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1、福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中202L2022第一学期期中考高三年英语试卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共5题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is different about the woman?A. She got a haircut.B. Shes wearing a necklace.C. She is dressed in a new blouse
2、.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 M: You look different, Laura. Is it your diamond necklace? No, thats not it. I know its that new blouse youre wearing. You look good!W: Actually, I wore this last Sunday. Whafs changed is my hair. I just cut it myself!2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the man probably do?A. Have his car
3、fixed.B. Go shopping with Lisa.C. Drive the woman to a park.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Who else is going to the pop festival at the park? I have space in my car for one more.W: Td like a ride, Ed! Adam was going to take me, but he decided to go shopping with Lisa at the last minute.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What mi
4、ght the man be?A. Tn a boat.B. In a pool.C. In a bath.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I dont like this. I feel like Im sinking. Are you sure Ill be OK?W: Youre doing just fine. Just keep kicking your legs, and pushing out with your arms.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who might the man be?users-cows. The project was developed
5、 by American technology company Cisco Systems. Jt also receives moneyfrom the British government. Cisco says the program seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areasaround the world.Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas of England. The cows are equipped with 5G-con
6、necteddevices （装置）that link up to a robotic milking system, which uses sensors and machine learning to fully automatethe process. System designers say technology takes over after a cow feels ready to be milked and walks toward anautomatic gate. The device is designed to recognize each individual cow
7、. It then positions equipment to the right bodyposition for milking. During the process, machines release food for the cow as a reward.Other 5G technology tools include automated brushes that turn on when the cow rubs up against them. Sensorsalso control the amount of light to the cows, living areas
8、 depending on the weather. And, an automatic feeding systemmakes sure the animals always get enough to eat.Duncan Forbes, head of the project, told Reuters that the project shows the farms cow operations can be greatlyimproved with 5G technology and that the experiment provides strong evidence that
9、5G technology can be widelyused in the future, not just on farms in Britain, but in rural communities across the world.28What is the purpose of Cisco Systems9 program?A.To win financial support from British government.B.To test the effects of 5G technology on animalsC.To promote its technological de
10、velopment in BritainD.To expand the future use of 5G in rural communities.29.What does the underlined word It in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.The project.B.The company.C.The technology.D.The group.30.What can we learn about 5G according to the text?A.It is no worse than 4G in terms of speed.B.It is alread
11、y widely available in the world.C.It enables cows to control their own milking.D.It is based on sensors and machine learning.31.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment.B.Lifestyle.C.Education.D.Technology.【答案】28.D29. A 30. C 31. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国思科公司在一个项目中将5G技术应用于奶牛身上来
12、实现挤奶的自动化。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Cisco says the program seeks to explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural areas around the world.可知思科表示，该项目旨在探索全球农村社区5G连接的未来。也就是该项目是为了扩大 未来在农村社区5G的使用。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems.Jt also receives m
13、oney from the British government.可知该项目由美国科技公司思科系统网络公司开发。它还得到了 英国政府的资金支持。这里的it指的就是上文中的the project,故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices （装置）that link up to a robotic milking system .the right body position fbr milking. During the process, machines release food for
14、the cow as a reward.可知奶牛身上配备的5G连接设备与一个机器人控制的挤奶系统相连。该系统利用传感器和机器学 习实现整个挤奶过程的自动化。系统设计人员称，当奶牛感觉准备好挤奶并走向一个自动门时，接下来的 流程将由技术完成。该设备可以识别出每一头奶牛。然后，它将（挤奶）设备准确地锁定到挤奶的位置。在 这个过程中，机器会给奶牛投放食物作为奖励。由此判断5G可以用来让奶牛自己控制挤奶。故选C项。31题详解】推理判断题。本文主要是讲的将5G技术应用于奶牛身上，实现挤奶的自动化，由此推断这篇文章属于科学 技术板块。故选D项。DNamed after the “quest （探索）fbr
15、 heavenly truth”，Tianwen 1, Chinas first Mars probe （探测器），has given us breathtaking images of the red planet.These are the first close-up images of Mars surface taken by China, which were made public by the China National Space Administration （CNSA） on March 4, this year. The probe shot high-definit
16、ion pictures while traveling in Mars* orbit. Craters （撞击坑）,mountain ridges （山脊）and sand dunes （沙丘）can clearly be seen. CNSA estimated that the largest crater in the image could be about 620 meters in diameter （直径）.The pictures were taken at different distances from Mars. The two black-and-white imag
17、es were taken by the high-resolution （高分辨率的）camera on Tianwen 1 when the probe was about 330-350 kilometers above the Martian surface. As fbr the color image, it was taken by Tianwen 1 s medium-resolution camera.It is the shooting modes that determine if the images are black-and-white or colored. Th
18、e high-resolution camera can take both color and panchromatic （全色的）images. Panchromatic images, which are black and white, are the clearest, containing the largest amount of data for scientific study. The medium-resolution camera, although featuring automatic exposure and remote control, can only pr
19、oduce lesser clear images. Scientists combined the panchromatic and color images, obtaining a clear and beautiful color image.Tianwen 1 was launched on July 23rd 2020 and landed on Mars on May 15th, 2021. The success of Tianwen 1mission makes China another nation after the U.S. and the Soviet Union
20、to land on Mars. Now China is among the leading countries in planetary exploration by virtue of advanced technology and Chinese spaceflight spirit.32. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Panchromatic images are colored.B. The images were issued on March 4.C. Tianwen 1 landed on Mars in May this ye
21、ar.D. China is the third nation to land on Mars.33. What do we know about the pictures of Mars taken by Tianwen 1?A. CNSA released five high-resolution images of Mars recently.B. Mountain ridges are not clear enough in the pictures.C. The panchromatic images include more data.D. They are the first c
22、lose-up images taken of Mars.34. How were these images taken?A. They were all taken by a high-resolution camera.B. They were taken in different shooting models.C. The colors of the images were adjusted by a remote control.D. They were taken when the probe passed Utopia Planitia.35. What is the autho
23、rs main purpose in writing the article?A. To describe the techniques Tianwen 1 used to take these pictures of Mars.B. To tell us the difficulties in taking pictures of Mars.C. To introduce pictures of Mars released by CNSA.D To inform readers of the importance of these images of Mars.【答案】32.A33. C 3
24、4. B 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国首次火星探测任务及首个火星探测器“天问一号”拍摄火星照 片的技术。【32题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的 uPanchromatic images, which are black and white, are the clearest, containing the largest amount of data for scientific study.（黑白全色图像是最清晰的，包含了最多的科学研究数据）”可知，全 色图像（Panchromatic images）是黑白的，不是彩色的。故选A项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由第四
25、段中的 u Panchromatic images, which are black and white, are the clearest, containing the largest amount of data for scientific study.（黑白全色图像是最清晰的，包含了最多的科学研究数据）”可知I,全 色图像（Panchromatic images）包含更多的数据。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第三段 “The pictures were taken at different distances from Mars. The two black-and-whit
26、e images were taken by the high-resolution （高分辨率的）camera on Tianwen 1 when the probe was about 330-350 kilometers above the Martian surface. As for the color image, it was taken by Tianwen 1s medium-resolution camera.（这些照 片是在离火星不同的地方拍摄的。这两张黑白照片是由天问一号上的高分辨率相机拍摄的，当时探测器位 于火星表面330-350公里的高空。至于彩色图像，它是由天间一
27、号的中分辨率相机拍摄的）”和第四段中的 “It is the shooting modes that determine if the images are black-and-white or colored. The high-resolution camera can take both color and panchromatic （全色的）images. Panchromatic images, which are black and white, are the clearest, containing the largest amount of data fbr scientif
28、ic study. The medium-resolution camera, although featuring automatic exposure and remote control, can only produce lesser clear images.（拍摄模式决定图像是黑白还是彩 色。高分辨率相机可以拍摄彩色和全色图像。黑白全色图像是最清晰的，包含了最多的科学研究数据。中 分辨率相机虽然具有自动曝光和遥控功能，但只能产生较不清晰的图像）”可知，拍摄模式决定图像是黑白 的还是彩色的，这些照片有黑白照片也有彩色照片，是在高分辨率相机和中分辨率相机条件下分别拍摄， 说明这些照片是
29、在不同的拍摄模式下拍摄的。故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。第一二段讲“中国第一颗火星探测器“天问一号”拍摄的火星照片”，第三四段讲“这些拍 摄的火星照片运用的拍照技术：高分辨率拍摄和中分辨率拍摄”，最后一段讲“天问一号任务成功的意 义”，可知作者主要是向读者描述天问一号拍摄火星照片的技术。故选A项。第二节：七选五（共5小题,每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are thinking about asking for a raise in salary, there are several things to ke
30、ep in mind. First, considerwhether you deserve a higher salary. 36 Sit down and make a list of your job accomplishments. Be as specific as possible. For example, think about important projects you have worked on, things you have done to improve the organization of work in your department, or how you
31、r efforts have brought more money to the company. Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job. 37 Bear in mind that salary levels are based not only on performance but also on
32、the market for your particular skills. Before you ask for a raise, you need to do some research. You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience. 38 Your initial request should actually be slightly higher than the amount yo
33、u want in order to leave some room for negotiation. Then, if you have to go lower than this amount, you still end up with something close to what you want.39 If you have recently been given new responsibilities, it makes sense to ask for a higher level of compensation. On the other hand, if the comp
34、any is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response. It would be better to wait until the company is in a better financial position. Finally, never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary. Your need to pay your childs col
35、lege tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss. 40 That is where you need to keep the conversation. A. This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for.B. Skills play a key role in your salary level.C. A crucial point is the timing of your request.
36、D. Everyone is eager for a raise in salary.E. You probably do, but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss.F. Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone.G. Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss.【答案】36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F【解析】【分
37、析】这是一篇说明文。作者用了有说服力的语言，介绍了员工向雇主提出增加薪金前应考虑的事情。 【36题详解】根据前文“First, consider whether you deserve a higher salary.v首先，你要考虑你是否值得更高的薪水，E项 说你可能值得，但是你要向你的老板解释为什么。本句起承上启下的作用，You probably do中的do,指前 deserve a higher salary,用do避免重复。本句explainwhy和后面部分的内容紧密相连。故选E项， 【37题详解】前文说 “Also include any professional developm
38、ent opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job” 还要包括你最近利用的职业发展机会， 并准备好解释它们是如何提高你在工作中的表现的。G项说当你见老板的时候，你就会准备地更好了。本句是段落的结尾句，说明了做到前述几项，就会有本句所说情况的出现。故选G项。【38题详解】 上文说 “ You should investigate the industry standards for sala
39、ries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience.你应该调查一下行业对相似职位、相似经验水平的人的工资标准。上文提到了工资标准。A 项说这将帮助你确定多少钱是合理的要求。本句承上，前后意思关联紧密。选项的amount of money照应上 文的salaries,故选A项。【39题详解】 根据后文的 “if the company is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be
40、met with a favorable response.v如果公司正经历财政困难，要求更多的钱可能不会得到一个有利的回应。本 段后面内容从正反两方面，说明提出要求增加薪金时，要选择恰当的时机。C项说关键的一点是你请求的时 间，提到了时间，照应下文。故选C项。【40题详解】 上文说u never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary.n不要给出要求加薪的个人原因。F项说我们 的工资水平应该仅仅基于职业方面的考虑。本句从正面用来支持本段的主题句，它也同后面一句有承接关 系。故选F项。第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节
41、：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Pennsylvania is full of mysterious places! One of those is an old turnpike（收费高速公路）41 for decades.My dad loves history, and he learned it was open to the public. 42, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to43 this road!My dad chose a 16-mile 4
42、4 of the road for us to ride. Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long! To 45 , we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries. In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the car and set off. As we approached the tunnel, I felt 46 as it was absolute
43、ly black inside! But Dad encouraged me. He said he would be beside me. He reminded me to stay 47 and keep my light on!When we 48 the tunnel, the sound of our bikes was heard through the darkness. I shined my flash lightaround and saw walls 49 in graffti（涂鸦）.And I felt like I was being 50! I was pret
44、ty scared, but51 on following Dad helped me relax. After riding half-way through, I could see light coming from the other end, motivating me to keep going. And I was so delighted to ride out into the bright afternoon!Whenever going through 52in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my fathe
45、r is always besideme. He turns on the light of hope in my 53 as well as gives me 54 to keep riding through lifes55tunnels.41.A.lockedB.abandonedC.destroyedD.designed42.A.MeanwhileB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.However43.A.repairB.buildC.protectD.explore44.A.courseB.sectionC.blockD.tunnel45.A.prepareB.regis
46、terC.cooperateD.participate46.A.exhaustedB.nervousC.annoyedD.excited47.A.positiveB.curiousC.cautiousD.silent48.A.approachedB.constructedC.observedD.entered49.A.coveredB.buriedC.absorbedD.dressed50.A.forcedB.abusedC.watchedD.judged51.A.dependingB.callingC.survivingD.focusing52.A.accidentsB.regulation
47、sC.hardshipsD.incidents53.A.chestB.workC.tripD.heart54.A.courageB.excitementC.prideD.enthusiasm55.A.difficultB.darkC.distantD.long【答案】4LB 42. C43. D 44. B45. A46. B 47. C48. D49. AD 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和爸爸的一次公路探险让作者终生难忘一一每当生活中遇到困难 时，它总会提醒作者，爸爸总是在身边，给作者战胜困难的希望和勇气。41题详解】考查动词词义
48、辨析。句意：其中一个是废弃了几十年的收费高速公路。A. locked锁住；B. abandoned遗弃、 废弃；C.destroyed破坏；D. designed设计。根据空后的“My dad loves history”可知，因为爸爸喜欢历史， 我们才去探险，因此这条收费公路应该是废弃了几十年，故选B。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸喜欢历史，他了解到这条公路是对公众开放的，因此，在我14岁时，爸 爸带我骑自行车去探索这条公路。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. However 然而。根据句意可知，上文的 uMy dad loves history,