《2020年度全国职称英语等级考试试题.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020年度全国职称英语等级考试试题.pdf（104页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、全 国 职 称 英 语 等 级 考 试 试 题资 料 仅 供 参 考 全 国 职 称 英 语 等 级 考 试 综 合 类（C）级 试 题 第 1部 分：词 汇 选 项（第 1 15题，每 题 1分，共 15分）下 面 每 个 句 子 中 均 有 1个 词 或 短 语 划 有 底 横 线，请 为 每 处 划 线 部 分 确 定 1个 意 义 最 为 接 近 的 选 项。1、This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.A.openB.suddenC.cruelD.direct2、The frame needs to be strong enough tosu
2、pport the engine.A.bottomB,surfaceC.topD.structure3、Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8：00资 料 仅 供 参 考 and 9：00 in the morning.A.borderB.goalC.levelD.peak4、she came across three children sleeping undera bridge.A.passed byB,found by chanceC.took a notice ofD.woke up5、She gets aggressive when she i
3、s drunk.A.worriedB.sleepyC.anxiousD.offensive6、I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look资 料 仅 供 参 考 at me.A.threwB.brokeC.stretchedD.seized7、I tried to detach myself the reality of theseterrible events.A.separateB bringC.putD.set更 多 题 型，题 库 到 天 宇 考 王 官 网 下 载。8、It seemed incredible that he had been
4、 there aweek already.A.rightB.obviousC.unbelievableD.unclear资 料 仅 供 参 考 9、“There is no other choice/*she said in a harshvoice.A.unkindB,firmC.softD.deep10、We found shelter from the rain under thetrees.A.defenseB.standingC.roomD.protection11、The odd thing was that he didn*t recognizeme.A.strangeB.rea
5、lC.whole资 料 仅 供 参 考 D.same12、That performance was pretty impressive.A.completelyB.beautifullyC.veryD.equally13、We have to change the publics perceptionthat money is everything.A.sightB.interestC.beliefD.pressure14、He was tempted by the high salary offeredby the company.A.attractedB,taughtC.kept资 料 仅
6、 供 参 考 D.changed15、I have little information as regards herfitness for the post.A.atB.aboutC.withD.from参 考 答 案：L5 AACAA 6-10BDCDC 11-15ACBDD更 多 题 型，题 库 到 天 宇 考 王 官 网 下 载。第 2 部 分：阅 读 判 断（第 16 2 2题，每 题 1分，共 7 分）下 面 的 短 文 后 列 出 了 7 个 句 子，请 根 据 短 文 的 内 容 对 每 个 句 子 做 出 判 断：如 果 该 句 提 供 的 是 正 确 信 息，请 选 择 A
7、;如 果 该 句 提 供 的 是 错 误 信 息，请 选 择 B;如 果 该 句 的 信 息 文 中 没 有 提 及，请 选 择 C。Kicking the Habit资 料 仅 供 参 考 What is a bad habit?The most definition isthat it is something that we do regularly,almostwithout thinking about it,and which has somesort of negative consequence.This consequencecould affect those around
8、 us,or it could affect uspersonally.Those who deny having bad habitsare probably lying.Bad habits are part of whatmakes us human.Many early habits,like sucking out thumb,are broken when we are very young.We areeither told to stop doing it by our parents,or weconsciously or subconsciously observe tha
9、tothers do not have the same habit,and wegradually grow out of it.It is when weintentionally or unintentionally pick up newhabits in our later childhood or early adulthoodthat it becomes a problem.Unless we can breakthat habit early on,it becomes a part of out life,and becomes“programmed”into our br
10、ain.A recent study of human memory suggeststhat no matter how hard we try to change ourhabits,it is the old ways that tend to win,资 料 仅 供 参 考 especially in situations where we are rushed,stressed or overworked.Habits that we thoughtwe had got rid of can suddenly come back.During the study program,th
11、e researchersshowed a group of volunteers several pictures,and gave them words to associate with them.They then showed the volunteers the samepicture again,and gave them new words toassociate with them.A few days later,the volunteers were givena test.The researchers showed them the pictures,and told
12、 them to respond with one of the wordsthey had been given for each one.It came as nosurprise that their answers were split betweenthe first set of words and second.Two weekslater,they were given the same test again.Thistime,most of them only gave the first set ofwords.They appeared to have completel
13、yforgotten the second set.The study confirms that the responses welearn first are those that remain strongest overtime.We may try to change our ways,but after资 料 仅 供 参 考 a while,the response that comes to mind first isusually the first one we learned.The more thatresponse is used,the more automatic
14、it becomesand the harder it becomes to respond in anyother way.The study therefore suggests that over time,our bad habits also become automatic,learnedbehavior.This is not good news for people whopick up bad habits early in life and now want tochange or break them.Even when we try to putnew,good int
15、entions into practice,thoseprevious learned habits remain stronger in moreautomatic,unconscious forms of memory.16.Boys usually develop bad habits whenthey are very young.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17.We can only break bad habits if otherstell us to do.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18.Bad habit
16、s may return when we areunder pressure.资 料 仅 供 参 考 A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19.Researchers were surprised by theanswer that the volunteers gave in the first test.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20.The volunteers found the test moredifficult when they did it the second time.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not
17、 mentioned21.The study suggests that it is moredifficult to respond what to get rid of.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned22.If we develop bad habits early in life,they are harder to get rid of.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned参 考 答 案：c、B、A、B、C、B、A第 3 部 分：概 括 大 意 与 完 成 句 子（第 23 3 0题，每 题 1分，共 8 分）下 面 的 短 文
18、 后 有 2 项 测 试 任 务：（1）第 23 26题 要 求 从 所 给 的 6个 选 项 中 为 第 1 4 段 每 段 1选 择 个 最 佳 标 题;（2）第 27 30题 要 求 从 所 给 的 6 个 选 项 中 为 每 个 句 子 确 定 1个 最 佳 选 项。Pedestrians Only?资 料 仅 供 参 考 1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areasgoes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Mi
19、ddleEastern countries to allow people to shop incomfort and,more importantly,safety.As farback as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was bannedfrom central Rome during the day to allow forthe free movement of pedestrians（行 人）andwas only allowed in at night when shops andmarkets had closed for the day.In m
20、ost othercities,however,pedestrians were forced to sharethe streets with horses,coaches and,later,withcars and other motorised vehicles.2 The modern,traffic-free shopping streetwas born in Europe in the 1960s,when both citypopulations and car ownership increasedrapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the
21、risksinvolved in crossing the road were beginning tomake shopping an unpleasant and dangerousexperience.Many believed the time was rightfor experimenting with car-free streets,andshopping areas seemed the best place to start.资 料 仅 供 参 考 3 At first,there was resistance fromshopkeepers.They believed t
22、hat such a movewould be bad for business.They argued thatpeople would avoid streets if they were unable toget to them in their cars.When the first streetsin Europe were closed to traffic,there were evennoisy demonstrations,as many shopkeeperspredicted they would lose customers.4 However,research car
23、ried out afterwardsin several European cities revealed someunexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne andHamburg,visitors to shopping areas increasedby 50 percent.On Copenhagens main shoppingstreet,shopkeepers reported sales increases of25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,theUSA.were so impressed
24、when they learnt thisthat they even offered to pay for theconstruction and maintenance costs of their owntraffic-free streets.5 With the arrival of the traffic-freeshopping street,many shops,especially thoseselling things like clothes,food and smaller资 料 仅 供 参 考 luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,
25、itwasnt good news for everyone,as shops sellingfurniture and larger electrical appliances（电 器）actually saw their sates drop.Many of thesewere forced to move elsewhere,away from thecity centre.23.Paragraph 124.Paragraph 225.Paragraph 326.Paragraph 4A Facing protests from shop ownersB An experiment th
26、at went wrongC Increase in sales and customersD Popularity of online shoppingE A need for changeF An idea from ancient history27.Traffic-free shopping streets firstdeveloped i n.28.In the 1960s,dirty gases from cars mades h o p p i n g,资 料 仅 供 参 考 29.Shopkeepers mistakenly believed thecar-free stree
27、ts would keep a w a y.30.The arrival of the traffic-free shoppingstreet made many lose their business.A furniture sellersB a bad experienceC Middle Eastern countriesD customersE North AmericaF pedestrians参 考 答 案：23.F 24.E 25.A 26.C27.C 28.B 29.D 30.A第 4 部 分：阅 读 理 解（第 31 4 5题，每 题 3 分，共 4 5分）下 面 有 3 篇
28、 短 文，每 篇 短 文 后 有 5 道 题，每 道 题 后 面 有 4 个 选 项。请 根 据 文 章 的 内 容，从 每 题 所 给 的 4 个 选 项 中 选 择 1个 最 佳 答 案，涂 在 答 题 卡 相 应 的 位 置 上。/r t t jAn Expensive Mistake资 料 仅 供 参 考 Is there water on the planet Mars?Is therelife on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know theanswers to these que
29、stions.They built aspacecraft to travel around Mars and getinformation.The spacecraft was called the MarsClimate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars inDecember 1998.The trip took nine and a halfmonths.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,somethingterrible ha
30、ppened.The spacecraft didnt go tothe right place.It went too close to Mars.It wastoo hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraftcouldnt function correctly.Suddenly,it stoppedsending message to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen?Howdid the Orbiter get closer to Mars than thes
31、cientists planned?Finally,they found theanswer.Two teams of scientists worked togetheron the Orbiter.One team was in England,andone team was in the United States.There were资 料 仅 供 参 考 many similarities in the way they worked,butthere was one important difference:The teamsused different guidelines fo
32、r measuring things.The United States team used the metricsystem(公 制).The other team used the Englishsystem.Because they used different systems,thescientists made a mathematical mistake.TheOrbiters orbit(the shape and pattern of itspath)around Mars was not correct.Thescientists put the Orbiter on the
33、 wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot,and itstopped functioning.Why didnt anybody see the mistake beforeit was too late?Many things contributed to theproblem.One thing was that NASA scientistsand mathematicians were working on two otherspacecrafts at the same time.This was achallenge,and
34、 they were very tired fromworking long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 millionto build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find资 料 仅 供 参 考 the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASAsresearch on the cause of the problem was veryexpensive.This wasnt the first time that twodifferent measuremen
35、t systems caused mistakesin scientific projects.However,the MarsClimate Orbiter was definitely the mostexpensive mistake of all!31 NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter toget information a b o u t.A.the size of MarsB.possible life on MarsC.the shape of marsD.the atmosphere of Mars32 How long did it ta
36、ke the Orbiter to getclose to Mars?A.One year.B.Less than one year.C.About two and a half years.D.More than three years.33 When did the Orbiters problem begin?A.Right after if left for Mars.资 料 仅 供 参 考 B.Right after it landed on Mars.C.When it got near Mars.D.When it returned to Earth.34 What caused
37、 the Orbiters problem?A.Scientists used wrong guidelines ofmathematics.B.Scientists used wrong building materials.C.Scientists used different operatingsystems.D.Scientists used different measurementsystems.35 Why didnt NASA scientists identifythe problem before the Orbiter left for Mars?A.They didnt
38、 know the English system.B.They were sure of the success of the trip.C.They were tired from working longhours.D.They didnt get enough researchfunding.参 考 答 案：31.B 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.C资 料 仅 供 参 考“J-A tt)The Development of BalletBallet is a dance form that has a longhistory.The fact that it survives to
39、 this dayshows that it has adjusted as times havechanged.Ballet began in the royal courts during theRenaissance.At that time it became common forkings and queens,as well as other nobility,toparticipate in pageants that included music,poetry,and dance.As these entertainmentsmoved from the Italian cou
40、rts to the Frenchones,court ladies began participating in them.Though their long dresses prevented muchmovement,they were able to perform elaboratewalking patterns.It was not until the 1600s thatwomen dancers shortened their skirts,changedto flat shoes,and began doing some of the leapsand turns perf
41、ormed by men.It was also in the 1600s that professionalballet began.King Louis XIV of France,himselfa devoted dancer,founded the Royal Academy资 料 仅 供 参 考 of Dance.The five basic feet positions fromwhich all ballet steps begin were finalized.In thelate 1700s another important change occurred.Ballet b
42、egan to tell a story on its own.It was nolonger simply dance to be performed betweenacts of plays.Elaborate wigs and costumes wereeliminated.By the early 1800s dancers learnedto rise on their toes to make it appear that theywere floating.Classical ballet as we know it today wasinfluenced primarily b
43、y Russian dancing.TheRussians remained interested in ballet when itdeclined in other European countries in themid-1800s.One of the most influential figures ofthe early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev.Hisdance company,the Ballets Russees,brought anew energy and excitement to ballet.One of hischief
44、assistants,George Balanchine,went on tofound the New York City Ballet in 1948 and toinfluence new generations of dancers.36 This passage deals mainly w i t h.A famous names in ballet资 料 仅 供 参 考 B Russian balletC how ballet has developedD why ballet is no longer popular37 The word pageants in paragra
45、ph 2m e a n s.A dancesB instructorsC royal courtsD big shows38 Professional ballet was first performedi n.A FranceB ItalyC RussiaD America39 Who had an important influence on earlyballet?A Balanchine.B Antoinette.C Louis XIV.资 料 仅 供 参 考 D Diaghilev.40 We can conclude from this passage thatb a l l e
46、t.A will continue to change as new peopleand ideas influence itB is a dying artC is currently performed only in RussiaD is often performed by dancers with littletraining参 考 答 案：36.C 37.D 38.A 39.C 40.A-柄 Operation MigrationIf you look up at the sky in the early fall inthe northern part of North Amer
47、ica,you maysee groups of birds.These birds are flying southto places where they can find food and warmthfor the winter.They are migrating（迁 徙）.Theyoung birds usually learn to migrate from theirparents.They follow their parents south.In oneunusual case,however,the young birds arefollowing something v
48、ery different.These birds资 料 仅 供 参 考 are young whooping cranes,and they arefollowing an airplane!The whooping crane is the largest bird thatis native to North America.These birds almostdisappeared in the 1800s.By 1941,there wereonly about 20 cranes alive.In the 1970s,peoplewere worried that these cr
49、eatures were indanger of disappearing completely.As a result,the United States identified whooping cranes asan endangered species that they needed toprotect.Some researchers tried to help.They beganto breed whooping cranes in special parks toincrease the number of birds.This plan wassuccessful.There
50、 were a lot of new baby birds.As the birds became older,the researcherswanted to return them to nature.However,there was a problem:These young birds did notknow how to migrate.They needed human help.In,some people had a creative idea.They formed an organization called OperationMigration.This group d