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1、第十一讲 状语从句状语从句是由从句来充当状语的句子，其在句子中可修饰谓语动词(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或整个句子。它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句引导词例句时间状语从句while(谓语动词必须是延续性动词),when(谓语动词可以是终止性的，也可以是延续性的),as(当的时候，强调“一边一边”)Please keep quiet while/when others arestudying.当别人正在学习时，请保持安静。When I went into the lab,the teacher wasdoing an experiment.(此 处
2、when 不 能 换 成while)As/When/While I was walking down thestreet,I noticed a police car.当我沿着大街散步时，我注意到一辆警车。till/until(直到，主句用延续性动词),not.until/till(直到才，主句用终止性动词)They played volleyball until/till it gotdark.(延续性动词)他们打排球直到天黑才结束。He didnt go to bed until/till his father cameback.(终止性动词)直到他父亲回来他才睡觉。一、状语从句的引导词当
3、我走进实验室时，老师正在做实验。状语从句引导词例句地点状语从句where,whereverMake a mark where you have a question.在你有问题的地方标个记号。Sit wherever you like.坐在你喜欢的地方。条件状语从句(真实/非真实)if(不能用 whether 替换),unless,so/as longas,on condition that,so/as far as,if only(if)If he is not in the office,he must be out forlunch.如果他不在办公室，那一定是出去吃午饭了。You may
4、 borrow the book so long as youkeep it clean.你可以借这本书，只要你让它保持干净。原因状语从句because,since,asHe had to stay at home yesterday becausehe was ill.昨天他必须待在家里，因为他病了。Since everyone is here,now lets begin.既然大家都到齐了，那现在就开始。(续表)状语从句引导词例句结果状语从句so that,so.that,such.thatHe was so excited that he jumped fromthe sofa.他如此激
5、动以至于他从沙发上跳了下来。目的状语从句so,so that,in order that,incase(以防，以免)Speak clearly,so that they mayunderstand you.说清楚些以便他们都能听懂。He left early in case he should miss thetrain.他早早地离开，以防误了火车。让步状语从句although,though,as,evenif/though,however,whatever,whether.or,nomatter who/when/what.Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他还
6、是个孩子，他却知道很多。Whatever(No matter what)you say,Ill never change my mind.不管你说什么，我都不会改变主意。(续表)状语从句引导词例句比较状语从句than,so/as.as,themore.the more.I have made a lot more mistakes than youhave.我犯的错误比你犯的多得多。The busier he is,the happier he feels.越忙他觉得越快乐。方式状语从句as,as if/though,theway,rather than.You must do the exe
7、rcise as I show you.你必须按照我教你的去做练习。He acted as if nothing had happened.从他的举止行为看，似乎什么也没发生过。(续表)二、使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。2在有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致(或虽不一致，但从句的主语为it)，从句的谓语又包含动词 be，就可省略从句中的“主语be”部分。如：If(you are)asked,you may come in.如果你被邀请了，你就可以进来。If(it is)necessary,Ill explain to you again.如果有必要，我会再给你解释一次。