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1、中考英语真题透视阅读理解专项讲解（4）一完成句子式题型Passage 1Mr.Scott worked in a middle school.He read a lot.He taught well and could answer all the questions his studentsasked.And they liked him very much.One Sunday morning,when he was dressing his little son,Jimmy,the boysuddenly asked,“May I ask you a question,Dad?”Of c
2、ourse you can,answered Mr.Scott.Are you sure that you cananswer it?”Certainly.”Well,said Jimmy,“Are there any holes in your socks?”Holes?”Mr.Scott said in surprise.“Its impossible.,“Look at them carefully,or youll be wrong!”Mr.Scott took off his socks and looked at themcarefully but didnt find anyth
3、ing wrong.“No,theres no hole in them J said Mr.Scott.I bought them only last week.”How can you put your feet intothem,then?”Little Jimmy said with a smile.At first Mr.Scott didnt know what to say.After a while he began to laughwith a red face.根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。l.Mr.Scott was a in a school.2.His
4、son was ver y,so he couldnt dress himself.3.Mr.Scott to find if there were holes in his socks.4.1n the end Mr.Scott that his son had played a joke on him.5.From Jimmys joke we can say that he was a boy.（选自2003年广东省肇庆市试题）【解题思路点拨】这篇小短文的大意是：Mr.Scott是一名中学教师。一天，正当他给儿子穿衣服时，儿子Jimmy问他“你的袜子上有一个洞吗？”这个问题。Mr.Sco
5、tt感到莫名其妙。他脱下自己上周刚买的新袜子，仔细地看了看，根本没有发现任何问题。令他没有想到的是，儿子微笑着对他说：“没有洞，那么你是怎么样把脚放进去的呢？”l.teacher由短文开头的两句话就可以得出答案。2.young。从 Mr.Scott给儿子穿衣服这件事上来看，可以判断出他的儿子年龄很小，还不会穿衣服。所以答案为young。注意不可误将little作为答案，因为这个词并不指年龄小。3.tried/wantedo 这个小题的答案源自于Mr.Scott took off his socks and looked at them carefully but didnt findanyth
6、ing wrong.”这句话之中。4.understood/knew/leamed/learnto根据短文所述的内容，不难看出这是儿子给Mr.Scott开的一个玩笑。联系短文末尾的“After a while he began to laugh with a red face.”这句话，就可以得Hl答案。5.clever/bright/naughty/lovely/cute。从这个孩子说的“How can you put your feet into them,then?”这句话，可以看出Jimmy是非常聪明、可爱的。开父亲的玩笑,说明他很淘气。这由Jim m y的两次问话“May I ask
7、 you a question,Dad?”和“Are you sure that you can answer it?”也可以看出来儿童活泼可爱的天性。答案只要符合这几层意思都是正确的。Passage 2There are many colors in nature.But do you know if a color has weight?I think youll say no”.But I am afraidyou are wrong.If you donl believe,you may do a small experiment.First,put two objects（物体）wi
8、th the same weight into two boxes.Then cover the box.Third,wrap one box with ared piece of paper,the other with a white piece of paper.OK.Now hold the boxes with your hand one by one.It iscertain that you will think the red one is a little heavier.Why do you think so?A scientist found that different
9、 colors have different weight in a mans mind.So he did mantests and at last he got the result.That is to say,every color has its own weight in our mind and their order is the same.The heaviest color is red,then blue,green,orange,yellow and white.The scientist told us that colors also have smell.Can
10、you smell the color?Of course not.Then why did the scientistsay so?That is because every color stands for（代表）a kind of light with a certain wavelength.It reaches our brainthrough sense organs（感觉器官）.According to this discovery,scientists say that people accept（接受）the colors they like,and refuse the c
11、olors theyhate.So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like.Or youll be nervous or even get ill.Forexample,if you stay in a room with red windows,wallpapers and furniture for two hours,youll feel you have been therefor four hours.But if the room is blue,youll feel you have been
12、 there for only and hour.Another example,if a personwalks out of a red room and into a blue room,his temperature will fall.That means our body temperature will changewith different colors.根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。l.I f you want to know if a color has weight,you can do a small experiment.Fi rst,.Second,.Thir
13、d,wrap one box with a red piece of paper,the other with a white piece.Then,holding the boxeswith your hand one by one,you may get the result.2.1n a mans mind,the heaviest color is,then.3.The scientist told us that colors have not only but also.4.1f a person walks out of a green room into a room or a
14、,his body temperature will rise.5.If you stay in a room with red windows,wallpapers and furniture for two hours,youll feel youve been there forfour hours because.【解题思路点拨】这是一篇有关颜色的科普小品文。实验表明，在人的感觉中，颜色不仅具有重量，而且还有气味。更为有趣的是，不同的颜色对人的心情、健康还有影响呢。1 .First,put two objects with the same weight into two boxes,
15、second,cover the box。通读第二自然段，很容易理解该实验的四个步骤：首先是将两个重量相同的物体分别放进盒子里。然后将盒子盖上。接下来用一张红色纸将其中的一只盒子包匕另一只盒子用白色的纸。最后是将这两个盒子放在手中掂一-掂。由此可得答案。2.red,blue,green,orange,yellow and white 在人的意识中，不同颜色的重量是不同的。这是一位科学家在经过多次实验得出的结论。第三自然段最末一句即是实验结果，也正是这个题目的答案。3.weight,smello 本小题出自第三自然段中的A scientist found that different color
16、s have different weight in aman,s mind.”一句和第四自然段首句的The scientist told us that colors also have smell.”这句话中。要注意理解试题中的关联词not only.but also（不仅.而且.）。4.blue,re d,这是一道较深层次的理解题目，必须认真审读文章末尾所给出的例子。这个例子是：如 果 个人从一个用红色装饰的房间里出来，进入一个蓝色房间，他的体温将会下降。山此，我们可以联想到生活常识，红色属于暖色，蓝色属于冷色。而题目说的是这个人的体温上升了，显然他是从一个用冷色装饰的房间到了 个由暖色
17、装饰的房间。由此就可找到答案。5.So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you like.Or youll be nervous or even get ill.。这道题的难度颇大。该试题就是关于短文最后一段讲的例子的：如果在一个红色窗子，勿:色壁纸和红色家具的房间里呆上两个小时，感觉就像是四个小时一样。表面上看，这其中的原因并没有提及。认真思考实验的结果和“differentcolors have different weight in a mans mind.,It reaches our brain throu
18、gh sense organs.,That is because everycolor stands for（代表）a kind of light with a certain wavelength.以及So your body and mind will be healthy by usingthe colors you like.Or you，H be nervous or even get ill.”这几句话可知。人的体温和意识是随着颜色的不同而改变的。即是答案 So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colors you l
19、ike.Or youll be nervous or even get ill.。Passage 3Clem Quinn was always interested in flying.When he was five,he tried to fly by jumping off the garden shed（小棚）with a golf umbrella,but when he was in his twenties he didnt become a pilot（飞行员），he became a taxi driver.Then20 years ago he did a parachut
20、e（跳伞）jump and loved it.He thought that being a taxi driver in London was a lot moredangerous than jumping out of plane,so he moved to the country to leam parachute jumping and sky-diving.He says:“I love sky-diving because the world looks so good-blue sky,green fields,white clouds.You float（漂浮）throug
21、hthe air;Its like floating in water.You can see forever,all the way to the French coast（海岸）.The scenery is beautiful.You can forget all your worries.People think it is dangerous but its very safe.Football is much more dangerous.Footballers often have accidents.When did you last hear of a skydiving a
22、ccident?Next July Im going to do a skydivewith 100 people from six planes.Thats a record.Tm never going to give up.Im going to jump of planes until Im anold man.根据短文意思，将下列句子补充完整。每空一词。1.What job did he do when he was in his twenties?When he was in his twenties,he didnt become a pilot,he a t axi.2.Why
23、 does he like the sport?He loves the sport because he loves the scenery in the.3.Whals the record according to the passage?There are a people and planes taking part in the sky dive.（选自2003年湖北省黄冈市试题）【解题思路点拨】这是一篇关于跳伞运动员Clem Quinn的故事。Clem Quinn从小就对飞行很感兴趣，可他二十我岁时并没有成为一名飞行员，而是成为了一名出租车司机。不过二十年前他迷恋上跳伞。Clem
24、 Quinn说他喜爱跳伞不仅仅是这项运动更安全，而且还可以从中享受到大自然的景色，那种感觉真是美不胜收。1.became,driver.非常明显，这道题考查的是文中的原话。不过，根据题意，答案也可以是drove,instead。2.enjoying（watching）,sky.“他为什么喜欢跳伞这一个运动项目呢？”从“I love sky-diving because the worldlooks so good-blue sky,green fields,white clouds.和The scenery is beautiful.”这两句话中，不难看出他喜爱欣赏（观看）空中的美景。3.hu
25、ndred,six.答案就在Next July Im going to do a skydive with 100 people from six planes.”句中。做题时,要注意将文中的阿拉伯数字改用英语单词表达。值得注意的是，除了“完成句子”式之外，有些省市还采用“短文改写填空”的形式来考查学生的阅读理解能力。这是比较难的种命题形式。它要求考生必须牢固掌握所学的知识，弄清楚文章的大意，而且还要具备较强的概括能力。“短文改写填空”型阅读理解题的解答技巧是：首先，通读全文，对文章的大意有个初步的了解。同时找出文章中的关键句，在有限的时间内迅速抓住文章的要点。然后，纵览缩写后的短文，在了解其
26、大意的同时，确定所要填写的内容，即词语或短语是否与已知文段中的相一致。填写时，一定要仔细。比如，有的属于固定搭配，有的句子是文中原句的同义句，这些只要稍加注意，就可避免出错。同时还要注意动词时态、人称、名词单复数是否有误，首字母是否大写，句子的主谓搭配是不是合理等。最后，将改写后的文章再通读一遍。看看改写后的短文是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾到原文，看改写后的短文是否与原文意思相符合。请看下面的例文：My grandfather was a teacher.He was the headmaster of a school for boys between the ages of thi
27、rteen andeighteen.I know that he was a kind man because when I was young（and he was old.）,he gave me presents,and sat meon his knees（膝盖），and told me stories.But I believe（相信）the boys at his school were afraid of him.At school,when he walked into a room full of noisy boys,they stopped talking at once
28、.When he looked at a boywith a certain（某种）look in his eyes,that boy was red in the face,and looked down at his shoes.If a boy brought himpoor,careless work,my grandfather picked up the boys book and threw it across the room,shouting,44Do it all again,and bring it back first thing in the morning!”If
29、the boy was late,or if he forgot to bring his work,he had to do it again,and again,and yet again.My grandfather never forgot.At school,he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home.根据短文内容改写，每个空格只限填写一个单词。When I was young,I studied at a 1 school.We were all 2thirteen and eighteen
30、.Our headmaster was 3 oldman.He was kind,but all of 4 were afraid of him.For example,we were playing,talking and laughing 5 he camein,at once,the classroom became quiet.If a boy didnt 6 his homework well or carefully,he would be very 7,andasked the boy to do it again and 8.But his 9 told he never di
31、d things 10 that at home.（选 自2003年吉林省试题）【解题思路点拨】这篇短文的主要意思是：祖父是某男子学校的校长。在我的眼里，他是一位和蔼可亲的人。不过，在学校里，学生们都怕他。每当他走进教室，喧哗声就会马上停止。如果哪位同学作业不认真，他就会把作业本扔出去，叫嚷着让他重做1 .boyso 答案就在短文的第一句话之中。但要注意词形的转换，这里要用名词所有格形式。2.betweeno 文章第一句中的“.of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen.”是答案的依据。3.ano这个小题比较简单
32、，用不着联系短文内容，仅凭语法知识就能解答。old以元音音素开头，所以填写不定冠词ano4.uso 由“But 1 believe the boys at his school were afraid of him.”可知孩子们都害怕他。短文是以第一人称的 口吻写的，而改写的短文则是以学生们的身份写的。弄清了这一点，此空即能做出。5.when。短文第二自然段开头的那句话同样是一个以when引导的时间状语从句。6.do/finish0由“If a boy brought him poor,careless work”这句话，不难联想到是学生没有认真做（完成）作业。7.angryo 由“If a
33、boy brought him poor,careless work,my grandfather would pick up the boys book and throw itacross the room,shouting.”这句话可知，如果某个男孩没有很好地完成作业，祖父就会把那位学生的书本扔到外面，并大声训斥他重做。显然，祖父是因为生气了才这么做的。8.againo 由“If the boy was late,or if he forgot to bring the work,he would have to do it again,and again,and yetagain.”这句话可以确定此空要填写again 一词。9.grandsono原文是从the headmaster的孙子的角度，写爷爷在学校与在家里的不同表现的，联系第一自然段和“At school,he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home.”这句话，可知填写 grandson 是最恰当的。lO.likeo通常全文，可知作者想表达的意思是“祖父在学校里的表现与在家中的表现截然不同”。换言之，则是“祖父在学校的表现从来都不象在家中的样子”。由此可以得出这里要填介词like（像一样）。