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1、北京市西城区三年(2020 2022)中考英语模拟卷分题型分层汇编-03阅读理解一、阅读单选（2022北京西城统考二模）Humans are hurting the planet and destroying theenvironment.Change needs to happen at every level of society.We are holding Call to EarthDay to ask you to do something good to protect the environment.What is Call to Earth Day?Call to Earth
2、Day is a movement that stresses environmental protection.Across TV andour website,there are stories about our amazing planet and the people who are protecting it.How can I be involved?Everyone is invited.We can all play a role in creating a movement for good.You have todo something to protect the en
3、vironment.We are asking you to think big,get creative,andmake your event influential.What kind of event can I hold?The event you choose to hold is up to you,but it should focus on creating a healthierEncourage kids to create works of art based on their local environment.wHow To./9 sessionsHold works
4、hops or lessons on everyday skills like recycling and reducing food waste.Visit our website for more information:1.What is Call to Earth Day?A.A movement.B.A festival.C.A TV program.D.An organization.2.Why is Call to Earth Day held?A.To teach children to become creative.B.To ask people to protect th
5、e environment.C.To encourage others to work for the community.D.To tell the public the importance ofsocial events.3.In the event“Art projects”,you can.A.watch and share beautiful videos B.teach everyday skills like recyclingC.encourage kids to create works of art D.help remove litter from your homet
6、own（2022北京西城统考二模）The worlds leading researchers are studying our senses.From the connection betweentaste and smell,to the idea of scent（气味）training,theres so much more than we think toour sense of smell.Your sense of smell is largely responsible for your ability to taste food.t4Flavor（味道）is really a
7、n experience that joins what happens on your tongue with smell,“says a professorat the University of York,UK.When you put something in your mouth,the molecules（分子）go into your nose.Maybe your tongue can tell theres fat in that chocolate,and thafssomething the brain finds very satisfying,but the form
8、al chocolate experience comes from allthe molecules going into your nose.Women out-perform men when both groups are asked to tell a certain number ofscentsThat holds true across all age groups.This is because women are better at noticing asmell and better at describing it with language.Research show
9、s that when people were askedto memorize eight scents and were then given a scent test,the women were better able to tellwhether or not a scent was one of the ones that had been memorized.Women were also betterat recognizing the scents by name.Your eating habits may change because of the loss of sme
10、ll“You think,41 remember how this tasted in the past.I guess they dont have the sametasty tomatoes or meat any more,says a researcher.4 4But in fact,its your sense of smell thatmay be working less.Losing the sense of smell is likely age-related or caused by a cold.The loss of smell may even change p
11、eoples eating habits.Some people will lose interestin eating or dont want to eat with their friends.Others will start eating lots of junk food,spices,salt,to try to make eating more enjoyable.Scent training might protect our sense of smellThe loss of smell is not the end of the world.Some research s
12、uggests that scent trainingmight protect our sense of smell.By breathing in strong smells on purpose for several weeks,people become more sensitive（敏感的）to all scents and improve their ability to smell.Researchers found the MRI brain images of people undergoing scent training got thicker inthe parts
13、of the brain responsible for dealing with the role of scent,which means its not just anose that is trained,its the whole brain.4.What is responsible for flavor when you eat something?A.The teeth and brain.B.The nose and tongue.C.The brain and nose.D.The tongue and teeth.5.What can we know about the
14、sense of smell from the passage?A.Scent training can help men smell more things.B.Women are more creative about naming scents.C.Women are better than men at recognizing scents.D.Brain training can improve mens ability to smell.6.Which would be the best title for this passage?A.What you smell may not
15、 be real B.Unlock facts about the sense of smellC.How to develop a good sense of taste D.More than you think to the sense of taste（2022北京西城 统考二模）The perfect birthday presentToby watched the advertisement for the new Super Robot man.It was half man,halfmachine and could transform into an airplane,a b
16、oat,and a racecar.“Dad!Look!Toby pointed to the television screen.Thats what I want for my birthday.Can I get one?Please!”WeH see.Dad said.4 4Your birthday is only two weeks away.New toys like this can behard to find sometimes.”“Hard to find?But ifs on TV.”Dad laughed,Thats what will make it difficu
17、lt to find.Everyone will be looking to buyit.”“Everyone?”Toby thought.Well then,hed tell everyone that he wanted a Super Robotman.Someone would be able to find it then,right?Before bed,Toby called his grandparents and told them all about the Super Robot man.Then he added a note at the bottom of each
18、 party invitation so that all his friends would knowhe wanted a Super Robot man.For two weeks,all he talked about was the Super Robot man and all the cool things itcould do.His friends and family nodded and smiled as Toby went on and on about how it wasthe perfect birthday present.The big day finall
19、y came.Toby got a lot of presents.He opened the first present.t4ASuper Robot man!”Toby was excited,but everyone else looked worried.Whats wrong?heasked.Dad handed him a box.I think you should open another present.Toby opened it.Another Super Robot man?”His father handed him more boxes.Each one had a
20、 Super Robot man.Toby laughed.guess I got what I asked for.He handed an action figure to each of his friends.Now we allhave one.Lefs go try them out.“Youre not upset?”Mom asked.“Why would I be?I got what I wanted,and now all my friends have one too.It was theperfect birthday.7.What present did Toby
21、want for his birthday?A.Aracecar.B.An airplane.C.A boat.D.A Super Robotman.8.What did Toby do to get his dream birthday present?A.He called his friends to tell them what he wanted.B.He kept talking about it with his family and friends.C.He told his grandparents what he wanted in the invitation.D.He
22、wrote a note to tell his mother what he wanted for his birthday.9.How did Toby feel after he opened all the presents?A.Worried.B.Upset.C.Peaceful.D.Happy.（2022北京西城 统考二模）Its certainly good to be nice.Whether its helping a friendwith homework,watching their favorite shows even if theyre not your thing
23、 or giving up alittle time and energy to do something for a friend is a praiseworthy decision.Or,one mightbe the bigger person and agree to lake the shorl end of the slick in an argument,all to satisfyothers and avoid further problems.Still,we need to control our niceness:niceness is valuable,but it
24、s definitely not without downsides.To be clear.Tm not advocating（倡导）for selfishness.In fact,Td encourage everyone todo small favors for the people they care about.Helping others makes us happy.It also givesus a greater sense of purpose and belonging,as we feel more connected to those we do favorsfor
25、.The same goes for sacrificing（牺牲）a little on our part to end a disagreement,whichmight feel uncomfortable in the short term,but is in the end for the greater good.Yet,we need to be careful about where our niceness comes from.When our desire（渴望）to help others comes from a need to be seen as a good o
26、r friendly person,our motivations（动机）become increasingly dangerous.For example,we might want others to relate to us,so we say that we like their favorite songs when we dont.Being agreeable all the time makesus become a product of the people around us instead of having our own special personality.Add
27、itionally,avoiding unreasonable agreeability is even more important.We cant helpoffering to do too many favors because our desire to be seen as selfless and kind outweighsour worries for our own well-being.If you always support others emotionally,or help themwith their studies,that habit might becom
28、e part of how you view yourself.In other words,you see yourself as someone willing to lend a hand to others when they are in need.Agreeability crosses the experiences of all kinds of people,and it can be especially truewithin communities where selflessness is important.From my experience at Harvey M
29、uddCollege,students are known for caring for others-offering to help their classmates with theirstudies.This common view of peoples willingness to help can put stress on Mudders tosacrifice their energy,even if they dont have the skills to do so.Instead,they should remindthemselves of their responsi
30、bilities,and then decide if they have the ability to lend a hand.Finally,making kindness a habit is an honorable goal.But as with all things,moderation（适度）is key,and sometimes,sacrificing a little too much can cause more harm than good.10.What does the underlined part take the short end of the stick
31、 in Paragraph 1 probablymean?A.Say sorry first.B.Hit the other person.C.Suffer bad results.D.Make up formistakes.11.Unreasonable agreeability may stop us f r om.A.viewing ourselves properly B.having a sense of belongingC.developing social relationships D.caring about our own happiness12.Why is Harve
32、y Mudd College,mentioned in the passage?A.To spread the spirit of selflessness within communities.B.To show an effect of widespread niceness in communities.C.To criticize the students who sacrifice too much for others.D.To explain responsibilities people should take within communities.13.The writer
33、probably agrees t hat.A.being nice can make people easily understood by othersB.being selfless helps people improve their social skillsC.people should think twice before saying yes”D.people who help others are more popular（2022北京西城 统考一模）Some people are worried that wearing masks will have a bad effe
34、ct on childrens abilityto learn language and socialize.Even parents often worry about how a school year withoutsmiles might negatively（消极地）influence their children.These worries are understandable,but according to Dr.Danovitch,a researchpsychologist,who studies the cognitive（认知的）and social developme
35、nt of children,wearinga mask at school could improve certain social and cognitive skills,helping to strengthenabilities like self-control and attention.Take language learning as an example.Ifs true thatmasks cover our mouths and that seeing mouth shape and movement helps babies learnlanguage.But lea
36、rning how to communicate involves a lot more than mouths.Looking ateyes is at least as important as looking at mouths to understand the people you are looking atand what they are trying to express.Children also make use of other signs to figure out whatnew words mean and what other people are thinki
37、ng.A classroom full of people wearingmasks is a great chance for children to practice paying attention to those signs,such as aclassmates tone of voice or a teachers body language.Wearing a mask can also help teach children to pay more attention to their own bodiesand physical behaviors.Keeping a ma
38、sk on over the course of a school day involves the kindof self-control that many children find challenging.Needless to say,children will not alwaysbe perfect at keeping their masks on,but they have to be mindful of when their masks areslipping down or when it is OK to take them off.The research on s
39、elf-control suggests thatchildren who master the skills needed to keep their masks on will grow up to be better atachieving their long-term goals.Perhaps most importantly,wearing masks during a pandemic（流行病）is a chance forchildren to practice caring for their community.A recent study shows that chil
40、dren understandthe spread of illness better than ever.Wearing a mask gives young children the ability to dosomething to help protect other people.For older children,mask-wearing is a way to teachthem about duty and sacrificed西 牲）.They believe that it feels good to make sacrifices forpeople in need.S
41、tressing that the discomfort and inconvenience of mask-wearing are forms ofcaring and public service might encourage children to address other social problems in theirlives.In fact,how children feel about wearing masks at school,and how much they benefitfrom wearing them,are going to depend on how t
42、he parents,teachers and caregivers aroundthem present the topic.Masks are hopefully not here to stay,but while they are still necessary,we should make the most of them.14.What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 2?A.A teacher uses body language to teach what new words mean.B.Wearing masks gives chi
43、ldren a chance to practice paying attention.C.Dr.Danovitch helps children with their cognitive and social development.D.Looking at the mouth matters more than looking at the eyes when people talk.15.What can we learn from the passage?A.It is unknown if mask-wearing helps children improve social skil
44、ls.B.Children believe that the discomfort of mask-wearing is acceptable.C.Peoples thoughts and emotions are hidden when they are wearing masks.D.Children who know when to keep their masks on will probably be successful.16.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.How to Help C
45、hildren Develop SkillsB.How to Be Perfect at Keeping Masks OnC.Wearing Masks Can Help Children LearnD.Wearing Masks Can Solve Social Problems（2022北京西城统考一模）It was Saturday and Juan was going to his friends housefor the day.He was so excited.He thought it would be fun to bring some video games to play
46、with his friend,Tom.Tom lived on the other side of the town and did not own any video games.He didntreally ever play them,but he didnt want to tell Juan.He was afraid Juan would tell the otherkids at school.When Juan arrived and suggested playing video games,Tom looked a bituncomfortable.“I thought
47、we could go outside and play tag or hide-and-seek,said Tom.“I dont usually play such kind of games,“said Juan.“Well,we dont have a television or a computer because my parents dont have muchmoney,and we cant afford those extra things,so I usually play old-fashioned games,like tagor hide-and-seek,or d
48、odgeball.Would you please not tell anyone at school that we are poor?”asked Tom.“You shouldnt worry about what other people think/Juan told Tom.Tm sure thegames you play are just as fun as video games.The two boys went outside and began playing hide-and-seek.Toms parents had a bigbackyard with many
49、cool places to hide.Juan and Tom played for over an hour!After lunch,they played tag.Juan had so much fun.4i should play these games more often,he said toTom.Three oclock came and Juans mom was there to pick him up.On their way back home,Juan told his mom about not having a television or a computer
50、at Toms home.He also toldher that he learned to play some great games.“Sweetie,there are plenty of ways to have fun without video games.When I wasgrowing up,we played hopscotch,Juans mom said.“Whats hopscotch?asked Juan.“Ill show you when we get home.You will like it.When they got home,Juans momshow