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1、十年考研真题阅读中常见的短语（超有用）1.abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于；遵守。2.be absent from.缺席，不在 3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉 4.absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于近:be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on 5.(be)abundant in(be
2、 rich in;be well supplied with)富于,富有 6.access(to)(不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解 7.by accident(=by chance,accidentally)偶然地,意外.Without accident(=safely)安全地,8.of ones own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地,主动地 9.in accord with 与一致.out of ones accord with 同.不一致 10.with one accord(=with everybody agreein
3、g)一致地 11.in accordance with(=in agreement with)依照,根据 12.on ones own account 1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益 2)(=at ones own risk)自行负责 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账;on account of 因为;on no account 不论什么原因也不;of account 有.重要性.13.takeinto account(=consider)把.考虑进去 14.give sb.an account of 说明,解释(理由)15.account for(=
4、give an explanation or reason for)解释,说明.16.on account of(=because of)由于,因为.17.on no account(=in no case,for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)18.accuseof(=chargewith;blame sb.for sth.;blame sth.on sb.;complain about)指控,控告 19.be accustomed to(=be in the habit of,be used to)习惯于.20.be acquainted with(=to
5、have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially)熟悉 21.act on 奉行,按照行动;act as 扮演;act for 代理 22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to)使自己适应于 23.adapt(for)(=make sth.Suitable for a new need)改编,改写(以适应新的需要)24.in addition(=besides)此外,又,加之 25.in addition to(=as well as,besides,other than)除外 26.adhere to(=abide by
6、,conform to,comply with,cling to,insist on,persist in,observe,opinion,belief)粘附;坚持,遵循 27.adjacent(=next to,close to)毗邻的,临近的 28.adjust.(to)(=change slightly)调节;适应;29.admit of(=be capable of,leave room for)的可能，留有的余地.30.in advance(before in time)预告,事先.31.to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.32.have an advantage o
7、ver 胜过.have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33.take advantage of(=make the best of,utilize,make use of,profit from,harness)利用.34.agree with 赞同(某人意见)agree to 同意 35.in agreement(with)同意,一致 36.ahead of 在之前,超过;.ahead of time 提前.37.in the air 1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中.38.above all(=e
8、specially,most important of all)尤其是,最重要的.39.in all(=counting everyone or everything,altogether)总共,总计 40.after all 毕竟,到底;(not)at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大体上说;be all in 累极了;all but 几乎.41.allow for(=take into consideration,take i
9、nto account)考虑到,估计到.42.amount to(=to be equal to)总计,等于.43.answer for(undertake responsibility for,be liable for,take charge for)对负责.44.answer to(=conform to)适合,符合.45.be anxious about 为焦急不安;或 anxious for 46.apologize to sb.for sth.为向道歉 47.appeal to sb.for sth.为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力 48.apply to
10、 sb.for sth.为向申请;apply for 申请;apply to 适用.49.apply to 与有关;适用 50.approve of(=consent to,be in favor of,favor,agree to,consider good,right)赞成,approve vt.批准 51.arise from(=be caused by)由引起.52.arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排做 53.arrive on 到达;arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in 到达某地(大地方);54.be ashamed o
11、f(=feel shame,guilt or sorrow because of sth.done)以为羞耻 55.assure sb.of sth.(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.)向保证,使确信.56.attach(to)(=to fix,fasten;join)缚,系,结 57.make an attempt at doing sth.(to do sth.)试图做 58.attend to(=give ones attention,care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon,se
12、rve,look after)侍候,照料 59.attitude to/toward 对的态度.看法 60.attributeto(=to believe sth.to be the result of)把.归因于.,认为.是.的结果 61.on the average(=on average,on an average)平均 62.(be)aware of(=be conscious of,having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.63.at the back of(=behind)在后面 64.in the back of 在后部(里面);on th
13、e back of 在后部(外面);be on ones back(=be ill in bed)卧病不起.65.at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.)支持,维护;have sb.at ones back 有支持,有作后台 66.turn ones back on sb.(=turn away from sb.in an impolite way)不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃 67.behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话)68.be based on/upon 基于 69.on the basis of 根据,在基础上 70.beatat
14、在运动项目上打赢 71.begin with 以开始.to begin with(=first of all)首先,第一(经常用于开始语)72.on behalf of(=as the representative of)以名义 73.believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth./sb.to be true)相信,依赖,信仰.74.benefit(from)受益,得到好处.75.for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处)76.for the better 好转 77.get the better of(=defeat sb.)打
15、败,胜过.78.by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时;give birth to 出生 79.blame sb.for sth.因责备某人.blame sth.on sb.把推在某人身上 80.in blossom 开花(指树木)be in blossom 开花(强调状态)come into blossom 开花(强调动作)81.on board 到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机 82.boast of(or about)吹嘘 83.out of breath 喘不过气来 84.in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之 8
16、5.in bulk 成批地,不散装的 86.take the floor 起立发言 87.on business 出差办事.88.be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 89.last but one 倒数第二.90.but for(=without)要不是.表示假设 91.buy sth.formoney 用多少钱买 92.be capable of 能够,有能力 be capable of being+过去分词:是能够被的 93.in any case(=for love or money,at any rate,at any price,
17、at any cost,whatever happens;anyhow)无论如何 94.in case(=for fear that)万一;95.in case of(=in the event of)如果发生万一 in the case of 至于,就而言 96.in no case 在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)97.be cautious of 谨防 98.center ones attention on(=focus ones attention on)把某人的注意力集中在上 99.be certain of(=be sure of)有把握,一定.100.for certain of
18、(=for sure)肯定地,有把握地 101.by chance(=accidentally,by accident)偶然 102.for a change 换换环境(花样等)103.charge sb.with 控告某人犯有 104.in charge of(=responsible for)负责(某事)in the charge of 由管 105.take charge of(=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)106.chargefor 因索取(费用),charge sb.with sth.控告某人犯有 107.round the clo
19、ck(=all day and all night,usually without stopping)昼夜不停地 ment on 评论 mit oneself to 使自己承担 commit sb.to prison 把某人送进监狱;commit ones idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论 110.in common(和)有共同之处,共用.be common to sb.是与某人所共有的 111.keep company with(=be friendly and go out togethe
20、r)和要好parewith 把与比较 pareto 把比作 114.by comparison 比较起来 115.in comparison with(=in contrast to)和比起来 pensate for(=give sth.to make up for)补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate sb.for sth.赔偿,弥补 plain of(or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb.about sth.(or sb.)向某人抱怨;complain(抱怨);complement(补充);compliment(恭
21、维)ply with(=act in accordance with a demand,order,rule etc.)遵守,依从 119.conceive of(think of,imagine,consider)想象,设想 120.concentrate on(or upon)集中,专心 121.be concerned with(=about)与有关 122.concern oneself about/with 关心 123.in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点;at the conclusion of 当结束时;124.condemn sb.to
22、判决 125.on condition that(=if)以为条件,假如.in that=because 因为;now that=since 既然；for all that=although 尽管 126.in/out of condition(=thoroughly healthy or fit/not fit)健康状况好/不好.in good(bad)condition 处于良好(坏)状态 127.confess(to)(=admit a fault,crime,or sth.wrong)承认,供认;confess to a crime 承认罪行.128.confide in(=to ta
23、lk freely to sb.about ones secret)对讲真心话,依赖 129.in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 满怀信心地;have confidence in 对有信心 130.confidence in sb./sth.对的信赖 131.be confident of 有信心;confidential 机密的 132.confineto 把限制在某范围内 133.confirm sb.in 使某人更坚定(信念等)134.conform to(=be in agreement with,comply with)符合,遵照,遵守;1)obe
24、y 服从;2)observe;3)comply with 照办;4)keep to 遵循;5)abide by 服从;6)stick to 按.做 135.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with)面对,面临 136.congratulate sb.on 祝贺 137.in connection with(=with regard to)关于,138.be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察,知道 139.consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意 140.in conse
25、quence(=as a result)结果 141.in consequence of(=as a consequence of)由于的结果 142.under consideration 在考虑中 143.in consideration of(=in return for,on account of,because of)由于 144.on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不 145.takeinto consideration(=take account of,takeinto account)考虑到,把考虑进去 146.considerate(=th
26、oughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的,considerable 相当大的,值得考虑的 147.consist of(=be composed of)由组成的.consist in 主要在于.consist with 符合,与一致 148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与一致.be consistent in 一贯的,149.consult sb.on/about sth.向征求方面的意见,就向请教 150.to ones hearts content 尽情地,痛痛快快 151.be content with(=b
27、e satisfied with)满足于 be content to do sth.愿意做某事 152.contrary to(=in opposition to)与相反 153.on the contrary 相反 154.contrastwith 把与相对(对照)155.in contrast to/with 和形成对比；by contrast 对比之下 156.contribute to 有助于 157.under control(被)控制住 out of control 无法控制 158.at ones convenience(=where and when it suits one)
28、在方便的时间或地点.be convenient to/for 对方便 159.convince sb.of(=cause sb.to believe or feel certain;to persuade sb.)使某人确信,try to persuade sb.to do sth.劝说某人做 160.cope with(=deal with,try to find a solution to)应付,处理 161.in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at)the comer of a street 在街道拐弯处;round the comer 拐过弯;be in a tight
29、corner 陷入困境 162.correspond(with)(=exchange letters regularly)通信 163.correspond to 相当于.correspond with 符合,一致 164.at all costs 不惜任何代价.at the cost of 以为代价 165.a matter of course 理所当然的事 166.as a matter of course 当然地,自然地 167.in(during)the course 在过程中 168.in due course(=without too much delay)没经过太久,到一定时候
30、169.on credit 赊购;with credit 以优异成绩;to one s credit 使某人感到光荣;do sb.credit 使感到光荣 170be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的 171.cure sb.of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病 172a danger to 对的危险;be in danger(of)处于危险中;be out of danger 脱离危险 173.to date(=so far,until now)到目前为止 174.out of date 过时的；up to date 新式的,时兴的;date back to 可追溯到;date from
31、 从某时期开始(有)175.deal with(=concern)论及 176.be in debt to sb.欠的债 177.on the decline 在衰退中,在减少中 in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加 178.to one s delight 令某人感到高兴；to one s regret 遗憾;sorrow 悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦恼;shame 羞愧;surprise 惊奇;astonishment 惊奇;179.delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢,取乐 180
32、.take(a)delight in 喜欢干,以为乐 181.demand sth.of sb.向某人要求(非物质的)东西.demand sth.from sb.向某人要求(物质的)东西 182.in demand 有需求;on demand 受到要求时 183.be dependent on 依靠 184.deprive sb.of sth.剥夺某人某物 185.derivefrom(=obtainfrom)从取得,由来的.derive from(=come from)起源于 186.despair of(=lose all hope of)绝望 187.in despair 绝望 188.
33、despite(=in spite of)不管,尽管 189.in detail 详细地 190.deviate from 偏离,不按办 191.on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食,节食 192.differ fromin 与的区别在于 193.in difficulties有困难,处境困难,194.discharge sb.(from)for(=dismiss sb.from a job for)因解雇,开除 195.fall back(=retreat,turn back)撤退;in disorder 慌乱地,狼狈不堪 196.on display(=being shown publicl
34、y)陈列 197.dispose of(=get rid of,throw away)处理掉 198.beyond dispute 不容争议的,无可争议 199.in dispute 在争议中 200.in the distance 在远处.make out 辩认出 201.(be)distinct from(=be different from)与截然不同 202.distinguish between(=make or recognize differences)辨别 203.distinguishfrom 把与区别开 204.do away with(=get rid of;abolis
35、h;discard eliminate)除去,废除,取消;do away with(=kill)杀掉,镇压 205.haveto do with 与有关系 206.without doubt(=undoubtedly)无可置疑地 207.in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对表示疑惑 208.be due to 是由于 e off duty 下班 210.go on duty 上班 211.be on duty 值班,值日,在上班时 212.be in duty bound to(do)(=be required by ones job or esp
36、.by conscience)有义务(做)213.be eager for 想得到,盼望 214.by ear(=play music from memory without having seen it printed)凭记忆,不看乐谱 215.have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp.in music and language)对.有鉴赏力 216.a word in ones ear 私房话,秘密话 217.on earth 究竟,到底,全然 218.with ease(=easily)容易,不费力 219.at(ones)
37、ease(=without worry or nervousness)自在,不拘束 220.put sb.at his/her ease(=free sb.from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束 221.economize on(=save sth.instead of being wasteful)节省 222.have an effect on 对有影响 223.be in effect(=be in operation)有效 224.go into effect 生效.(近:come into effect;take effect;be brought in
38、to effect)225.in effect(=in fact,really)实际上 226.give effect to(=carry out)实行,使生效 227.to no effect 不起作用,没有取得任何效果 228.(be)of no effect(=useless)无效 229.to the effect that 大意是,主要内容是 230.to that effect 是那个意思的 231.emerge from(=appear,become known)出现,暴露(问题.意见等)232.place(or put,lay)an emphasis on 强调,把重点放在上
39、233.encourage sb.in 鼓励;encourage sb.in his/her work 鼓励某人工作;encourage sb.in his/her idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲 234.encourage sb.in with sth.用鼓励某人做某事 235.on end(=continuously)连续地 236.(be)at an end(=finished)结束了 237.no end of(=very many/much)很多,大量 238.in the end(=finally,eventually)最终 239.at ones wits end(=not
40、knowing what to do or to say)无法可想,智穷计尽 240.end up with 以而结束 e to and end(=finish)结束 242.end in 以为结束 243.engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,从事 244.enter for(=put the name on a list for)报名参加 245.enter into(=begin)开始(谈话,谈判等)246.enter on/upon(=begin)开始(一个时代.一种生涯.一段任期等)247.be entitled to(=be given the right to
41、 do sth.)有权,有资格 248.be equal to 等于 249.be/feel equal to(=have enough strength,ability etc.)(某人)能胜任,能应付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地 250.be equipped with 装备有,装有 251.(be)equivalent to(=equal in value,amount,meaning)相等于,相当于 252.in essence(=in its/ones nature)本质上 253.at all events(=in spite
42、of everything,in any case)不论怎样,无论如何 254.in any event(=whatever happens in the future)无论如何,不管(将来)怎么样 255.in the event that(=if)假如,如果.in the event 结果,实际情况是(常与 but 连用)256.in the event of(=in case of)万一,即使发生.时 257.except 除以外;besides 除以外还有.258.except(=but)除了。259.except for(=apart from)除以外 260.(an)excepti
43、on to 的例外 261.with the exception of(=except,apart from)除去.,除以外 262.in excess of(=more than)超过 263.exchangefor 以交换 264.exclusive of(=not taking into account;without)不包括 265.in excuse of 作为的借口 266.exerton 对施加 267.exert oneself to do sth.努力,使劲 e into existence(=begin to exist)开始存在;come into use 开始使用;co
44、me into effect 开始运转;come into fashion 开始时新;come into action 开始行动;come into power 开始执政;come into sight 进入视野;come into blossom 开花;269.(be)in existence 存在 come into existence 出现 270.expectof 在期望 271.at the expense of 在损害情况下,以为牺牲 272.exposeto使暴露于,使受(危险,风险)273.be exposed to 面临,受到.274.beyond expression(=i
45、n a manner that cannot be expressed)无法形容,说不出的 275.give expression to 表达,表现 find expression in 表现 276.to extent 在程度上 277.in the extreme(=extremely)极其 278.look sb.in the eye 正视,打量(某人)279.close(shut)ones eyes to 不理会,视而不见 280.in ones minds eye 在心目中,在想象中 281.in the twinkling of an eye 一眨眼,转眼间 282.keep an
46、 eye on(=keep a watch on)照看,监视 283.in the eyes of in ones eyes(=in the judgment of)在某人看来,在某人眼里 284.on the face of it(=judging by what one can see)表面看来 285.in the face of 面对着(困难等情况)286.in ones face 当着某人的面;face to faced 面对面;face up to 大胆面向 287.fail in(=be unsuccessful in)失败 288.in good faith(=honestly
47、,sincerely)真诚地 289.keep faith with 对守信用 290.lose faith in 对失去信心 291.on faith 毫无怀疑地,依赖地 292.faithful to(=loyal to)对忠诚 293.fall into the habit(of)养成习惯 294.fall short of(=fail to reach a desired result,standard,etc.)没达到,低于 295.familiar with 熟悉,了解 296.have a fancy for(=like sth.without the help of reaso
48、n)(没有道理地)喜欢,想要 297.take a fancy to(=become fond of)喜欢 298.by far 远,非常(与比较级或最高级连用)299.far from 远远不是 300.far from 非但不(而且)301.in fashion(=stylish,most modern)时兴,流行 302.after the fashion(of)依照 303.find fault with(=complain about;criticize)找毛病，对吹毛求疵 304.at fault(=in the wrong,blamable)有错 305.in favour of
49、 赞成 306.be in favour with 受宠,受偏爱;out of favour with 失宠,不受宠 307.in ones favour(=to ones advantage)对.有利 308.(be)favourable to(=advantageous)有利的 309.fear for(=be afraid for the safety of sb.or sth.)为担心 310.for fear of(=in case of;because of anxiety about)以防,由于怕 311.in fear of(=afraid for the safety of)
50、担心 312.feed(sb.)on sth.靠吃,用喂养 313.be fed up with(=be unhappy,tired about sth.dull)厌烦,腻了 314.feel like(=have a desire for)想要 315.fill in 填写 316.fill out(=fill in)填写 317.set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth.remarkable)有突出成就 318.play with fire(=take great risks)干冒险事 319.set sth.on fire(