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1、【生态环保、自然灾害类】话题阅读练习（阅读理解10篇）Passage 1Earth is in the middle of an insect crisis, with thousands of species declining over the past several decades. Scientists have often blamed this on habitat loss or pesticide （杀虫齐Ll） use. But a new study of butterflies in the western United States has found that wa
2、rmer fall weather may be an equal, if not more, of a factor.Over the past four decades, more than 450 butterfly species have declined at an average rate of nearly 2 percent a year, according to a study published in Science. Its already known that the western monarch butterfly has plummeted in popula
3、tion by 99.9 percent and was recently denied protection by Endangered Species Act in the U. S. But the study revealed lesser-known species, like the BoisduvaKs blue and Californias state insect, the California dogface butterfly, are heading toward extinction.The influence of climate change is drivin
4、g those declines, which makes sense because theyre so widespread, says study leader Mathew Forister. To reach their troubling findings, the researchers combined databases of the butterfly count conducted by scientists and amateur insect enthusiasts at 72 locations in the western U. S. To focus on th
5、e contribution of climate change, the researchers made sure to include locations that were relatively undisturbed by agriculture and human development to limit the influence of other threats to butterflies such as habitat loss and pesticides.More than 200 cities across the U.S. are experiencing warm
6、er fall seasons. In Arizona, for instance, fall temperatures have risen by 0. 2 degree Fahrenheit every decade since 1895. As for why warming falls are so harmful, it may be connected to butterflies hibernation-like diapause （滞育）in the fall. Warmer temperatures could be forcing the insects, most of
7、which live around a year, to stay awake longer and starve. In other words, theyre getting old and fragile and dying sooner.Given that butterflies are key pollinators （传花粉者）,such declines predict bigger problems for plants and even whole ecosystems. Forister adds, The climate effects will almost cert
8、ainly affect many other insects; including bees. And these effects will damage efforts to protect Adelie penguin - a species that lives exclusively on the Antarctic peninsula. Stracke said, It is quite unusual since they are known only living in the Antarctic area. Fortunately, apart from being a bi
9、t starving and severely dehydrated, it was actually not too bad, so we gave it some fluids and some fish smoothies.It is only the third recorded incident of an Adelie penguin being found on New Zealands coast - the previous recorded incidents were in 1962 and 1993 and although sites remain incredibl
10、y rare, if they become more common it could be a worrying sign, say experts.I think if we started getting annual arrivals of Adelie penguins, wed go actually. Somethings changed in the ocean that we need to understand, zoology professor Philip Seddon in the University of Otago told The Guardian. Mor
11、e studies will give us more understanding about where penguins go, what they do, what the population trends are like - theyre going to tell us something about the health of that ocean ecosystem in general.Pingu has now been released into a bay on the Banks Peninsula, and it is hoped that it may be a
12、ble to make the journey home.1. What happened to Pingu?A. It was hunted by local people.B. It lost its food and looked upset.C. It was finding a new natural habitat.D. It landed New Zealand by accident.2. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?A. Introduce a new topic to discuss.B. List nu
13、mbers to prove an opinion.C. Add some background information.D. Summarize the previous paragraphs.3. What can be inferred from Philips words?A. The number of penguins is on the decrease.B. The health of the ocean ecosystem should be concerned.C. More studies about penguins have been undertaken.D. Ad
14、elie penguins have built habitats in New Zealand.4. What can be the best title of the text?10A. The Unexpected Arrival of a Rare PenguinB. The Dangerous Situation of Adelie PenguinsC. An Amazing Discovery by a Local ResidentD. Magical Travel to New ZealandPassage 8Students at Huonville High School i
15、n Australia are riding bikes out of desire to fight climate change, carrying out a dizzyingly-thorough transformation of their school building into an energy-efficient inspiration.Its paying off big time, as theyve helped save $ 44,000 in utility bills since they started their energy- saving project
16、, but its also inspiring young people in the community. Recently the school won the Zayed FutureEnergy Prize of $ 133,000, some of which was used to turn a building into the Zayed Future Energy Hub, a clubhouse where 13 volunteers learn and teach about how renewable energy can be applied to our ever
17、yday lives.Among all the efficiency adjustments, they set up solar panels on the roof, and replaced the old windows with double and triple glazed ones. They added approved insulation（隔热）and energy-efficient curtains. They even have stationary bikes that create electricity to cook doughnuts.The class
18、room was cold in the mornings, but the students wanted zero carbon emission through their heating. So they went out and got a pellet stove, and then if that wasnt enough, they went out and built a pellet mill （颗粒机）to make their fuel from waste sawdust.Powering one small building on a high school cam
19、pus or cooking doughnuts in renewable fat fryers is nice, but will do little on their own to slow global climate change. However, the Hub is much more about the big picture. Nel Smit, the volunteer teacher - head of the Hub, knows their biggest contribution is exciting the minds of the next generati
20、on.This little school in the Huon Valley is actually doing amazing things, Smit said. Its raised public awareness of renewable energy, energy efficiency, and opportunities in the community for engaging people in that sort of technology.1. Whats special about Huonville High School?A. It attaches impo
21、rtance to riding bikes.B. It promotes the idea of energy saving.11C. It encourages students to be creative.D. It is powered entirely by solar energy.2. What can be learned about Zayed Future Energy Hub?A. It is a club center for volunteers.B. It is the place to produce energy.C. It is built at the c
22、ost of $ 133,000.D. It is used to hold learning activities.3. Why did students make fuel from waste sawdust?A. To save the electricity bill.B. To keep low carbon emissions.C. To get rid of waste sawdust.D. To test the pellet stove.4. What is the greatest contribution of the project according to Smit
23、?A. Saving a lot of energy.B. Creating more great minds.C. Educating the next generation.D. Slowing global climate change.Passage 9City parks have long been a place for urban residents to get a small amount of green. As cities increasingly feel the impacts of rising seas and temperatures, people are
24、 rethinking the roles of urban parks.All of the dark-gray asphalt （沥青） in cities collect heat. Dallas is one of the countrys fastest-warming cities thanks in part to its extensive impervious （不透水的）surfaces, but with a new $ 312 million bond package, the city is hoping to change that. Using satellite
25、 data, the city is able to see what neighborhoods most need the cooling effect of green space.Cities are increasingly flooding and city planners think parks can help with this issue too. A report published in February by The Nature Conservancy looked at the best ways to deal with flooding in Houston
26、, a city with many neighborhoods built on floodplains and regularly flooded by rising waters. Offering affected homeowners buyouts and transforming homes into green space would save more money than installing infrastructure （基石出设施）like pipes, they found.12Brendan Shane, a climate program director, s
27、ays parks can create opportunities for people to exercise and play, in addition to cooling neighborhoods and absorbing floodwater. The stronger the bonds are between neighbors, the better they are able to react to a shock, he says.Not a single solution by itself w川 avoid the climate crisis. We see p
28、arks as an important part of it, but there is no silver bullet/ says Diane Regas, CEO of The Trust for Public Land. Parks are an example of what we in the environmental community need to do to reach solutions that address climate change and make peoples lives better at the same time.1. What does the
29、 city Dallas want to deal with?A. The lack of green space. B. The way of collecting heat.C. The effect of rising seas. D. The bond between neighborhoods.2. What can be inferred from the report by The NatureConservancy?A. Cities in the world are frequently flooded.B. City parks may help prevent city
30、flooding.C. Cities neednt invest much money in infrastructure.D. City parks affect peoples choice of a neighborhood.3. What does Brendan Shane say about parks?A. They can enable people to get over a shock.B. They can reduce air pollution effectively.C. They can perform positive social functions.D. T
31、hey can help people to keep a cool head.4. What does the underlined phrase silver bullet inparagraph 5 mean?A. A fast and effective solution.B. A successful example.C. An immediate and clear cause.D. An impractical method.Passage 10Fashion designers are always looking for new materials to work with.
32、 Lately, its all about environment-friendlymaterials recycled tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you wantsuch a pair of shoes? Thaely is here to help.This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution. Led by 23-year-old Indian businessman Ashay Bha
33、ve, they may have found a winning approach:13 making shoes out of plastic grocery bags. Thaely means* plastic bag in the Hindi language.I was looking to create footwear that is cost-effective and safe for the environment, Bhave said in an interview with a newspaper. I needed to come up with somethin
34、g that uses recycled plastic without creating any more plastic waste. Plastic bags were the perfect solution. He said five trillion plastic bags are used around the world each year. I was motivated to find a solution to this problem, Bhave said.That solution was the fiber called ThaelyTex. Made enti
35、rely from plastic bags, the material looks and feels like leather. That sounds promising. Better yet, the production process requires no additional chemicals and produces no poisonous by-products. The result is a smart-looking pair of white low-top sneakers.Bhave wouldnt expose the full process for
36、making ThaelyTex, but he said that each pair of shoes was made from up to 15 plastic bags and 22 plastic bottles. Where do they get the materials? Bhave told Elle that was the hardest part. The biggest challenge we faced was right at the first step of acquiring the plastic bags.Finally, they got hel
37、p from TrioTap Technologies, a waste management plant. Bhave said they offered to collect the bags and also process them into ThaelyTex.So far, it seems like things are falling into place. There are already hundreds of pre-orders in place. It sounds like they have some plans for the future. We have
38、a few more colors coming up, said Bhave. They also plan to put out a high-top model and bring in a line of clothing. Lets hope their growth is also friendly to the environment.1. Why did Bhave choose to make shoes out of plastic bags?A. To set a new footwear trend.B. To test new materials for footwe
39、ar.C. To reduce the use of plastic bags in his home country.D. To use recycled plastic in an environment-friendly way.2. What was the most difficult task for Bhave?A. Having a few more colors for Thaely.B. Processing plastic bags into ThaelyTex.C. Collecting enough production materials.D. Dealing wi
40、th many poisonous by-products.143. The underlined part put out in the last paragraph probably meansA. produceB. designC. provideD. broadcast4. What can be the best title for this passage?A. Bhave: a promising young manB. Thaely: the killer of waste plastic bagsC. ThaelyTex: the material out of plast
41、ic bagsD. TrioTap Technologies: a waste management plant15and restore butterfly habitat.l.What does the underlined word plummeted mean in Paragraph 2?A. Recovered slowly.B. Decreased sharply.C. Escaped suddenly.D. Evolved rapidly.2. What did the researchers do in Paragraph 3?A. They ruled out the ef
42、fects of human activities.B. They tried to protect the habitat of butterflies.C. They refused to use amateurs science data.D. They identified other threats to butterflies.3. How do warming falls affect butterflies?A. They affect butterflies natural life cycle.B. They slow down butterflies aging proc
43、ess.C. They cause butterflies to lose more habitats.D. They force butterflies to compete for survival.4. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To discuss the importance of butterfly species.B. To suggest a way to fight against climate change.C. To introduce new methods of studying butterflies.D. T
44、o present a new factor in a species population decline.Passage 2After decades of work trying to save the giant panda, Chinese officials have announced that the species is no longer endangered. The pandas have been reclassified in thecountry from endangered to vulnerable（脆弱的）“after efforts to increas
45、e the population. Now the number has risen to more than 1,800 in the wild.“ China has established a relatively complete nature reserve system, Cui Shuhong, director of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said on Wednesday. Large areas of natura
46、l ecosystems have been systematically and completely classification upgrade reflects the pandas improved living conditions and Chinas efforts in keeping their habitats integrated, Cui added.protected, and wildlife habitats havebeen effectively improved.ItThe latestBamboo makes up 90% of pandas diets
47、, and the animals would Hikely starve without the shoots （嫩芽）. Experts believe Chinas efforts to replant bamboo forests have been the key to the increase in the population of pandas.Generally speaking, a panda has to eat at least 26 poundsof bamboo every day to maintain its energy, so large areas of
48、 bamboo forests are important to their survival.Planting bamboo also has advantages for the planet, as the bamboo is grass, not a tree, and is incredibly efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide, as well as emitting （发出）35% more oxygen than trees do.nThe Chinese have done a great job in investing in panda habitats, expanding reserves and setting up new reserves, Ginette Hemley, senior vice president for Species Conservation at World Wildlife Fund, told the media. It is a wonderful example of what can happen when a go