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1、高考英语写作精选好词好句14 (拓展、翻译、仿写)讲义Coffee Drinking Tied to Lower Risk of Heart Failure.喝咖啡或可降低心力衰竭风险拓展：A is tied to B: A 0 B 有关联(较紧密)近义表达:A is associated with B 即刻运用：翻译 人类跟自然息息相关。(Key: Humans are tied to nature.)1. A large analysis looked at hundreds of factors that may influence the risk of heart failure a
2、nd found one dietary factor in particular that were associated with a lower risk: drinking coffee.一项大型分析研究了数百种可能影响心力衰竭风险的因素，发现一项饮食 因素与降低心衰风险尤为相关，那就是：喝咖啡。拓展：1) look at深入研究即刻运用：翻译董事会正在审核这家公司的财务情况。(Key: The board is looking at the finance of the company.)in particular: especially 尤其,特别经常放在其修饰的名词或代词后面，用
3、来强调这个东西很特别，跟其他的 同类都不一样为什么你特别突出？用法四：表示虽然、尽管As作为连词的第四种用法，可以表示 虽然、尽 管，类似于although。但是这个用法要注意一下语序。即刻运用：翻译5.尽管他很生气，可还是忍不住笑了。(Key: Angry as he was, he couldnt help smiling.)14. The president gave an address Thursday evening, laying out a plan for getting the pandemic under control one year after much of th
4、e U.S. economy slowed severely as the virus spread.拜登总统周四晚发表了演说。演讲时，他提出了控制疫情的计划。在过去 一年里，随着病毒的扩散，美国经济的许多领域严重放缓。拓展：gave an address: deliver a speech 发表演讲address含义一：n.地址v.写上地址egaddress the envelope在信封上写上地址含义二：演讲(非常正式的公众演讲)inaugural address总统就职演说address a conference在会议上发言即刻运用：翻译.总统被要求在集会上发言。(Key: The Pr
5、esident has been asked to address the assembly.)含义三:To address sth. or address oneself to sth. means to think about a problem or a situation and decide how you are going to deal with it 设法解决某事， 处理某事即刻运用：翻译2 .你的论文没有论证真正的问题。(Key: Your essay does not address the real issues.)3 .我们必须设法解决交通污染问题。(Key: We
6、must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution.)含义四：以称呼某人即刻运用：翻译4 .称呼法官应该用“法官大人” o(Key: The judge should be addressed as Your Honor”.)5 .我该如何称呼您呢？(Key: How should I address you?)15. Mr. Biden directed states to make all American adults eligible by May 1 to sign up to receive a vaccine他指示
7、美国各州，要在五月一日之前，使所有成年人都有资格登记接种疫拓展:make sb. eligible to do sth. /make sb. eligible for sth.使某人具备资格做某事即刻运用：翻译.他们没有资格领病假工资。(Key: They are not eligible for sick pay.).只有18岁以上的人，才有资格投票。(Key: Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.)16. When a catastrophic earthquake and tsunami struck coastal Japan on Mar
8、ch 11, 2011, more than 200 residents of the village, Kesen, in Iwate Prefecture, were killed.2011年3月11日，当毁灭性的地震和海啸侵袭日本沿海，岩手县的气仙村 有超过200人遇难。550栋房屋中，仅有两户幸存。拓展：Strike 英strai k美 strai kV.侵袭，冲击(形容遭到某件事情的巨大冲击，不管这件事情是有形还是 无形的)即刻运用：翻译全球贸易受到了新冠疫情的严重冲击。(Key: Global trade was severely struck by the coronavirus
9、 pandemic.)All but two of 550 homes were destroyed.550栋房屋中，仅有两户幸存。拓展：all but A of B do sth.在B中，除了 A之外都(动作主语为B)即刻运用：翻译除了两个学生之外，班上其他人全都挂科了。(Key: All but two students of the whole class failed the exam.)After the waters receded, nearly everyone who survived fled.洪水褪去后，几乎所有幸存者都逃离了这里。拓展：1) .recede 英ri si
10、： d美 ri si： dv. move back 后退构词法：前缀re (back,往回)+词根ced (move,行走、行动)+e即刻运用：翻译我的发际线在逐年后退。(Key: My hairline has gradually receded over the years.)2) .flee 英fli：美fli： v.逃离，逃避即刻运用：翻译越来越多的年轻人选择逃离大城市。(Key: A growing number of young people choose to flee from big cities.)19. But 15 residents refused to abando
11、n Kesen and vowed to rebuild.然而，15名居民却拒绝放弃，誓要重建气仙。我仍相信这一代会安然度过疫情。拓展：vow to do sth.立誓要做某事(相当于promise to do sth.,但比promise正式严肃，更有使 命感)vow v. promise solemnly 立誓即刻运用：翻译政府承诺在接下来的几年里要缩小收入差距。(Key: The government vowed to narrow income gap in the coming years.)20. Slowly, over the past decade, a grim reali
12、ty has settled over this place: There is no going back.慢慢地，在过去的十年中，残酷的现实已然笼罩此地：都回不去了。拓展：1) grim reality 残酷的现实settle over 笼罩即刻运用：翻译一股悲伤的气氛笼罩了整个城市。(Key: A deep sadness has settled over the city.)(Key: Why are you, in particular, so extraordinary?)3. The study was not able to account for different type
13、s of coffee or brewing methods, or the use of additives like sugar or cream.这项研究并不能分辨不同咖啡种类对患病风险的差异性，也不能解释不同 冲煮方法，是否添加糖和奶油等添加剂与患病风险之间的关系。拓展account forIf you can account for something, you can explain it or give the necessary information about it.角星释即刻运用：翻译他们今天发现的那种基因解释不了所有的那些情况。(Key: The gene they d
14、iscovered today doesnt account for all those cases.)4. There was no association of a decreased risk of heart failure with drinking decaffeinated coffee - in fact, one study suggested it might increase the risk.饮用不含咖啡因的咖啡与降低心衰风险之间没有关联。事实上，一项研究 表明，它可能会增加这一风险。拓展：There is no association of A with BA和B之间
15、没有联系即刻运用：翻译学习的能力，跟性别没有关系。(Key： There is no association of learning capacity with gender.)5. For Planet Earth, No Tourism is a Curse and a Blessing 没有旅游业的地球，福祸相依拓展:curse英k3：s美k3：rsn.咒骂；魔咒；咒语；祸害；干扰因素 即刻运用：翻译噪音严重干扰了现代的都市生活。(Key： Noise is the curse of modern city life.)6. With flights canceled, cruise s
16、hips mothballed and vacations largely scrapped, carbon emissions plummeted.在航班取消，邮轮停运，度假计划被纷纷搁置的情况下，全球碳排放量直 线下降。拓展：1) scrap 英 sknep美 skraepvt. to cancel or get rid of sth that is no longer practical or useful 废弃； 取消； 抛弃；报废即刻运用：翻译他们把计划取消了。 (Key: They have scrapped the plan.) plummet英 pkm11美 1 pkm11vi
17、. to fall suddenly and quickly from a high level or position 猛跌； 暴跌 即刻运用：翻译最近一个月房价猛跌。(Key: House prices have plummeted in the recent month.)7. Wildlife that usually kept a low profile amid a crush of tourists in vacation hot spots suddenly emerged.疫情之前，野生动物很少会在挤满了游客的度假胜地活动，现在则突然出 现在这些地方。拓展：1) profil
18、e 英 preufail美 1proufa 11 n.公众影响力我们公司需要在那个国家提高公众影响力。(Key: Our company should increase profile in that country.)amid 英 3mle1美 3ml dpr叩.在过程中；在当中；被所环绕；在样的背景之下 eg.That company collapsed amid the accusation of fraud.在造假的指控背景下面，这家公司倒闭了。2) crush 英krAj美krAjn.拥挤；密集的人群；热恋，爱慕即刻运用：翻译我必须要用力挤过人群才能到达门口。(Key: I had
19、to struggle through the crush to get to the door.)8. On the flip side, the disappearance of travelers wreaked its own strange havoc, not only on those who make their living in the tourism industry, but on wildlife itself, especially in developing countries.另一方面，游客的消失也造成了意想不到的破坏，尤其是在一些发展中国家，靠旅游业谋生的人和
20、野生动物都深受其害。拓展：flip 英flip美flip v./n.翻转flipped classroom 翻转课堂flip side （想法、论点或行动的）另一面，反面，负面on the flip side 在另外一面即刻运用：翻译现在人们开始看到政策的反面。Now people are beginning to see the flip side of the policy.9. As that revenue dried up, budgets were cut, resulting in increased poaching and illegal fishing in some ar
21、eas.随着相关税收锐减，动物保护的预算被削减，导致有些地区盗猎和非法捕 捞的情况增多。拓展:1) revenue 英 revanju：美 revanu：n. the money that a government receives from taxes or that an organization, etc. receives from its business财政收入；税收收入；收益government revenue政府的财政收入2) dry up（河流）干涸；中断消失即刻运用：翻译 他的热情逐渐消失了。(Key: His passion began to dry up.)如果我们继续
22、浪费水的话，河流总有一天会枯竭的。(Key: If we continue to waste water, the river would eventually dry up.)Closing of Beloved Dim Sum Hall Leaves a Crater in Reeling Chinatown备受喜爱的茶餐厅闭店，给唐人街留下一个难以平复的疮疤拓展：beloved 英bi 1a vi d bi 1 1A vd美bl 1A vl d bl 1 1A vdadj. If something or someone or somewhere is beloved, it is lo
23、ved very much/a person or many people love that thing.即刻运用:翻译她决定离开心爱的巴黎回到伦敦。(Key: She decided to leave her beloved Paris and return to London.) 她搬家时，没有丢下她心爱的猫。(Key: She refused to leave her beloved cat when she moved.)10. . But the very things that made Jing Fong so special 一 the boisterous crowds,
24、shared tables and dishes, and communal spirit - left it vulnerable to a virus that preyed on close human contact.前几年的比赛中，AI很容易被人类比下去。拓展：1) the very thingIf you say that something is the very thing, you are emphasizing that this thing is exactly what people like, want or need.即刻运用：翻译这类问题正是保罗希望考试中能考的问
25、题。(Key: This kind of test question was the very thing that Paul had hoped for in his exam.)我把所有的旧书都翻了一遍，终于找到了我要的那本。(Key: I looked through all my old books and found the very thing I was looking for.)boisterous 英bo I stsrss美 bo I starasadj. noisy, loud, and energetic (we often use it to describe plac
26、es or people)e.g.Many of the children were noisy and boisterous.很多孩子都又吵又闹。即刻运用：翻译餐厅里一片喧嚣。(Key: There was a boisterous atmosphere in the restaurant.)prey onIf something preys on something else, it causes harm to that thing because it is weak or cannot defend itself. (We often use it to describe crimi
27、nals who target a particular type of victim.)egThe pick-pocketing gang has been preying on foreign tourists.这个扒手团伙一直以外国游客为目标。即刻运用：翻译这些罪犯一直以老人这个弱势群体为目标。(Key: The criminals have been preying on vulnerable old people.)12. Jing Fong, whose name consists of the Chinese characters for gold and good harves
28、t, was one of the best known of the grand dim sum palaces - with auspicious names like Silver Palace, Golden Bridge, Grand Harmony and Joy Luck Palace that once thrived in Chinatown but are largely gone now.在唐人街，曾有好几家生意兴隆的豪华茶餐厅，他们的名字都吉祥喜庆，例如银宫、金桥、喜万年和彩福楼。金丰大酒楼是其中最负盛名的之一。它名 字里的两个字，在汉字中分别意为“金色“和“丰收”。拓
29、展：1) for goodIf something happens for good or you do something for good, the action is permanent - without the possibility of change in the future.即刻运用：翻译看来这次他的女朋友永远地离开他了。(Key: It looks like his girlfriend has left him for good this time.) 我再也不吃巧克力了。(Key: Im giving up chocolate for good.)largely 英kf
30、djli美la： rd31iadv. mainly or mostly即刻运用：翻译这家公司的成功主要取决于他们优秀的产品。(Key: The companys success is largely due to their excellent products.) 这家人从一个几乎是乡村社区的地方搬到了城市。拜登周四签署通过了这项总额达1.9万亿美元的新冠疫情纾困计划，而此时, 拜登正开始与共和党领导人争着去影响选民对他取得的首个重大立法胜利及其 初期执政的看法。拓展：as作为连词的4种常见用法：用法一：表示当时，在的同时，随着在原文这句话中，as就是 一个连词，相当于while, duri
31、ng the time that,中文可以根据不同的语境，翻译 成 当时，在的同时，随着即刻运用：翻译1 .运动员接受奖牌时，每个人都在欢呼喝彩。2 .随着年龄的增长，他变得愈发有魅力。(Key: He gets more attractive as he gets older.)用法二：表示因为，由于as表示 因为，由于，相当于because, since。即刻运用：翻译3 .享受一天中的第一个小时。这很重要，因为这第一个小时决定当天其余时 间的情绪。(key: Enjoy the first hour of the day. This is important as it sets the
32、 mood for the rest of the day.)用法三：表示以的方式，如同那样，像一样as作连词，还可以 表示，以的方式，如同那样，像一样，相当于Like, in the same way即刻运用：翻译4 .正如我刚才所说，我认为这个提议，需要进一步考虑。(Key: As I was just saying, I think the proposal needs further consideration.)(Key: The family moved from a largely rural community to the city.)13. President Biden signed the $1.9 trillion coronavirus aid package into law Thursday, as he and Republican leaders in Congress began competing to shape voters9 perceptions of Mr. Bidens first big legislative win and the early days of his presidency.