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1、 随着世界随着世界经济的的发展，展，环境境问题也日益也日益严峻。极端天气越来越多，峻。极端天气越来越多，2012年美国遭遇年美国遭遇半个世半个世纪以来最以来最严重的干旱，中国多地也遭重的干旱，中国多地也遭遇极端暴雨天气。关注遇极端暴雨天气。关注环境成了全世界人民共同的境成了全世界人民共同的选择。因此，关。因此，关于于环境境问题方面的写作也成了高考的高方面的写作也成了高考的高频考点。如考点。如2012年和年和2011年年福建卷以及福建卷以及2011年江西卷都涉及到了年江西卷都涉及到了这一一话题。本。本书从此从此单元开始元开始至后面两个至后面两个单元将元将围绕此此话题设计晨背内容。晨背内容。一、话
2、题常用词汇必背一、话题常用词汇必背1常用单词常用单词(1)action n 行行为(2)desire n.渴望渴望(3)harmony n.和和谐(4)environment n.环境境(5)existence n.生存生存(6)energy n.能量；能量；精力精力(7)consider v.考考虑 由词连句由词连句背词汇、学连句，让作文丰满起来背词汇、学连句，让作文丰满起来(8)pour v.倾倒倒(9)harm v.对有害有害(10)pollute v污染染(11)threaten v.威威胁(12)totally adv.完全地完全地(13)badly adv.严重地重地(14)eff
3、ective adj.有效的有效的(15)severely adv.严重地重地(16)lowcarbon adj.低碳的低碳的(17)reusable adj.可再使用的可再使用的(18)renewable adj.可再生的可再生的2常用短语常用短语(1)result in导致致(2)adjust to 适适应(3)in ones view 在某人看来在某人看来(4)take measures 采取措施采取措施(5)to make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是使事情更糟糕的是(6)prevent.from.阻止阻止免于免于(7)form a habit of.养成养成的的习惯(
4、8)leave.behind 把把抛于抛于脑后后(9)be ashamed of 对感到羞耻感到羞耻二、二、连词成句并背成句并背诵按括号中的要求，添加适当的按括号中的要求，添加适当的词连词成句成句1in my view,something,be,done,solve this problem,in no time(用被用被动语态)答案：答案：_ _2not only.but also.,they,harm,themselves,cause trouble,others(用倒装句式用倒装句式)答案：答案：_ _Not only do they harm themselves but also t
5、heymay cause trouble to others.In my view,something must be done to solve this problem in no time.3the first thing,we,do,consider,whether.or.,good,others,our society(用定用定语和和宾语从句从句)答案：答案：_ _4time,us,take measures,prevent.from.,earth,get warmer(用用it 作形式主作形式主语)答案：答案：_ (Its time for sb.to do sth.)_ (Its
6、 high time that.)Its time for us to take measures to prevent theearth from getting warmer.Its high time that we took measures to prevent theearth from getting warmer.The first thing we should do is to consider whether it is good to others or our society.高频单词必记高频单词必记1_ adj.古代的；古老的古代的；古老的2_ n.志愿者；志愿兵志
7、愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；志愿的；义务义务的的 vt.&vi.自愿自愿ancientvolunteer3 vt.做做东；主；主办；招待；招待 n.主人主人4 vt.取代；替代；代替取代；替代；代替5 adj.快的；迅速的快的；迅速的hostreplaceswift6 vt.&vi.收收费；控；控诉 n.费用；用；主管主管7 adj.物理的；身体的物理的；身体的8 vi.讨价价还价；价；讲条件条件 n.便宜便宜货9 vi.&vt.应受受(报答或答或惩罚)；值得得10 vi.比比赛；竞争争 n竞争争 adj.有有竞争性的；争性的；竞争的争的 n竞争者争者11 adj.规则的；定期的；常的；定期
8、的；常规的的 vt.管制管制 n规则；规章制度章制度12 vt.&vi.容容许；承；承认；接；接纳 n准入；准准入；准许13 n责任；任；职责 adj.有有责任心的任心的14 vt.&vi.做广告；登广告做广告；登广告 n广告商广告商 n广告广告chargephysicalcompetitiondeservecompetecompetitivebargaincompetitorregularadmissionregulationadmitresponsibilityresponsibleadvertiseadvertiseradvertisementregulate1语境串记语境串记(用所给词
9、的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空)(1)Our school will send you to in the election.We are sure you will be more than the other .(compete)(2)Well be for your safety and you need to take for your actions.(responsible)(3)are supposed to be honest with the .If you your goods in a dishonest way,you will be fined up to 50
10、,000 yuan.(advertise)competecompetitiveresponsibleadvertisementscompetitorsadvertiseresponsibilityAdvertisers2主题串记主题串记请根据根据词性和性和汉语提示写出与提示写出与“环境境”相关的高相关的高频单词(1)n毒毒药；毒物；毒物 vt.使中毒；毒死使中毒；毒死(2)n.污染染(3)n.废料；垃圾料；垃圾 vt.浪浪费；损耗耗(4)n.大气大气层；空气；空气(5)n.(自然自然资源的源的)保保护；防止流失；防止流失(6)n.生生态学；生学；生态(7)n.资源源(8)v.使再循使再循环；回
11、收利用；回收利用poisonwastepollutionatmosphereconservationecologyresourcerecycle.重点短语必背重点短语必背*1.参加；参与参加；参与2 代表；象征；表示代表；象征；表示*3.也；也；还；又；又*4.主管；看管；主管；看管；负责5 做交易做交易*6.拾起；接收；搭拾起；接收；搭车；加速；加速*7.计算算出出；设计出出；解解决决；结果果；锻炼*8.陆续地；一个接一个地地；一个接一个地*9.除了除了10 事事实上；上；实际上上take part instand foras wellin charge ofmake a bargainpi
12、ck upwork outone after anotherapart fromas a matter of fact选用以上用以上标有有*的短的短语填空填空(其中有一其中有一项是多余的是多余的)1We had wanted to finish our task by noon,but it didnt quite .2Of course,Ill do some reading for fun,and for knowledge .3 good service,the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
13、4No need to push.Lets get on the train .5Would it be convenient for you to my son at four oclock at the airport?6Could I speak to whoever it is International Sales please?work outas wellApart fromone after anotherpick upin charge of.经典句型必会经典句型必会1No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or w
14、omen!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！女也不能参加！解解读nor放在句首，引起部分倒装。放在句首，引起部分倒装。仿写仿写她打字不熟她打字不熟练，这项工作也不会工作也不会让她感她感兴趣。趣。She is not skilled in typing,interest her.nor will the work2Women are not only allowed,but play a very important role in gymnastics,athletics,team sports and.妇女不女不仅允允许参加比参加比赛，而且她，而且她们还在体操、田
15、径和在体操、田径和团体体等比等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用目中起着非常重要的作用解解读not only.but(also).“不不仅而且而且”，用来，用来连接并列成分。接并列成分。not only位于句首位于句首时，not only所在的分句所在的分句用部分倒装。用部分倒装。仿写仿写你不你不仅能能节省省时间和金和金钱，而且也会重新，而且也会重新发现真真实交流的快交流的快乐。Not only and money,you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.will you save timebut3Theres as mu
16、ch competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之国与国之间争取奥运会主争取奥运会主办权的的竞争就像争争就像争夺奥运奥运奖牌一牌一样激烈。激烈。解解读as.as.“和和一一样”，为同同级比比较。仿写仿写人人们普遍普遍认为教学既是一教学既是一门科学，也是一科学，也是一门艺术。Its generally believed that teaching is it is a science.as much an art as4This is important because the mor
17、e you speak English,the better your English will become.这很重要，因很重要，因为你你说英英语越多，你的英越多，你的英语水平就越高。水平就越高。解解读“the比比较级(.),the比比较级(.)”意意为“越越就越就越”。仿写仿写他越是他越是这样想，就越是感到不开心。想，就越是感到不开心。he thought like this,he became.The morethe more unhappy1compete vi.比比赛；竞争争教材原句教材原句How many countries competed in the ancient Olym
18、pic Games?有多少国家参加古代奥运会？有多少国家参加古代奥运会？(1)compete in 参加参加比赛；在比赛；在方面竞争方面竞争compete for 为为而竞争而竞争compete with/against.for 为争取为争取而与而与对抗对抗/竞争竞争(2)competition n.比赛比赛competitive adj.有竞争力的有竞争力的competitor n.比赛者；对手比赛者；对手As a longdistance swimmer,she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by dis
19、tance,danger,cold,and exhaustion.(2012天津高考阅读表达天津高考阅读表达)作作为一个一个长距离的游泳者，她将与自己以及由距离、危距离的游泳者，她将与自己以及由距离、危险、寒冷和疲寒冷和疲劳所引起的障碍抗争。所引起的障碍抗争。She and her sister are always attention.她和她姐姐她和她姐姐总是争着出是争着出风头。Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world.没有人能没有人能够完全完全远离离这个充个充满竞争的社会。争的社会。competing for2adm
20、it vt.&vi.容容许；承；承认；接；接纳；容；容纳教材原句教材原句Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有达到只有达到该比比赛项目目规定水平的运定水平的运动员才被允才被允许参加参加比比赛。(1)admit doing/having done/that 承认承认admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人承认某人/某物某物(2)admit sb.to/into.准许进入；准许加入；准准许进入；准许加入；准 许入学许入学(入院入
21、院)admit.as.接纳接纳作为作为(3)admission n.准许进入；入场费；承认准许进入；入场费；承认Though Rita admits she often gets tired,she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a difference in the world.(2012山东高考完形填空山东高考完形填空)尽管尽管丽塔承塔承认经常感到累，但她常感到累，但她说她会她会继续这项工作，因工作，因为她喜她喜欢这种在世界上种在世界上产生影响的感生影响的感
22、觉。The young man had to without a driving license.这个年个年轻人不得不承人不得不承认无无证驾驶。News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.校校办传来消息，王林被北京大学来消息，王林被北京大学录取了。取了。admit driving3replace vt.取代；替取代；替换；代替；把；代替；把放回原放回原处高考佳句高考佳句It is still under discussion whether the old bus
23、station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2011重庆高考单项填空重庆高考单项填空)老汽老汽车站是否站是否应该被一个被一个现代化的代化的宾馆代替仍然在代替仍然在讨论之中。之中。replace sth.with/by sth.用用替换替换take the place of be in place of 代替代替 You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.你离开之前必你离开之前必须把把书放回放回书架上。架上。Teachers will never c
24、omputers in the classroom.课堂上堂上电脑永永远不会取代老不会取代老师。John is ill and I want to know who is going to _ .约翰病了，我想知道翰病了，我想知道谁将代替他。将代替他。be replaced byreplace/takethe place of him4charge vt.&vi.收收费；控；控诉；充；充电 n费用；主管用；主管(1)charge sb.for sth.为某物向某人收取费用为某物向某人收取费用charge sb.with(doing)sth.控告某人控告某人(做做)某事某事(2)take cha
25、rge of 掌管掌管/负责负责in charge of 控制控制/管理管理in/under the charge of 受受的管理的管理free of charge 免费免费经经典典例例句句Do you think museums should charge for admission？(牛津牛津P266)你你认为博物博物馆应该收入收入场费吗？There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not.就博物就博物馆是否是否应该收入收入场费有激烈的争有激烈的争论。Bob was char
26、ged with the murder,but he refused to admit it.鲍勃因一起勃因一起谋杀案被指控，但他拒案被指控，但他拒绝承承认。He the shop while the manager was away.经理不在理不在时，他，他负责管理管理这个商店。个商店。You could attend a class teaching you how to“learn from the masters”or get more creative with paint free of charge.(2012湖南高考阅读湖南高考阅读B)你可以参加一个班，教你如何你可以参加一个班
27、，教你如何“向大向大师学学习”或如何从画中得到更多的或如何从画中得到更多的创造力，造力，这一切都是免一切都是免费的。的。名师指津名师指津表示表示“控告某人某事控告某人某事”还可以用还可以用accuse sb.of sth.结构。注意结构。注意介词搭配的不同。介词搭配的不同。was in charge of/took charge of5bargain vi.讨价价还价；价；讲条件条件n.便宜便宜货教材原句教材原句Her father said that she must marry,so Atlanta made a bargain with him.她父她父亲说她必她必须结婚，于是，阿特婚，
28、于是，阿特兰塔跟他塔跟他讲条件。条件。(1)bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.和某人就某事讨价还价和某人就某事讨价还价(2)make a bargain with sb.和某人达成协议和某人达成协议a good/bad bargain 买得买得(不不)合算合算After much bargaining,the shop owner agreed to cut down the price by 20%.经过讨价价还价，店主同意降价价，店主同意降价20%。The workers are bargaining better pay their boss.工人工人
29、们正在正在为涨工工资与老板与老板讨价价还价。价。She thinks the car was a good bargain at that price.她她认为那那辆车的价格真便宜。的价格真便宜。forwith6deserve vi.&vt.应受受(报答或答或惩罚)；值得；得；应得得高考佳句高考佳句What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.(2012北京高考阅读北京高考阅读D)荒野在世界保荒野在世界保护区
30、中区中应该占据什么位置占据什么位置显然然值得人得人们更更认真真地思考。地思考。deserve consideration/attention值得考虑值得考虑/注注意意deserve to do 应该应该/值得做值得做deserve doing deserve to be done 值得被做值得被做 You deserve a rest after all that hard work.劳累了累了这么久，你么久，你应该好好休息一下。好好休息一下。What comes first is to keep an open mind,because everyones ideas deserve con
31、sideration/to be considered/considering.首先要保持一个开放的心首先要保持一个开放的心态，因，因为每个人的想法都每个人的想法都值得考得考虑。Its true that she made a mistake but she hardly _ .她的确犯了她的确犯了错，但她不，但她不应该被解雇。被解雇。deserves tolose her job联想想归纳deserve doing是是动名名词的主的主动形式表被形式表被动意意义，有此用法的，有此用法的单词还有哪些？有哪些？_ need,want,require等。等。单词对点集训单词对点集训.单词拼写拼写1A
32、s far as Im concerned,these indeed (值得得)our efforts and money.2It looks as if they are going to (要价要价)us a lot of money for the concert hall.3She suffered a lot of (身体的身体的)pain because of the illness.4We (录取取)the best and brightest international students into our top universities.5Im short of money,
33、and cant afford a new car to (替替换)my old one.6Many small clubs have suffered financial losses recently,as they cannot (竞争争)with the large ones.deservechargephysicaladmitreplacecompete.单项填空单项填空1I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real_.AexchangeBbargainCtrade Dbusiness解析：考解析：考查名名词
34、词义辨析。句意：我在一次降价辨析。句意：我在一次降价销售活售活动中花中花10美元美元买了一件了一件连衣裙，真是便宜。衣裙，真是便宜。bargain“廉价廉价货；便宜；便宜货”，a real bargain意意为“真便宜真便宜”。exchange“交交换；交流；交流；兑换”；trade“交易交易”；business“商商业；生意；生意”。答案答案:B2The brave man was greatly honoured when the organizer announced,“You_ a medal！”Apreserve BexpectCdeserve Dreserve解析：考解析：考查动词
35、词义辨析。句意：当辨析。句意：当组织者宣布者宣布“你理你理所所应当地荣当地荣获一枚一枚奖牌牌”时，这位勇者感到无上光荣。位勇者感到无上光荣。preserve“维持；保持；保护”；expect“期望期望”；deserve“值得；得；应该”；reserve“保留；保留；预定；定；预约”。答案答案:C3With the popularity of network,email has largely_ the traditional letter.Aexchanged BremovedCexpanded Dreplaced解析：考解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着网辨析。句意：随着网络的流行，的流行，
36、电子子邮件在很大程度上取代了件在很大程度上取代了传统书信。信。exchange“交交换”；remove“摆脱；除去脱；除去”；expand“扩展；展；扩张”；replace“取取代；代替代；代替”。答案答案:D4The company provides a telephone service free of_ charge and you can dial to find out how you should pay_ charge for what you ordered.A/;/B/;aCa;the D/;the解析：解析：free of charge“免免费”，无需冠，无需冠词；pay
37、the charge for.“付付的的费用用”，为特指。特指。答案答案:D5More than thirty students competed_ each other in the English competition.But they could only compete_ three medals.Aagainst;with Bagainst;onCwith;for Don;for解析：解析：compete with sb.“与某人与某人竞争争”；compete for sth.“为而而竞争争”。答案答案:C答案答案:C6(2013厦门模拟厦门模拟)Little Tom admitt
38、ed_ in the examination,_ that he wouldnt do that in future.Ato cheat;to promiseBcheating;promisedChaving cheated;promisingDto have cheated;promised解析：句意：小解析：句意：小汤姆承姆承认在考在考试中作弊，并保中作弊，并保证以后不再那以后不再那样做了。做了。admit后通常要接后通常要接动名名词作作宾语，即，即admit doing或或admit having done，据此排除，据此排除A、D两两项。由于第二空前缺。由于第二空前缺少少连词，因此，因
39、此admit与与promise不是两个并列的不是两个并列的谓语动词，用，用promised是是错误的，此的，此处用用现在分在分词promising作伴随状作伴随状语，故答案故答案为C。1take part in参加；参与参加；参与教材原句教材原句Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?谁不能参加古代的奥运会？不能参加古代的奥运会？take part参加参加take an active part in 积极参加积极参加We should take part in the physical exercise and build up
40、 our strength.我我们大家都大家都应该参加体育活参加体育活动来增来增强强体力。体力。When I watched the game he encouraged me to take part.当我当我观看比看比赛时他鼓励我参加。他鼓励我参加。A lively and caring girl,Anna social activities.安娜是一个活安娜是一个活泼又有又有爱心的女孩，她心的女孩，她积极参与社会活极参与社会活动。takes an active part in辨析比辨析比较take part in,join,join in,attend试一一试选择上述上述词语填空填空Si
41、nce you have no time,you need not the tea party.If Jim the Talent Show,hed win it for sure.I wonder if you have known Dr.Jackson for a long time.Yes,since he the golf club.Would you like to the discussion tomorrow?attendtook part injoinedjoin us in辨一辨辨一辨take part in指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其中起作用指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其
42、中起作用join(become a member of)指加入某个组织并成为其中一员指加入某个组织并成为其中一员join(sb.)in指参与某项活动，口语中常与指参与某项活动，口语中常与take part in通通用用attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼；听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众2as well 也；也；还(常放在句子末尾，作常放在句子末尾，作为副副词短短语使用使用)高考佳句高考佳句Today we can talk,text,email,chat and blog(写博客写博客),not only
43、from our computers,but from our mobile phones as well.(2012江苏高考完形填空江苏高考完形填空)今天我今天我们不不仅可以用可以用电脑来交来交谈、发短信、短信、发电子子邮件、件、聊天、写博客，而且也可以通聊天、写博客，而且也可以通过手机做手机做这些事情。些事情。(1)as well as 被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词、形容被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词、形容词、介词短语等；词、介词短语等；as well as表示表示“除除之外之外”时，相当于时，相当于besides,in addition to(2)as well as也
44、可以是也可以是well的同级比较结构，表示的同级比较结构，表示“和和一样好一样好”(3)may/might as well do sth.had better do sth.“最好做某事；最好做某事；做做倒也无妨倒也无妨”My little brother can speak English and French as well.我弟弟会我弟弟会说英英语，也会，也会说法法语。These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answ
45、ering the question.这些技些技术使得你能使得你能够迅速整理思路并确保你能正确地回答迅速整理思路并确保你能正确地回答问题。The weather was so bad we at home.天气太坏了，早知道如此，我天气太坏了，早知道如此，我们倒不如待在家里的好。倒不如待在家里的好。might as well have stayed名名师指津指津当当“A as well as B”结构作主构作主语时，谓语动词应与与A在人称和数方面保持一致。在人称和数方面保持一致。He as well as you is responsible for the accident.他和你都他和你都
46、对这起事故有起事故有责任。任。链接高考接高考(2012(2012四川高考四川高考)This training program can give you a lift at work,_ increase your income by 40%.Aas well as Bso long asCso much as Das soon as解析：考解析：考查介介词as构成的短构成的短语的用法。句意：的用法。句意：这个培个培训项目除目除了可以增加你收入的了可以增加你收入的40%之外，之外，还能能够让你在工作方面得到提你在工作方面得到提升。升。A项意意为“除除之外之外(还有有)；和；和”；B项意意为“只要
47、只要”；C项意意为“与与一一样多多”(不用于肯定句不用于肯定句)；D项意意为“一一就就”。答案：答案：A3stand for代表；象征；表示；主代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；忍受；支持；忍受 教材原句教材原句What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?奥运旗上的五奥运旗上的五环代表什么？代表什么？stand sth./doing sth.忍受忍受(做做)某事某事stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观站在旁边；袖手旁观stand out 突出；显眼；杰出突出；显眼；杰出stand on ones own feet 自立；不依靠他人自立；
48、不依靠他人Her mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.她的她的妈妈主主张对待所有的孩子都要慈待所有的孩子都要慈爱。Her bright clothes always make her in a crowd.她那她那鲜艳的衣服的衣服总是使她在人群中很是使她在人群中很显眼。眼。Children should learn to stand on their own feet rather than just depend on their parents.孩子要学会自立而不是孩子要学会自立而不是仅去依靠父母。去依靠父母。stand
49、 out 短短语对点集点集训.选词填空填空1as well as,may as well,as wellOften life is much slower outside the big cities,as is true in other countries .We expect you to do the housework looking after the children.Since it is raining hard,you stay here.2take part in,join,attendEmployees are expected and required to team
50、 meetings.Any child wanting to the afterschool club should see Mrs Williams.When he was young,he political activities.as wellas well asmay as wellattendjointook part in .单项填空单项填空1(2013池州高三质检池州高三质检)Next week I will go to a job interview.Will you give me some suggestions?Smiling is a great way to make