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1、英语四级阅读理解模拟试题What is it about Americans and food?We love to eat,but wefeel 1 about it afterward.We say we want only the best,but westrangely enjoy junk food.Were 2 with health and weight lossbut face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity（月 巴 胖）.Perhapsthe 3 to this ambivalence（矛盾情结）lies in our history
2、.The firstEuropeans came to this continent searching for new spices butwent in vain.The first cash crop（经济作物）wasnt eaten butsmoked.Then there was Prohibition,intended to prohibitdrinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience,too,has been one ofinharmony.Do as Roma
3、ns do means eating what realAmericans eat,but our nations food has come to be 5 byimportspizza,say,or hot dogs.And some of the countrysmost treasured cooking comes from people who arrived herein shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food hasbeen a medium for the nations defining s
4、truggles,whether atthe Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters.It is integral to our concepts of health and even moralitywhether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons orevades meat for political 6.But strong opinions have not brought 7.Americans areambivalent about what
5、they put in their mouths.We havebecome 8 of our foods,especially as we learn more aboutwhat they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the Americanconsciousness.Its no coincidence,then,that the firstThanksgiving holds the American imagination in suchbondage（束缚）.Its what we eatand how we 10 it
6、 with friends,family,and strangersthat help define America as acommunity today.A.answer I.creativeB.result J.beliefC.share K.suspiciousD.guilty L.certaintyE.constant M.obsessedF.defined N.identifyG.vanish O.idealsH.adapted答案及解析1.D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以 及 后 面 介 词about,可 以 确 定 选 项 为D项gui
7、lty,短 语feel guilty about sth.对 感到有愧。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。2.M be obsessed w ith为固定搭配，原意为 被.附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。3.A本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词t。的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.4.I本 句 根 据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可 以 确 定I为正确选项。5.F本题较难。根 据b e
8、和b y确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通 过b u t转 折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨利热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因 此可以确定F为正确选项。6.B政治结果，可 根 据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。7.L 由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做 bring的宾语。根据下文解释,“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L 为正确选项。8.K 系动词become后应填入一个形容词，利后面介词o
9、f形成短语be/become suspicious of 对.感到怀疑”。9.J 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in 的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief,(have)belief in sth.相信.”。10.C 本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和M th 搭配，确定选项为share,share sth.with sb.,与某人分享某事”。2010年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题分析2Baekeland and Hartmann report that the l,short sleepers hadbeen more or less average in their sleep need
10、s until the menwere in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the menvoluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time becauseof pressures from school,work,and other activities.Thesemen tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousnessas bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In
11、 general,these short sleeps appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices.They often heldseveral jobs at once,or workers full-or part-time while going toschool.And many of them had a strong urge to appearnormal or acceptable to
12、 their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams,the short sleepersdid poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer notremembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing withpsychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the tr
13、ouble would goaway.The sleep patterns of the short sleepers were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mentalpatients categorized as manic（疯人）.The“long sleepers were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men hadbeen lengthy sleeps since childho
14、od.They seemed to enjoytheir sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when theywere occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightlybed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better thandid the short sleepers.Many of the long sleepers were shy,anxious,introverted(内向)，inhibited(压抑)，
15、passive,mildly depressed,and unsureof themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openlystates that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.1.According to the r e p o r t,.A)many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB)many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightlysleep ti
16、me because they are busy with their workC)long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during thedayD)many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habitformed during their childhood2.Many short sleepers are likely to hold the view thatA)sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB)sleep interferes with thei
17、r sound judgementC)sleep is the least expensive item on their routineprogramD)sleep is the best way to deal with psychologicaltroubles3.It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepersA)are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of lifeB)often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleepC)
18、do not know how to relax properlyD)are more unlikely to run into mental problems4.When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep,the long sleepers mi g h t.A)appear disturbedB)become energeticC)feel dissatisfiedD)be extremely depressed5.Which of the following is Not included in the passage?A)If one
19、 sleeps inadequately,his performance suffers andhis memory is weakenedB)The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly thesane as those shown by many mental patientsC)Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towardssleepD)Short sleepers would be better off with more rest答案：DCBAB贝克尔和哈特曼报道说
20、,“睡眠少的人”在未进入少年期之前,其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了 15岁左右,由于学校、工作或其它活动的地压力，他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点：夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。总的说来，这些“睡眠少的人”表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作，或者一边上学读书，一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得“正常”或“合群”。当让他们回忆梦境时，“睡眠少的人”回忆不起什么来。更有甚者，他们似乎情愿什么都记不住。类似的情况是他们通常处理心理问题
21、的方式：不承认问题的存在，希望只要忙忙碌碌，麻烦总会过去的。“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不过没有那么严重而已。“睡眠多的人”情形则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小的，有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。他们好像注重睡眠,不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所需的9个小时夜间卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比“睡眠少的人”要更能回忆得起梦的内容。许多“睡眠多的人”腼腆、焦躁、内向、压抑、消极和稍微有点儿沮丧，尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好儿个人坦言，睡眠是摆脱每天烦恼的一种方式。2010年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题分析3Upon reaching an appropr
22、iate age(usually between 18 and 21years),children are encouraged,but not forced,to leave thenest and begin an independent life.After children leave homethey often find social relationship and financial support outsidethe family.Parents do not arrange marriages for their children,nor do children usua
23、lly ask permission of their parents to getmarried,Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage inthe United States;young adults meet their future spouses(配偶)through other friends,at jobs,and in organizations andreligious institutions,Although children choose their ownspouses,they still hope th
24、eir parents will approve of theirchoices.In many families,parents feel that children should makemajor life decisions by themselves.A parent may try toinfluence a child to follow a particular profession but the child isfree to choose another career.Sometimes children doprecisely the opposite of what
25、their parents wish in order toassert their independence.A son may deliberately decide notto go into his fathers business because of a fear that he willlose his autonomy in his fathers workplace.Thisindependence from parents is not an indication that parentsand children do not love each other.Strong
26、love betweenparents and children is universal and this is no exception in theAmerican family Coexisting with such love in the Americanfamily are cultural values of self-reliance and independence.1.The writer discusses the marriage of young adults inorder to show which of the following?A)They enjoy t
27、he freedom of choosing their spouses.B)They want to win the permission of their parents.C)They have a strong desire to become independent.D)They want to challenge the authority of their parents.2.Most young adults in the U.S.get married for the sakeof.A)loveB)financial concernC)their parentsD)family
28、 background3.Based on the passage,it can be assumed t hat.A)American young adults are likely to follow the suit oftheir parentsB)most American people never make major decisions fortheir childrenC)American young adults possess cultural values ofindependenceD)once a young person steps into his twentie
29、s,he willleave his home permanently4.A son is unwilling to work in his fathers business mainlyb e c a u s e.A)he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt inschoolB)he wants to prove his independenceC)he wishes to do the opposite of what his parentsapprove ofD)he wants to show his love for his p
30、arents5.The subject matter of this selection is.A)family valuesB)marriage arrangementsC)the pursuit of a careerD)decision making答案：CACBA子女一旦到适当年龄(通常是18至21岁)，要鼓励而不是强迫他们“离开窝的，财政的巢”，开始独立生活。小孩离开家后，往往在外能够与人交往，并自谋出路。父母不为子女安排婚姻，子女结婚也通常无需获得父母同意。在美国，浪漫的爱情往往是婚姻的基础，青年人通过朋友在学校、单位、组织以及宗教团体认识自己的，爱情的未来的伴侣。尽管子女自己择偶
31、，他们仍然希望父母能认同他们的选择。许多家庭的父母认为，应由子女自己来做他们生活中的重大决定。家长可能会设法影响子女去从事某职业，但子女也有选择其它职业的自由。有时为了证实自己的独立性，子女从事的工作正好与父母希望的相反。儿子可能执意不去父亲的企业工作，因为担心在那里就不能独立自主。这种不依靠父母的独立性并不意味着父母与子女之间缺乏爱心。父母和子女之间普遍都有挚爱，美国家庭也毫不例外。只不过在美国家庭之中，还融合了自主、独立的文化价值观念。2010年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题分析4Now let us look at how we read.When we read a printed text
32、,our eyes move across a page in short,jerky movement.Werecognize words usually when our eyes are still when theyfixate.Each time they fixate,we see a group of words.This isknown as the recognition span or the visual span.The lengthof time ofr which the eyes stop the duration of the fixation-varies c
33、onsiderably from person to person.It also vaieswithin any one person according to his purpose in reading andhis familiarity with the text.Furthermore,it can be affected bysuch factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately,in the past,many reading improvementcourses have concentrated too much on ho
34、w our eyes moveacross the printed page.As a result of this misleadingemphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading,numerousexercises have been devised to train the eyes to see morewords at one fixation.For instance,in some exercises,wordsare flashed on to a screen for,say,a tenth or a twentieth o
35、f asecond.One of the exercises has required students to fix theireyes on some central point,taking in the words on either side.Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape ofrather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and morewords at each successive fixation.All these exercises are v
36、eryclever,but its one thing to improve a persons ability to seewords and quite another thing to improve his ability to read atext efficiently.Reading requires the ability to understand therelationship between words.Consequently,for these reasons,many experts have now begun to question the usefulness
37、 ofeye training,especially since any approach which trains aperson to read isolated words and phrases would seemunlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.Q:1.The time of the recognition span can be affected by thefollowing facts except.A.ones familiarity with the textB.ones purpose in readin
38、gC.the length of a group of wordsD.lighting and tiredness2.The author may believe that r e a d i n g.A.requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB.requires a reader to see words more quicklyC.demands an deeply-participating mindD.demands more mind than eyes3 What does the author mean b
39、y saying but its one thingto improve a persons ability to see words and quite anotherthing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.in thesecond parapraph?A.The ability to see words is not needed when an efficientreading is conducted.B.The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improvebot
40、h the ability to see and to comprehend words.C.The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improvean efficient reading.D.The reading exercises mentioned has done a great jobto improve ones ability to see words.4.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The visual span is a word or a group of words we s
41、eeeach time.B.Many experts began to question the efficiency of eyetraining.C.The emphasis on the purely visual aspects ismisleading.D.The eye training will help readers in reading acontinuous text.5.The tune of the author in writing this article isA criticalB neutralC prssimisticD optimistic答案：CCCDA
42、解题思路1 C o事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。c“组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。2 C o观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项C“阅读需要大脑的深度参与”正确。作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅，加快阅读速度。所以AB两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重要性进行对比，所以不选D3 C o作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句
43、中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意思应该是那些（训练眼睛的）阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。B与文章相反。D句是蕴涵其中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。4D0第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所 以D是错的，是本题答案。5 A o参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是A。2010年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题分析5Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done,butthat it is a thief of t
44、ime when it leaves us no leisure to enjoyourselves,and that it strains our nerves when we try to getthings done perfectly.In building bridges,American engineerscalculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends cometogether within one-tenth of an inch.But when two Chinesebegin to dig a tunnel f
45、rom both sides of a mountain both comeout on the other side.-The Chineses firm belief is that itdoesnt matter so long as a tunnel is dug through,and if wehave two instead of one,why,we have a double track to boot.The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind ofglorious and magnificent idling.
46、But,worse than that,itimposes upon us a different conception of time as measuredby the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clockhimself.(This sort of thing is bound to come to China,as isevident,for instance,in the case of a factory of twentythousand worker.The luxurious prospect of tw
47、enty thousandworkers coming in at their own sweet pleasure at all hours is,of course,somewhat terrifying.)Nevertheless,such efficiencyis what makes life so hard and full of excitement.A man whohas to be punctually at a certain place at five oclock has thewhole afternoon from one to five ruined for h
48、im already.EveryAmerican adult is arranging his time on the pattern of theschoolboy-three oclock for this,five oclock for that,six-thirtyfor change of dress,six-fifty for entering the taxi,and sevenoclock for arriving at the destination.It just makes life notworth living.1.The writer objects to effi
49、ciency mainly on the groundsthat it.A)entitles us to too much leisure timeB)urges us to get things done punctuallyC)deprives us of leisure timeD)imposes on us a perfect concept of time2.In the eyes of the author,the introduction of industriallife gives rise to.A)the excitement of lifeB)magnificent i
50、dling of timeC)more emphasis on efficiencyD)terrifying schoolboy3.The passage tells us.A)Chinese workers come to work when it is convenientB)all Americans are forced to be efficient against their willC)Chinese engineers are on better terms with themanagementD)Americans ought not to work so hard for