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1、(1)I wonder if,by way of similar extraordinary facts that I cannot predict,I may feel moreat home in Europe than on my deeply loved stretches of land in the United States.(2)I sometimes wish that photography were solely the domain of artists who photographrather than a tool so commonly used for the
2、reproduction of artworks.(3)Reproduction fatally weakens the force of art,reducing its presence to mere informationand thus rendering it accessible in way that makes it easy to miss the point of view.(4)Since the eighteenth century,most of our great moralists have at one time or anotherturned their
3、attention to the language,reflecting the conviction that the mastery of politeprose is a moral accomplishment.(5)Obviously,we are not bound to use the language just as it was used a hundred years ago,but neither is it in our interest to change the language willy-nilly.(6)Nevertheless,I would not wan
4、t to claim that there are no improprieties worth botheringabout.(7)Beyond the revision of traditional categories,new social conditions call for attention toaspects of language to which early grammarians were indifferent.(8)In ordinary private conversation,the background of information we have in com
5、mon isusually rich enough to enable us to fill in what is intended.(9)Just as attention to rules of written usage helps us to read intelligently,so an awarenessof abuse of“you know”in public forums makes us better listeners.(11)Only when all of America could see,on the nightly newscasts,the civil di
6、sobedienceoccurring in places like Seima and Montgomery did the issue of civil rights become anational concern rather than a series of isolated local events.(12)“Now.this“is a phrase commonly used on television newscasts to indicate that whatone has just heard or seen has no relevance to what one is
7、 about to hear or see or possibly toanything one is ever likely to hear or see.(14)Huxley realized that the government need not conceal anything from a public that hasbecome insensible to contradiction,that has lost any perspective from which to scrutinizegovernment critically,and that has been rend
8、ered passive by technological diversions.(15)In many respects living Native Americans remain as mysterious,exotic andunfathomable to their contemporaries at the end of the twentieth century as they were to thePilgrim settlers over three hundred fifty years ago.(16)The familiar and reassuring kinds o
9、f written documentation found in Europeansocieties of equivalent chronological periods do not exist,and the forms of tribal recordpreservation available oral history,tales,mnemonic devices,and religious rituals一 strikeuniversity-trained academics as inexact,unreliable,and suspect.(17)Every modern ob
10、server,whether he or she was schooled in the traditions of the SouthPacific or Zaire,of Hanover,New Hampshire or Vienna,Austria,was exposed at an earlyage to one or another form of folklore about Native Americans.(18)For some,the very impressions about Native American tribes that initially attracted
11、them to the field of American history are aspects most firmly rooted in popular myth andstereotype.(19)It proposed that even though most buyers will never venture into territory any lesstrampled than the parking lot of the local shopping mall,the important goal of themarketing hype is to plant the i
12、mage in customers9 minds that they can conquer ruggedterrain.(20)Indeed,in an age when many who can afford to do so live in limited-access communitiesin houses guarded by sophisticated surveillance systems,the SUV is the perfecttransportation shelter to protect us from fears both real and imagined.(
13、21)The belief that it is harmful to the Black community for authors to explore thehumanity of our leaders can have troubling effects.(22)Americans have distanced themselves from the ethics and morals of food production,except where it serves them to think nostalgically about family farms as the sour
14、ce of ourbetter values.(23)Little wonder that a poll taken by The New York Times finds a majority of Americansseeing farm life as superior to any other kind of life in this country.(24)That nineteenth-century French novelist Honore de Balzac could be financially wise inhis fiction while losing all h
15、is money in life was an irony duplicated in other matters.(25)For instance,the very women who had been drawn to him by the penetrating intuitionof the female heart that he showed in his novels were appalled to discover how insensitiveand awkward the real man could be.(26)Contemplating the consequenc
16、es of that will give you a headache,and science fictionwriters for decades have delighted in the paradoxes that can arise from traveling throughtime.(27)The great collector and scholar Richard Payne Knight after discovering that an antiquecameo of the Roman goddess Flora might be a modem forgery,tol
17、d the dealer who had soldit to him that it did not matter whether it was old or new,since its beauty was unaffected byits age.(28)Yet Van Meegeren was exposed not because he ceased to fool people,but because he wasforced to prove himself a forger in order to clear himself of the more serious charge
18、ofhaving sold a national treasure illegally.(29)That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid sellingits products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates offree-market economic theories.(30)Balzacs fiction originally sprang from an
19、intuition he first discovered as a wretchedlittle school boy locked in a dark closet of his boarding school:life is a prison,and onlyimagination can open its doors.比 赛 通 告：Directions:The Students*Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write anannouncement which covers the fo
20、llowing information:1)the purpose of the contest,2)time and place of the contest,3)what is required of the candidates,4)details of the judges and awards.Y ou should write about 100 words.D o not sign your ow n name at the end of the le tte r.UseDepartment of Chinese Language and Literature at the en
21、d of the announcement.Chinese-Speaking ContestJanuary 7,2012To improve students ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-classactivities,the Students Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literatureis organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday nextweek(14 January
22、)at the Students Auditorium.Those who are interested in takingpart in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be givenawards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students*UnionD
23、epartment of Chinese Language and Literature书 信 类 应 用 文：1.倡 议 信：Directions:Hospitals throughout China are faced with blood shortage and a great manypatients lives,therefore,are threatened.Write a proposal letter to1)concern for the problem2)call on them to be blood donorsDear Schoolmates,A severe sh
24、ortage of blood is afflicting China s hospitals and numerous bloodbanks have reported dangerously low suppl ies.Because of recent acute blood shortage,many vital operations have to be postponed,which reduces a large number of patientsto bleak despair.What can we do to relieve the blood shortage and
25、save these pitiful patients?The best solution should be rolling up our sleeves to donate blood.Being a blooddonor won t harm our own health,so I hope all of us can actively and voluntarilyparticipate in blood donation.Yours sincerely,Li Ming2.感 谢 信：Directions:After being involved in an accident,you
26、were looked after by Mr.Shakespeare.Write a special letter to express your thanks.Dear Mr.Shakespeare,I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to thatunfortunate accident the other day,when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in givi
27、ng me first aid,I fearthat the consequences might have been much serious.Everyone agrees that it wasyour quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactoryoutcome.Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish,we see very few people practice w
28、hat they preach.If there were more people likeyou,this world would be a much nicer place.(107 words)Yours sincerely,Li Ming3、投 诉 信：Directions:Write to the head of a train,and complain about its bad services.Dear Sir or Madam,As a regular passenger of your train,I am completely disappointed to find t
29、hatthe service you provide is far from satisfactory.Therefore,I am writing this letterto draw your attention to the matter in the hope that the present situation willbe much improved.As we all know,punctuality is essential to the railway service.However,thetrain is delayed from time to time,which br
30、ings me much trouble and inconvenience.Worst of all is the bad manners of your stewards and stewardesses.From theirservices,we can not understand the saying:The customers are the god.”I believe you will take this matter into serious consideration and give asatisfactory reply as soon as possible.At t
31、he same time,I sincerely hope thatyou will review your management system.I would be glad to see improvements in yourrailway service.(143 words)Yours sincerely,Li Ming4.邀 请 信：Directions:Write a letter to Professor Schipper,a world famous professor majoring inChinese philosophy and religious studies,a
32、nd invite him to participate in aconference to be held in your university.Dear Professor Schipper,I am very pleased to inform you that Beijing University is organizing an academicconference entitled“Sino-US Conference on Philosophy and Religious Studies”onDecember 8-9 in Beijing.You are cordially in
33、vited to participate in this important Chinese academicevent to be our guest speaker.You will be welcome to participate fully in theactivities of the conference,including workshops,seminars,and other recreationalactivities.Your round trip air ticket,accommodation and meal expenses will besubsidized.
34、We look forward to seeing you in this conference and to having you as asignificant part of this event.If you accept this invitation,please advise usof your date of arrival,so that we can make necessary arrangements.(118 words)Yours sincerely,Li Ming5.求 职 信：Directions:Write to a company,and apply for
35、 a post advertised in a newspaper.Dear Sir or Madam,I have read your advertisement in China Daily on 9 December for the post ofAccountant,and would be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicantfor the position.My professional training and experience all contribute to my qualificatio
36、nsfor the job.I graduate from the Department of Accounting in Guanghua ManagementSchool of Beijing University in 2010.You will note from my enclosed resume thatI was awarded First-prize scholarship four times for my outstanding academicperformance.After graduation,I worked as an accountant in Beijin
37、g New OrientalEducation and Technology Group.I hope that such working experience can be takeninto favorable consideration.I have enclosed a resume for your reference.I would like to extend my heartfeltappreciation if you could let me know the result of my application in due course.(138 words)Sincere
38、ly yours,Li Ming6.祝 贺 信：Directions:After the Wenchuan earthquake,construction of 16 schools and kindergartenshas been finished there and more than 14,000 students will study in the newlycompleted schools.Write a letter to those students to1)congratulate them on their newly-built schools2)express you
39、r best wishes for themDear Students,It is a great pleasure to send my congratulations to you on the brand-new andwell-equipped school building.The school rebuilding project has been finished in less than one year with thelove and donation from all social circles as wel1 as the concern and support fr
40、omboth the centre and local governments.What a miracle it is!Those spaciousclassrooms and advanced multimedia equipments will make your study environment morecomfortable and facilitate your learning process.I wish that you could treasure the excellent conditions and make the best useof them.With the
41、 knowledge and skills you are going to learn,one day you all canoffer significant contributions to our country!(114 words)Yours sincerely,Li Ming7.求 学 信：Directions:You want to study at a certain foreign university.Write a letter to1)ask about the situation there as regards accommodation and fees,2)p
42、ossible scholarships,and3)what qualifications one needs for acceptanceDear Sir or Madam,I am a Chinese student who wishes to apply for admission into your prestigiousuniversity.My plan is to start my course next term,and I would be grateful ifyou would be kind enough to provide me with certain essen
43、tial information.First,what qualifications do I need to follow a course of study at youruniversity?1 already have a bachelory s degree from Beijing Foreign StudiesUniversity,but I wonder if there are any further academic requirements.Second,how much are the tuition fees?Although I intend to be self-
44、supporting,I wouldbe interested to hear if there are any scholarships available for internationalstudents.Third,what is the situation as regards accommodation?I look forward to your reply,and to attending your esteemed institution.(126words)Yours sincerely,Li Ming8.备 忘 录/报 告：Directions:You are the p
45、resident of a company.Write a memo to George Gordon Byron,thevice-president on the employee s training on computer,telling him the need to trainthe employees,detailed information,and ask him to write a plan.Date:January 7,2012To：George Gordon Byron,Vice PresidentFrom:Li Ming,PresidentSubject：Compute
46、r Training of the StaffAs we discussed earlier this week,I agree with you that our firm is faced upwith problem of the high rate of computer illiteracy of the staff.We need to makeup a plan for training our employees in the new field.I would like you to design our own in-house computer-training prog
47、ram.We hadbetter classify the employees and put them through the program in turn.Write up a brief proposal,describing what you think the program should cover.Assume the class runs four hours a week for ten weeks.Also,assume people haveno prior computer knowledge or any formal course work in computer
48、 science.1、亲 爱 的 同 学 们：严 峻 的 血 荒 正 侵 扰 着 中 国 的 医 院。大 量 血 站 报 道 了 危 险 的 低 库 存。因 为 最 近 严 重 的 血 荒。许 多 救 命 的 手 术 不 得 不 推 迟。让 很 多 病 人 陷 入 深 深 的 绝 望。我 们 能 做 什 么 改 善 血 荒 救 这 些 可 怜 的 病 人 呢？最 好 的 解 决 办 法 是 挽 起 我 们 的 袖 筒 献 血。作 为 献 血 者 不 会 影 响 我 们 自 己 的 健 康。所 以 我 希 望 大 家 能 积 极 自 愿 的 加 入 献 血。诚 挚 的。李 明 2、尊 敬 的 莎
49、 士 比 亚 先 生：我 写 信 是 为 了 表 达 我 衷 心 的 感 谢。我 指 的 是 那 天 我 被 一 辆 出 租 车 从 自 行 车 上 撞 下 来 的 不 幸 事 件。如 果 没 有 您 给 予 我 的 第 一 手 的 及 时 帮 助 的 话。恐 怕 后 果 会 更 严 重。大 家 都 认 为 正 是 您 在 那 个 紧 急 事 件 中 的 快 速 反 应 才 导 致 了 满 意 的 后 果。尽 管 现 在 越 来 越 多 的 人 谈 论 到 大 公 无 私 的 必 要 性。但 是 我 们 看 到 很 少 有 人 言 行 一 致。如 果 有 更 多 人 像 您 的 话。世 界 会
50、 更 加 美 好。您 真 诚 的。李 明 3、尊 敬 的 先 生 或 女 士：作 为 贵 列 车 的 一 位 常 客。我 完 全 失 望 地 发 现 您 提 供 的 服 务 远 远 不 能 令 人 满 意。因 此。我 写 这 封 信 希 望 弓 I起 您 对 这 一 问 题 的 关 注。期 待 您 能 极 大 改 进 现 状。众 所 周 知。准 时 对 于 铁 路 服 务 非 常 重 要。然 而。这 趟 列 车 经 常 晚 点。给 我 带 来 很 大 的 麻 烦 和 不 便。最 难 以 忍 受 的 是 贵 列 车 男 女 乘 务 员 糟 糕 的 态 度。从 他 们 的 服 务 中。我 们 很