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1、AdverbialClause状语从句状语从句2021/8/11 星期三1状状语语从从句句考查特点考查特点能力要求能力要求用法归纳用法归纳时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句as,whileas,while用法的归纳用法的归纳省略现象省略现象2021/8/11 星期三2一一 状语从句高考的考查特点状语从句高考的考查特点1.1.试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词不同性质的连词;定语从句和名词性从句的干扰定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2.2.题干句的题干句的情景化增强情景
2、化增强,句意理解难度提高句意理解难度提高2021/8/11 星期三3二能力要求：二能力要求：1.1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语 从句中从句中经常使用的连词经常使用的连词2.2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句 的的逻辑关系逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际词完成交际.3.3.能够辨别同类状语从句中能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的近似连词的 用法区别用法区别.2021/8/11 星期三4三状语从句的定义、功能、分类三状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义定义：在复合句中作状语的从句：在复合句中作状语的从句功能
3、功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。从句前一般不用逗号。2021/8/11 星期三5常见考点：常见考点：考点一考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题；、主句与从
4、句的时态呼应问题；考点二考点二、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：、连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while/as/when引导时间状语从句；引导时间状语从句；because/since/as/for引导原因状语从句；引导原因状语从句；if/unless引导条件状语从句；引导条件状语从句；sothat/suchthat引导结果状语从句等）；引导结果状语从句等）；考点三考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换；、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换；考点四考点四、状语从句的倒装结构、状语从句的倒装结构（hardly/scarcelywhen；nosoonerthan等）等）2021/8/11 星期三
5、6时间状语从句时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,assoonas,etc.2.名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,etc.(一一就就);everytime,eachtime,thelasttime,thefirsttime,etc.2021/8/11 星期三73.副词类（由副词充当引导词）：副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately
6、,directly,instantly,etc.(一一.就就.)4.句型类：句型类：nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen,etc.(一一就就)e.g.IwillgiveyouananswerimmediatelyIfinishmywork.e.g.Scarcelyhadhegonewhensheappeared.注意注意:用于句首时应引起用于句首时应引起部分倒装部分倒装,且前部分一般且前部分一般用用过去完成时过去完成时2021/8/11 星期三81(1998上海上海)Ithoughtherniceandhonest_Imether.AfirsttimeB.forth
7、efirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime2Hehurriedoutoftheroom_themeetingwasover.AthemomentB.amomentagoC.afteraminuteD.minuteafter3.Dr.Bethunebegantowork_hearrivedatthefront.A.immediatelyB.bythetimeC.beforeD.atthemoment4.He_tothelabthanhesetouttodotheexperiment.99上海上海AhasnosoonergotBnosoonergotCwill
8、nosoonergetDhadnosoonergot2021/8/11 星期三95Hisfatherbegantowork_hischildhood.A.sinceB.beforeC.asearlyasD.while6-Whatwasthepartylike?-Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since7(2000)Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.
9、before8Therooffell_hehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.A.beforeB.asC.afterD.until9.Scientistssayitmaybefiveortenyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when10It_longbeforewe_theresultoftheexperiment.02上海春招上海春招Awillnotbe;willknowBis;willknowCwillnotbe;knowDis;k
10、now2021/8/11 星期三10v我们来这两年了我们来这两年了v两个月他才能回来。两个月他才能回来。vItis/hasbeentwoyearssincewearrivedhere.vItwillbetwomonthsbeforehecomesback.2021/8/11 星期三11(NMET99)-Imgoingtothepostoffice.-_yourethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If2021/8/11 星期三12_(下课的时候下课的时候),webeganourwriting.Johnsings_（边走）（边走）.
11、_（我们看电视的时候）（我们看电视的时候）,hewaswritingacomposition.注意注意:几种常用几种常用when的句型的句型:bedoingsth.whenbeabouttodosth.whenbeonthepointofdoingsth.whenWhenthelessonwasoverashewalksWhilewewerewatchingTV用用when,as,while完成下列句子完成下列句子2021/8/11 星期三131Whenhe_(come)back,es2Iwilltellhimwhenshe_back.3Iwouldtellhimwhenshe_escame注
12、意时态4-When_youcometoseeme,Dad?-Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou_thetrainingcoursing.A.do;willhavefinishedB.will;willfinishC.do;arefinishingD.will;finish时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用用一般过去时代替过去将来时一般过去时代替过去将来时2021/8/11 星期三14while用法的归纳用法的归纳作并列连词，意为作并列连词，意为“然而，却然而，却”，表对比，表对比Helikesfootballwhilehisbroth
13、erlikesbasketball.2.引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句Whilehewasdoinghishomework,hismothercamein.引导让步状语从句，表引导让步状语从句，表“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”，置于句置于句首首WhileIadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisshortcomings.引导条件状语从句，表引导条件状语从句，表“只要只要”Illdoeverythingforyouwhileyouarehappy.2021/8/11 星期三15地点状语从句地点状语从句v引导词：引导词：where，wherevervIllgowhereverhego
14、es.vIllgowherehewent.v-Canyoutellme_youarefrom?v-Itisnotimportant_Icamefrom.vA.when;wheneverB.where;whereverC.theplace;whereD.wherever;where我要去他去的地方我要去他去的地方.他去哪我就去哪他去哪我就去哪.2021/8/11 星期三16地点状语从句与定语从句的区别地点状语从句与定语从句的区别1.-Wheredoyouplantowork?-Ivemadeupmymindtogo_Immostneeded.A.totheplaceB.towhichC.that
15、D.where2.Iwillgotoacountryforaholiday_therearealotofflowersandtrees.A.intheplaceB.whereC.whichD.wherever辨析辨析:Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.2021/8/11 星期三17 条件状语从句条件状语从句1.引导词引导词:if,unless,aslongas(=solongas只要只要),incase(that)(以防万一以防万一;如果如果),onconditionthat(条件是条件是,在在的条件下的条件下)
16、,ifonly(要是要是.多好多好),onlyif(只是在只是在.的时候的时候),supposing/suppose(假如假如)etc.用用if和和unless填空填空.Youllmissthetrain_youhurryup.Youllmissthetrain_youdonthurryup.Donttouchanything_yourteachertellsyouto.Youcantouchit_yourteachertellsyouto.unlessifunlessif2021/8/11 星期三18Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing,people_shouttobehe
17、ardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.(NMET1992)Aarenotkept;willhavetoBarenotkept;havetoCdonotkeep;willhavetoDdonotkeep;haveto注意：在注意：在if,unless,aslongas等引导的等引导的条件状语条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时2021/8/11 星期三191.JohnmayphonetonightIdontwanttogoout_hephones（NMET2000，春季），春季）AaslongasBinorderthat2.C
18、incaseDsothat3.2Ishouldstayinthehotelallday_thereisnewsofthemissingchild(NMET2000上海春季）上海春季）AincaseBnomatter4.CinanycaseDevensince5.3IdontthinkIllneedanymoneybutIllbringsome_（NMET2000）6.AatlastBincaseConceagainDintime4Icantellyouthetruth_youpromisetokeepasecret.5A.incaseB.onconditionthatC.sothatD.whi
19、le2021/8/11 星期三20让步状语从句让步状语从句由由though,although,as(虽然尽管虽然尽管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatterwh-,whether引导引导._mostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccept.Proud_thenobleis,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldntloseheart_weshouldfailtentimes.Althoughasevenif2021/8/11 星期三21as as引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。引导让步状语从句
20、时从句部分语序要部分倒装。其结构为：其结构为：Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.注意：注意：Childashewas,hehadtosupportthefamily.（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）n./adj./adv./v+as+主语谓语主语谓语2021/8/11 星期三221_,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.(2007重庆重庆)A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.B.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.As
21、strangeitmightsoundD.D.StrangeasitmightsoundE.2._tomorrow,ourshipwillsetsailforMacao.F.(2007上海春上海春)A.HowevertheweatherislikeB.B.HoweveristheweatherlikeC.C.WhateveristheweatherlikeD.D.Whatevertheweatherislike2021/8/11 星期三233._,hetalksalotabouthisfavouritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆重庆)A.Aquietstudentash
22、emaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quietashemaybeastudent4._hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.(2006全国全国1)A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although5._,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(2004上海春上海春)A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.Nomatteramusingthestor
23、yisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing2021/8/11 星期三246._Idontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(2007山东山东)A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.WhileB.7-Dad,Ivefinishedmyassignment.C.-Good,and_youplayorwatchTV,youmustntdisturbme.(2003上海上海)D.WheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatterE.8._,Carolidacouldntgetth
24、edooropen.F.(2005广东广东)G.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryH.C.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry2021/8/11 星期三25原因状语从句原因状语从句1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，引导，不可用不可用as或或since.2.because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而as,since不可以，这时主语一般不可以，这时主语一般都是都是it,this,thatItwas_hewasillthathedidntgowithus.Its_heistoolazy.3.
25、since表示表示“既然既然”，只能放主句前，只能放主句前._wehavenomoney,wecantbuythatvase.because用用because,as,since填空填空becauseSince引导词引导词:because,as,since,nowthat(既然既然),consideringthat(考虑到考虑到,既然既然)etc.2021/8/11 星期三261_youvegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.(NMET99)A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas2.Amancannotsmileli
26、keachild,_achildsmileswithhiseyes,whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.(2006湖南湖南)A.soB.butC.andD.for2021/8/11 星期三27结果状语从句结果状语从句用用so,such填空：填空：Therewere_manypeopleintheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.Hemade_anexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.Sheis_lovelyagirlthateveryoneinherclasslikesher.Hehas_poorfurniture
27、thatotherscannotfindaplacetosit.sosuchsosuch2021/8/11 星期三28注意注意:1.sothat与与suchthat的区别的区别so+adj./adv.+thatso+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数可数名词单数+thatso+many/much/few/little+名词名词+thate.g.Itissohotthatwecantsleep.Itissointerestingabookthatshehasreadittwice.such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词单数可数名词+thatsuch+adj.+复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数
28、名词+thatsuch+alotof/lotsof+名词名词+thatItissuchaninterestingbookthatshehasreadittwice.Therewassuchdeliciousfoodthathehadtoomuch.2021/8/11 星期三292.such/sothat与与such/soas的区别的区别Theyhavesuchafiercedog_noonedarestogoneartheirhouse.Theyhavesofierceadog_biteswhoeverpassesbytheirhouse.thatasThisissoheavyastone_n
29、oonecanliftit.A.asB.thatCwhichDwhatThisissuchaheavystone_Icantlift.Thisissuchaheavystone_Icantliftit.asthat2021/8/11 星期三30目的状语从句目的状语从句引导词引导词：so，sothat，inorderthat,forfearthat(以免以免,以以防防,惟恐惟恐)等。其谓语动词常与情态动词等。其谓语动词常与情态动词can，could，may，might，should，would连用。连用。1.Idliketoarrive20minutesearly_Icanhavetimefor
30、acupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat2TheShanghaiesearemakinggreateffortstobeautifythecity_moreoverseascompanieswillcome.A.inorderthatB.soastoC.solongasD.onconditionthat2021/8/11 星期三31方式状语从句方式状语从句引导词引导词:as(象象.一样一样,正如正如),asif/asthough(好好象象,宛如宛如)1Just_wateristofish,soairistoman.A.sinceB.what
31、C.likeD.as2Readingistomind_foodistothebody.A.thatB.whatC.asD.likeLeaveitasitis.Hestatedthefactsastheywere.Heis,asitwere,awalkingdictionary.事实上事实上,按现在的样按现在的样子子按原样子按原样子(插入语插入语)仿佛仿佛,好象好象2021/8/11 星期三32比较状语从句比较状语从句引导词引导词:as.as(和和一样一样),notas/soas(不如不如),than(比比),themorethemore(越越越越).Scientistsgenerallyagr
32、eethattheEarthsclimatewillwarmupoverthenext50to100years_ithaswarmedinthe20,000yearssincetheIceAge.A.solongasB.asmuchasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis_itisascience.A.asartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas2021/8/11 星期三33as用法的归纳用法的归纳可引导定语从句可引导定语从句可引导时间状语从句可引导时间
33、状语从句,表表“一边一边,一边一边”可引导原因状语从句可引导原因状语从句,表表“因为因为”Asisknowntoall,Chinaisagreatcountry.Shecriedasshegotoffthebus.Weshallnotgototheparkasitisraining.可引导让步状语从句可引导让步状语从句,表表“虽然虽然,尽管尽管”Surroundedastheywerebytheenemy,theymanagedtogetout.可引导方式状语从句可引导方式状语从句,表表“按照按照”Doasyouaretoldto.可引导比较状语从句可引导比较状语从句,表表“和和一样一样”He
34、answersasquicklyashissisterdoes.2021/8/11 星期三34状语从句中的省略现象状语从句中的省略现象Once_seen,thefilmcanneverbeforgotten.If_invited,Iwillgototheparty.Shestoodattheschoolgateasif_waitingforsomeone.(itis)(Iam)(shewas)When_necessary,IwillbuyaTVset.If_possible,youdbettercometomorrow.(itis)(itis)2021/8/11 星期三351-IhearJoh
35、nsonwasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.-_,letsgoandseehim.A.WhatsmoreB.IfsoC.WherepossibleD.Whennecessary2Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundunless_todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.A.havingbeenmadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.youmake3Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthatasmanyas50percentpatientsdonottakedrugs_directed.A.lik
36、eB.soC.whichD.asAs引导方式状语从句即引导方式状语从句即as(theyare)directed.2021/8/11 星期三36状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换2021/8/11 星期三371.Whenshesawthejewels,shejumpedwithjoy.Seeingthejewels,shejumpedwithjoy.2.Ashewasill,hewenthome.Beingill,hewenthome.3.Astheyareledbythepartythepeoplehavegreatlyimprovedtheirlivingcondi
37、tions.Ledbytheparty,-4.Ashewasfilledwithnewideas,theyoungmaninventedmanykindsofmodernmachines.Filledwithnewideas,.5.Ashedidntknowwhattodo,heaskedmeforhelp.Notknowingwhattodo,-6.Theparklooksverybeautifulwhenitisseenfromthehill.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.2021/8/11 星期三38Hefellasleep_hewa
38、sreading.Ikeptsilent_hewaswriting.Shesang_shewentalong.Itwasraininghard_wearrived.Ithoughtofitjust_youopenedyourmouth.Thingsaregettingbetterandbetter_timegoeson.Itscold_itsnows.Iwillgohome_hecomesback.Wewereabouttostart_itbegantorain.Helikescoffee,_shelikestea._aboy,helivedinJapan._reading,hefellasl
39、eep._introuble,askherforhelp.when/while/aswhileaswhen/aswhen/asaswhenwhenwhenwhileAs/WhenWhen/WhileWhen/While主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作从句表示的是一个持续性动作主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间同时进行同时进行,“一边一边一边一边”主句主句-持续性动作持续性动作,从句从句-短暂性动作短暂性动作主从句主从句-几乎同时发生的短暂性动作几乎同时发生的短暂性动作正在发展变化的情况正在发展变化的情况,“随着随着”“每当每当的时候的时候”(暗示一种规律性暗示一种规律性)有先后顺序有先后顺序表示表示“这时这时(突然突然)”“而而”、“却却”(表示对比表示对比)as/when+名词，构成省略句名词，构成省略句,while无此用法无此用法when/while+现在分词现在分词/介词短语介词短语/形容形容词等构成省略句，但词等构成省略句，但as一般不这样用一般不这样用When,while 和 as的区别2021/8/11 星期三392021/8/11 星期三402021/8/11 星期三41