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1、考研外语模拟卷16一、Use of English1、Health care is an extraordinarily obsolete system.Aprofessor of emergency medicine at major university sent me areally heartbreaking(1)lie said that physicians have tostart from the(2)_beginning with every patient.There isno history,no time to(3)一they know nothing about th
2、e(4).We have inferior medical service(5)the computertechnology that could change it is not being used.Thedifficulties of just(6)patient records apart fromanalyzing them(7)一are unnecessary and hinder us fromproviding(8)service.We have the opportunity to do some wholesale rethinking of(9)we provide he
3、alth care and turn it into not onlymedical service,but preventive maintenance that(1 0)thepatient in decision-making.We can begin through pilot anddemonstration projects in hospitals,by doctors,and(11)by private doctor participation.Physicians can show patientsthe(1 2)of their actions and what the a
4、lternatives are.Technologies(1 3)multimedia and interactive computerscan(1 4)patients,in the privacy of their own homes,toask questions about these(1 5).Other countries are movingmuch more(16)than the United States in medicalinformation.The computerization and redesign of Sweden shealth delivery sys
5、tem has reduced that nation，s(1 7)onthe health care from 12%of GNP to a little over 7%.More thanone-third of the population of the Nether-lands has theirmedical records computerized.(1 8)some hospitals in theUnited States keep computerized patient(1 9),theserecords only cover the time the patient is
6、 in the hospital anddo not include their(2 0)medical history.A.magazineB.letterC.giftD.book2、(2)A.veryB.earlyC.realD.first3、A.treatB.careC.prepareD.diagnose4、(4)A.doctorB.patientC.physicianD.nurse5、(5)A.butB.althoughC.thereforeD.because6、(6)A.handlingB.accessingC.collectingD.gathering7、(7)A.quicklyB
7、.rapidlyC.properlyD.really8、(8)A.commonB.inferiorC.ordinaryD.quality9、(9)A.howB.whenC.whyD.where10、(10)A.embracesB.comprisesC.involvesD.includesI K (11)A.especiallyB.exclusivelyC.exactlyD.extremely412、(12)A.preferencesB.substancesC.consequencesD.refernces13、(13)A.for instanceB.for exampleC.such asD.
8、as to14、(14)A.allowB.confessC.induceD.consent15、(15)A.substitutesB.detectivesC.motivesD.alternatives16、(16)A.decisively5B.aggressivelyC.comprehensivelyD.excessively17、(17)A.growthB.purchaseC.spendingD.development18、(18)A.H oweverB.WhileC.M oreoverD.F urthermore19、(19)A.filesB.documentsC.recordsD.inf
9、ormation20、(20)A.partialB.absoluteC.major6D.entire二、Reading Comprehension1、Part ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questionsbelow each text by choosing A,B,C or D.(40 points)A few common misconceptions.Beauty is only skin-deep.Onesphysical assets and liabilities dont count all that
10、 much ina managerial career.A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years,social scientists have conducted morethan 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful andnot-so-beautifu1 people.The virtually unanimous conclusion:Looks do matter,more than most of us realize.The data sugge
11、st,for example,that physically attractive individuals are morelikely to be treated well by their patents,sought out asfriends,and pursued romantically.With the possible exceptionof women seeking managerial jobs,they are also more likely tobe hired,paid well,and promoted.The scientists typical experi
12、ment works something like this.They give each member of a group一college students,perhaps,or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paperrelating an individuaT s accomplishments.Attached to thepaper is a photograph.While the papers all say exactly the samething the pictures are different
13、.Some show a strikinglyattractive person,some an average looking character,and somean unusually unattractive human being.Group members are askedto rate the individual on certain attributes,anything frompersonal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will bepromoted.Almost invariably,the better look
14、ing the person in the picture,the higher the person is rated.In the phrase,borrowed fromSappo,that the social scientists use to sum up the commonperception,what is beautiful is good.In business,however,good looks cut both ways for women,anddeeper than for men.A Utah State University professor,who is
15、an authority on the subject,explains:in terms of their careers,the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest.But its potential impact on females can be tremendous,makingit easier,for example,for the more attractive to get jobswhere they are in the public eye.On another note,though,th
16、ereis enough literature now for us to conclude that attractivewomen who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as wellas women who may be less attractive.According to the passage,people often wrongly believe thatin pursuing a career as a manager不_Qq 8A.a persons property or debts do not matter
17、 much.B.a persons outward appearance is not a criticalqualification.C.women should always dress fashionably.D.women should not only be attractive but also high-minded.2、The result of research carried out by social scientists showsthatA.people do not realize the importance of looking ones best.B.wome
18、n in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to bepaid well.C.good-looking women aspire to managerial positions.D.attractive people generally have an advantage over thosewho are not.3、Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluateindividuals on certain attributesA.they observe the
19、principle that beauty is only skin-deep.B.they do not usually act according to the views they support.C.they give ordinary-looking persons the low ratings.D.they tend to base their judgment on the individualsaccomplishments.4、The sentence“good looks cut both ways for womenz，(Line 1,Paragraph 5)means
20、 thatA.attractive women have tremendous potential impact onpublic jobs.B.good-looking women always get the best of everything.C.being attractive is not always an advantage for women.D.attractive women do not do as well as unattractive womenin managerial positions.5、It can be inferred from the passag
21、e that in the businessw o r l d.A.handsome men are not affected as much by their looks asattractive women areB.physically attractive women who are in the public eyeusually do quite wellC.physically attractive men and women who are in the publiceye usually get along quite wellD.good looks are importa
22、nt for women as they are for men6、Now and again I have had horrible dreams,but not enoughof them to make me Jose my delight in dreams.To begin with,I like the idea of dreaming,of going to bed and lying still不_Qq 10and then,by some queer magic,wandering into another kind ofexistence.I could never und
23、erstand why grown-ups took dreamingso calmly when they could make such a fuss about any holiday.This still puzzles me.I am mystified by people who say theynever dream and appear to have no interest in the subject.Itis much more astonishing than if they said they never went outfor a walk.Most people
24、or at least most Western Europeans donot seem to accept dreaming as part of their lives.They appearto see it as an annoying little habit,like sneezing or yawning.I have never understood this.My dream life does not seem asimportant as my waking life only because there is far less ofit,but to me it is
25、 important.As if there were at least twoextra continents added to the world,and lightning excursionsrunning to them at any moment between midnight and breakfast.Then again,the dream life,though queer and confusing andunsatisfactory in many respects,has its own advantages.Thedead are there,smiling an
26、d talking.The past is there,some-times al 1 broken and confused but occasionally as freshas a daisy.And perhaps,the future is there too,waving at us.This dream life is often overshadowed by huge mysteriousanxieties,with luggage that cannot be packed and trains thatrefuse to be caught;and both person
27、s and scenes there are notas dependable and solid as they are in waking life,so that Brownand Smith merge into one person while Robinson splits into two,and there are thick woods outside the bathroom door and thedining-room is somehow part of a theater balcony;and there aremoments of sorrow or terro
28、r in the dream world that are worsethan anything else we have known under the sun.Yet this otherlife has its interests,its enjoyments,its satisfactions,and,at certain rare intervals,a peaceful glow or a suddenexcitement,like glimpses of another form,of existencealtogether,that we cannot match with o
29、pen eyes.As for dreams,we can conclude thatA.when the author has wonderful dreams,he will be happy forthe whole day.B.if the author had too much terrible dreams,he would feelannoyed.C.the author wishes that he could make no fuss about anyholiday.D.the author wishes that he could have more strange dr
30、eams.7、It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the authorisA.a child.B.an adult.C.a psychologist.D.a doctor.8、What has the author never understood?A.Most people like sneezing or yawing.B.Most people consider dreaming to be all unimportant habit.C.Most people treat sneezing or yawning as an
31、unimportantlittle habit.D.Most people regard dreaming as an unpleasant little habit.9、The passage tells us that in the dream world there is/areA.nothing terrible or delightful.B.only moments of sorrow or terror.C.mysterious anxieties as well as enjoyments.D.only moments of peaceful glow or sudden ex
32、citement.10、Brown,Smi th and Robinson areA.dead friends of the writer.B.people you or I might know.C.living friends of the writer.D.some well-known people.1 1 There is a confused notion in the minds of many peoplethat the gathering of the property of the poor into the handsof the rich does no ultima
33、te harm,since in whosever hands itmay be,it must be spent at last,and thus,they think,returnto the poor again.This fallacy has been again and again exposed;but granting the plea true,the same apology may,of course,be made for blackmail,or any other form,of robbery.It mightbe(though practically it ne
34、ver is)as advantageous for thenotion that the robber should have the spending of the moneyhe extorts,as that the person robbed should have spent it.Butthis is no excuse for the theft.If I were to put a tollgateon the road where it passes my own gate,and endeavor to extracta shilling from every passe
35、nger,the public would soon do awaywith my gate,without listening to any pleas on my part thatit was as advantageous to them,in the end,that I should spendtheir shillings,as that they themselves should.But if,instead of outfacing them with a tollgate,I can only persuadethem to come in and buy stones,
36、or old iron,or any other uselessthing,out of my ground,I may rob them to the same extent and,moreover,be thanked as a public benefactor and promoter ofcommercial prosperity.And this main question for the poor of England for the poorof all countries一is wholly omitted in every writing on thesubject of
37、 wealth.Even by the laborers themselves,theoperation of capital is regarded only in its effect on theirimmediate interests,never in the far more terrific power ofits appointment of the kind and the object of labor.It matterslittle,ultimately,how much a laborer is paid for makinganything,but it matte
38、rs fearfully what the thing is which heis compelled to make.If his labor is so ordered as to producefood,fresh air,and fresh water,no matter that his wages arelow,the food and the fresh air and water will be at last there,and he will at last get them.But if he is paid to destroy foodand fresh air,or
39、 to produce iron bars instead of them,the foodand air will finally not be there,and he will not get them,to his great and final inconvenience.So that,conclusively,in political as in household economy,the great question is notso much what money you have in your pocket,as what you willbuy with it and
40、do with it.The author gives the example of a tollgate in the firstparagraph to indicate thatA.it is an act of robbery.B.it is an impractical plan.C.it will break the law.D.it can make people rich.12、The word/，fallacy,，(Paragraph 1)most probably meansA.incorrect explanations.B.arbitrary decisions.C.r
41、easonable excuses.D.logical errors in argument.13、What is the main question for the poor”(Line 1,Paragraph2)according to the passage?A.The poor are not the master of themselves.B.The poor fail to see the real power of the operation ofcapital.C.The poor do not understand that they are buying things t
42、heydo not need.D.The laborers are always deceived by the rich who pretendto be benefactors.14、It can be inferred from the passage that the author believesA.there are few honest businessmen.B.the rich are the same as thieves in their accumulation ofwealth.C.robbers are also benefactors to society see
43、n from adifferent angle.D.equal distribution of property leads to increase ofconsumer demand.15、It can be inferred that the authors attitude toward the earlystage of British industrialization should be one ofA.ambiguity.B.indifference.C.disgust.D.admiration.16、The historian Frederick J.Turner wrote
44、in the 1890s thatthe agrarian discontent that had been developing steadily inthe United States since about 1870 had been speeded by theclosing of the internal frontier that is,the depletion ofavailable new land needed for further expansion of the Americanfarming system.Not only was Turners thesis in
45、fluential at thetime,it was later adopted and elaborated by other scholars,such as John D.Hicks in The populist Revolt(1931).Actually,however,new lands were taken up for farming in the UnitedStates throughout and beyond the nineteenth century.In the1890s,when agrarian discontent had become most acut
46、e,1,100,000 new farms were settled,which was 500,000 more thanhad been settled during the previous decade.After 1890,underthe terms of the Homestead Act and its successors,more new landwas taken up for fanning than had been taken up for this purposein the United states up until that time.It is true
47、that a highproportion of the newly fanned land was suitable only forgrazing and dry farming,but agricultural practices had becomesufficiently advanced to make it possible to increase theprofitability of farming by utilizing even these relativelybarren lands.The emphasis given by both scholars and st
48、atesmen to thepresumed disappearance of the American frontier helped toobscure the great importance of changes in the conditions andconsequences of international trade that occurred during thesecond half of the nineteenth century.In 186 9 the Suez Canalwas opened and the first transcontinental railr
49、oad in theUnited States was completed.An extensive network of telegraphand telephone communications was spun:Europe was connected bysubmarine cable with the United States in 186 6 and with SouthAmerica in 1874.By about 1870 improvements in agriculturaltechnology made possible the full exploitation o
50、f areas thatwere most suitable for extensive farming on a mechanized basis.Huge tracts of land were being settled and farmed in Argentina,Australia,Canada,and in the American West,and these areaswere joined with one another and with the countries of Europeinto an interdependent market system.As a co