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1、中考英语There be结构专项训练2023年中考英语语法之There be分析存在句:又叫做“There be句型”，是一种表示“存在”的句式。常见结构:“There + be +主语+地点状语（或时间状语）”。存在句的“there” 要弱读。存在句的句型转换：一.肯定陈述句例如：There is a dictionary on the desk.（桌子上有一本字典。）二.否定陈述句例如：There isn t a dictionary on the desk.（桌子上没有字典。）三.一般疑问句例如：Is there a dictionary on the desk?（桌子上有一本字典吗？）
2、四.特殊疑问句例如：How many dictionaries are there on the desk?（桌子上有几本字典？）What s there on the desk?（桌子上有什么？）五.反意疑问句例如：There is a dictionary on the desk, isnt there?（桌子上有一本字典，是吗？）存在句的谓语动词和助动词连用例如：There have been many accidents in the past few weeks.（过去几个星期里发生了几个事故。）存在句的数：在存在句中，只要紧靠“There be”的第一项不是复数，其谓 语动词便可用
3、单数形式。一.单数例如：There was a dictionary, some pictures books and some magazines on the desk.（桌子上有一本字典，几本图画书，还有一本杂志。）二.复数例如：There are two books on the desk.（桌子上有两本书。）There be句型的谓语动词There be句型中，句子的谓语动词是be,应该和后面的主语保持一致。当 句子的主语是可数名词的单数或者是不可数名词的时候，be用is；如果句子的 主语是可数名词的 复数形式，be用are。例如：There is some milk in the
4、bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。There are some apples on the table.桌子上有一些苹果。注意：如果有两个或者两个以上的主语，谓语和与它最近的主语保持一致, 这叫就近原则。例如：There is a bed and two chairs in the bedroom.卧室里有一张床和两把椅子。There be句型的句式变化（1）否定句There be句型的否定句是在连系动词be的后面直接加not。例如：There is not a boy in the room.房子里没有一个男孩。There isn? t any water in the bottle.瓶子里没
5、有一些水。（2） 一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句是把连系动词be提到句子的开头，要大写。它 的肯定回答是:Yes, there is/are.否定回答是:No, there isn t / aren t.例如：Are there any flowers in the garden?花园里有一些花吗？Yes, there are.是的，有一些。（3）特殊疑问句There be句型的特殊疑问句是用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成的，有以 下三种形式：对主语提问时用who或者what；主语是人时用who,是物时用what。其中there在口语中常常省略。例如：There is a bird
6、 in the tree. What s in the tree?树上有什么？There is a little girl in the room. fWho is in the room?谁在房间里？注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形 式（回答时却要根据实际情况来决定）。There are some bikes over there. What s over there?那边有什么？ 对地点状语提问：用“Whereisare+主语？”表示（注意其答语变化）。例如：There is a computer in my office.我的办公室有一台计算机。f Wh
7、ere is the computer?计算机在哪里？ It s in my office.在我办公室。There are four children in the classroom.教室里有四个孩子。f -Where are the four children?四个孩子在哪里？They, re in the classroom.他们在教室。 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式，如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数 还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数+ are there +介词短语？ ；如果 主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much +不可数名词+ is there +介词短语？ 例
8、如：There are twelve months in a year.一年有12个月。f How many months are there in a year?一年有多少个月？There is only one book in my bag.我的包里只有一本书。-How many books are there in your bag?你的包里有几本书？There is a cat in the box.箱子里有一只猫。f How many cats are there in the box?箱子里有多少只猫？There is some money in my purse.我的钱包里有一些
9、钱。- How much money is there in your purse?你的钱包里有多少钱？拓展：There be句型的反意疑问句用“陈述部分+be (not) there?。例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn t there?花园里有一个漂亮的女孩，是吗？There are some books on the table, aren t there?桌子上有些书，是吗？She isn t a student, is she?她不是个学生，对吗？There be句型的各种时态：There be句型的各种时态是由be的变化来
10、体现的，例如：一般现在时中，be是am/is/areoe.g. There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。There are some flowers in the basket.篮子里有些花。一般过去时中，be是was/wereoe.g. There was a bike under the tree just now.刚才树下有一辆自行车。There were some students in the classroom last night.昨天晚上教室里有些学生。一般将来时中，be的前面要加上be going to / will,此时谓语是is
11、/are going to be 或者 will be。e.g. There will be a match in our school tomorrow.=There is going to be a match in our school tomorrow.明天我们学校将要有一场比赛。拓展：There be的中间可以用情态动词表示“可能有或者一定有”的意思。例如：There may be a tiger in the forest.树林里可能有老虎。There must be a boy crying in your room.在你的房间里一定有一个男孩在哭。There be句型中be动词
12、在其它时态中的变化，我们可以在以后的学习中继 续总结。there be句式高频考点训练1. no need for anyone to tell you what to do next - you re old enoughto use your own discretion.A.There is B. They haveC.lt isD.Youneed2. There seems to be something wrong about it,?A. wasnt thereB.isnt itC.doesnt itD.doesnt there3.1 hear that it isfairlyco
13、mmoninAfrica for therea group of expert musicianssurrounded by others who also join in the performancesA.beB. isC.being D.to be4.-What a pity! My new radio doesn t workmust be something wrong with it.-Dont worry.Let me have a look.A.ItB.ThereC.That D. This5. The waiter spilled wine on the carpet but
14、was no harm done.A.this B.itC.that D. there6. Thereno buses, we had to go home on foot.A.are B. wereC.being D. to be7. Once upon a timea poor farmer who had for sons.A. there lived B. there hadC. It hadD. They had8. great changes in our school since last year.A There were B. There had beenC.There wi
15、ll be D.There have been9. .The ret wo apples, one watermelon and some bananas in the basket.A.was B.isC.has D. are10. a knife and fork on the table.A.It is B. They areC.There is D. There are答案与解析1 .A.There is no need for sb. to dosth.为固定句型,意为“对某人来说没有必要做 某事”。句意为“没有必要让人告诉你下一步该做什么，你大了，该自己做出判 断。”2 .D。当陈
16、述部分是there be结构时，附加部分应用there。句意为“好像有点不 大对头，是吗？”又如：There is a book on the table, isnt there?桌子上有一本书，是吗？3 .Do 本题考查 It is +adj.+for there to be.结构。4 .Bo本题考查There be与情态动词连用。句意为“真可惜!我的新收音机不 能用了，一定是出毛病了。”又如：There used to be a hospital here.这里过去是家医院。5 .Dothere is意为“有，no harm done意为“没有人受到伤害,一切平安无事”。句意为“服务员把酒
17、溅在地毯上/旦没有造成损害。”6 .Co本题考查there be在独立主格结构中的用法。There being no buses相当于原 因状语从句Because there were no buses.句意为“没有公交车，我们只能步行回 家。”7 .Aothere可以和某些表示存在的动词如:live、stand、lie、exist等连用，代替there be结构中的be。There be表示客观存在，have表示某人或某物“拥有，具有“， 二者不可连用。句意为“从前有一个穷苦的农夫，他有四个儿子。”8 .D o本题考查there be的不同的时态。根据句中的since last year,可知应用现在完 成式。句意为“去年以来我校发生了很大变化。”9 .DoThere be以须与后面最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。意为“篮子里有两 个苹果， 个西瓜和些香蕉。” There is one watermelon. two apples and some bananas in the basket.10 .Co句意为“桌子上有一副刀叉。 a knife and fork意为“一副刀叉”，谓语动 词用单数。