readingC.jokingD.shouting18.A.reachedB.helpedC.workedD.dropped19.A.betterB.fewerC.strongerD.busier20.A.sharedB.forgottenC.completedD.mistaken三、阅读单选You change into your pajamas,turn off the lights,and get yourself ready to sleep.Howdo you prefer to sleep,on the back or on your side?Here are som
13、e interesting sleepingpositions.Starfish Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleepwith your arms lifted up near your head.According to studies,only 5%of people sleep like this.It often causes lower backpain.You can place a pillow（枕头）under your knees if youhave lower back pain.You will feel mor
14、e comfortable this way.Soldier Position This sleeping position is kind of strange,but very common.Ifs when you sleep on your back with yourarms down and very close to your body.Studies have shownthat people who sleep like this may be quieter.It is actually agood sleeping position,as it helps keep yo
15、ur spine（脊柱）in astraight line.Sleeping on Your Belly Do you like to sleep on your belly,but experience problems oftentimes?The position might nothelp you.It can make your neck uncomfortable.But if this ishow you like to sleep,you might consider using a very softcooling pillow to keep your neck comfo
16、rtable.Freefall If this sleeping position is not familiar to you,youshould know that at least 7%of the worlds population sleepthat way.In this position,you have your hands on or aroundyour pillow,with your head turned to one side.But it maycreate a twist（扭伤）in the neck.Some studies suggest thatgener
17、ally youre a social person if you like to sleep in thisposition.21.Which sleeping position often causes lower back pain?A.Starfish.B.Soldier Position.C.Sleeping on Your Belly.D.Freefall.22.Sleeping in the soldier position hel ps.A.you fall asleep quickly B.keep your spine in a straight lineC.you bre
18、athe easily D.treat the pain in your neck23.If Tom likes to sleep in the freefall position,he might be.A.social B.quiet C.honest D.carefulJeremiahs MistakegarlicJeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands.He had exactly one hour untilhis father got home.He wasnt used to starting dinner th
19、is early.On his nights to cook,Jeremiah generally got dinner ready in fifteen minutes.But Dad always praised Jeremiahsmeals,no matter how simple they were.Delicious!he would say.But Jeremiah knew Dadliked more complicated（复杂的）dishes,because on Dads nights to cook,he used a ton ofingredients.Dad was
20、a natural cook.Not Jeremiah-at least,not until tonight.It was Dads birthday,and for once in his life,Jeremiah was cooking somethingcomplicated:spaghetti with homemade sauce（酱）.Hed eaten it a million times,so he knewmost of the ingredients.Tomatoes,onions,garlic,beef,he thought,looking through thefri
21、dge.They had everything except the beef.No problem-theyd go vegetarian tonight.试卷第4 页,共 11页limeJeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dads special knife and put them into the pot.Thenhe turned to Dads spice（香料）collection.He picked a few familiar ones and put them in.Thepleasing smell of fresh tomatoes
22、amazed him.He tasted it just as Dad usually did.It wasterrible!Way too spicy.Aha!A lime would cool things down.He added in as much lime juiceas he could.One more taste.Ugh.It was awful!Now the sauce was sour and spicy.He left the kitchen and went into his room.He could at least order pizza,so Dadwou
23、ldnt have to stay hungry on his own birthday.As he counted his money,he heard thefront door open.“Hi,Jeremiah!Dad called.“Coming.”Jeremiah returned to the kitchen,where he found Dad digging through the foodcupboard.t4Im buying pizza,Jeremiah said.“Ms not much of a birthday dinner.Dad turned,holding
24、a bag of chips and a bowl of Jeremiahs spaghetti sauce.utWe dontneed pizza!Dad smiled.This delicious salsa（萨尔萨辣酱）is a meal in itself!24.Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated?A.Because it was his dads birthday.B.Because his dad told him to do so.C.Because he arrived home early.D.Becau
25、se he was a natural cook.25.Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was.A.neither sour nor spicy enough B.different from what he had expectedC.simple but healthy D.as delicious as he had imagined26.What can we learn about Jeremiahs father?A.He takes his job seriously.B.He is creative and strict.C.He expe
26、cts his son to be skillful.D.He is loving and encouraging.Why Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure?StrongWeak Low Arousal HighAccording to classic economic theory,the higher the reward,the better the expectedperformance.As a result,we could expect the best performance at the most importantmoments.Bu
27、t why do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes performmuch worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics?Why the Drop in Performance?It is not necessarily true that theres a direct relationship between incentives（激励）andachievement.Research has shown that increa
28、sed motivation（动机）beyond a certain levelharms an athletes performance.We call this phenomenon“choking under pressure.Greaterincentives may lead to higher levels of arousal（兴奋）.The relationship between performanceand arousal looks like an inverted U shape（倒 U 形）,meaning that performance is the best a
29、tcertain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.The desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create perfoiTnance pressure.Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes performance inskill-based games.When people overthink or consciously monitor each step,t
30、he drop inperformance happens.2Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions,another thing that mayadd pressure is the level of expectations.An experiment suggested high audience expectationsharm performance in a skill-based task.For example,one of the most famous biathletes inhistory,M
31、artin Fourcade,said it was very emotional for him to compete in his home countryand also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon（冬学两项）competitionsover r7 years.We have found the most titled athletes miss a lot mor
32、e shots when competingin their home country compared to when they compete abroad.The most reasonableexplanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homeland.How to Deal with It?There are several ways to reduce stress,such as a countdown or taking a deep breath试卷第6 页,共 11页before the
33、task.But the base fbr any solution is to realize that stress affects performance.Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and ifs not a shame to admit it.Themore athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them,the more likely they are tosucceed at the highest level.27.What can
34、 we learn from“choking under pressure”?A.The higher the reward,the better the expected performance.B.Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.C.Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athlete5s performance.D.Athletes9 performance in games has something to do with their training.28
35、.Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5?A.Pressure as a Key to Improving Performance.B.Pressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level Athletes.C.High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.D.High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country.29.lb
36、deal with pressure,the athletes should fi rst.A.avoid the possible feelings of pressureB.share their worries with friends and coachesC.try their best to succeed at the highest levelD.recognize the effect of stress on performanceNowadays,the online world is nearly as important as the real one.It is n
37、ot uncommon tosee the whole Internet bands together to cancel someone after they make a mistake,whichis called Cancel Culture.It can result in a person,if famous,losing fans and having to faceattacks online.Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships.While steppin
38、g foot on any social media platform,everyone including young children can fallvictim to it.Cancel Culture is a lose-lose situation.The person being canceled has to stand thenegative effects of the Internet,and the people doing the canceling are contributing to（促成）the mindset that its okay to do this
39、 to people they dont know.Young kids may notunderstand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture,but by simply being on the Internet,they can see it firsthand,affecting their real lives.A New York Metro Parents article describesone girl who was canceled in school the same way people are canceled on
40、 the Internet,andher friends wouldnt even talk to or look at her.Dr.Pam Rultledge,a media psychologist,explains in her blog post that Cancel Culturediscourages kids from expressing their opinions and standing up for others.Ifs always an”usagainst them mindset;anyone agreeing with the person being ca
41、nceled is at risk of being leftout online too.So again I ask,what is this teaching our kids?That they arent allowed to make mistakes?That they have to be perfect?This may be the current narrative,but it shouldnt be.Everyonemesses up at some point,especially young children.They shouldnt be publicly p
42、unished forit and not given the chance to change peoples minds.Forgiveness is an important skill kidsneed to learn,and Cancel Culture is encouraging the opposite.One small mistake doesnt make someone a bad person,but Cancel Culture makes themfeel as if they are.Cancel Culture doesnt have to exist.We
43、 make it exist.And just as easily,we can make it disappear by contributing to an online world full of praise and love.30.The underlined words fall victim to in Paragraph 1 probably mean A.be attracted to B.get used to C.be shocked by D.get hurt by31.Why does the writer mention the New York Metro Par
44、ents article in Paragraph 2?A.To explain why Cancel Culture does harm to childrens friendships.B.To stress the importance of close relationships with friends for students.C.To show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids5 real lives.D.lb suggest possible ways of changing the habit of over
45、using the Internet.32.In Cancel Culture,a person who makes mistakes will be.A.comforted with great patience B.left out and publicly punishedC.taught how to correct the mistakes D.blocked from using the Internet again33.By saying This may be the current narrative,but it shouldnt be in Paragraph 4,the
46、writer wants to express that Cancel Cu l t u r e.A.is easy to change B.has a two-sided natureC.is supposed to be canceled D.stops mistakes from being repeated四、阅读回答问题阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。试卷第8 页,共 11页Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birthday of finding some way to give back.So asher 25th birthday w
47、as around the corner in 2020,she started looking for her next project.Shefound it when she came across a video on the Internet about how to iron foil-lined（铝箔内 1t的）chip bags into sleeping bags.Oleita said the video gave her the idea of the Chip BagProject.“This is a project that allows me to really
48、bring two of my passions together,people andthe environment,Oleita said.We throw so much stuff away and never really think aboutwhere thats ending.It takes about four hours to sew（缝）a sleeping bag.Each takes around 150 to 300 chipbags,depending on whether they re single-serve or family size,Oleita t
49、old The Detroit News.Our sleeping bags are better than the cotton ones.They are waterproof,lightweight,and easyto carry around.Once each sleeping bag is complete,its packed with other donated winter necessitiessuch as socks,gloves and hats to be given away to homeless people.Since its start in 2020,
50、the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and,asof last December,created 110 sleeping bags.Every time we get a chip bag were taking something-something thats not going intoour water,Oleita said.And when we give somebody a bag,were giving wannth,and werehelping a human life.The Chip B