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1、八年级英语下册重点语法和短语 八年级下册重点语法和短语Unit 1 Will people ha ve robots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用do/does的一般将来时态形式：(sha ll/will)dodo/does的一般将来时态的被动语态：(sha ll/will)be done一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句彳列句：People will ha ve robots in a few yea rs.否定句例句：People(will not/wont)ha ve robots in a few yea rs.般疑问句例句：Will people ha ve robot
2、s in a few yea rs?特殊疑问句例句：Wha t will people ha ve in a few yea rs?重点短语：wont=will nottheyll=they willshell=she willhell=he willIll=I willfa ll in love with(sb./sth.)爱上(某人/某物)be a ble to do sth,能够做某事come true 实现in the future 未来hundreds o f数以百计的thousa nds o f数以千计的look for(sb./sth.)寻找(某人/某物)w illw o u l
3、d情态动词w ill的原形和过去式ma y-m ight情态动词m a y的原形和过去式Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）Look a t the title a nd picture,a nd predict wha t you will rea d a bout.（看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。）This helpsyou get rea dy to a cquire new informa tion.（这样可以帮助你获得些新的信息。)Unit 2 What should I do?重点语法：过去将来时态(将来时态的委婉说法)do/does的过去将来时态形式：(
4、shouki/would)dodo/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(shoukl/wouH)bedone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:肯定句彳列句：You should write a letter to him.否定句例句：You shouldnt write a letter to him.一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?特殊疑问句例句：Wha t should I do?重点短语：keep sb.o u t不让某人进入Wha ts wrong?=Wha ts the ma tter?=Wha ts the problem?怎么
5、了？out of style不时髦的；过时的ca ll sb.u p给某人打电话pa y for sth.为某事付款pa rt-time jo b兼职工作the sa me a s=be sa me(to/with)与.同样in style时髦的；流行的get on well with sb.=get a long well with s b.与某人相处（好）didnt=did notcouldnt=could nota s.a s possible 尽可能.(eg/a s soon a s possible 尽快)a ll kinds o f各种;许多on the one ha nd 一方面
6、on the other ha nd 另一方面a sk sb.for sth.=a sk sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事a sk sb.not to do sth.请求某人不要做某事spend(money)on sth.=spend(money)in doing sth,花钱做某事sth.cost sb.(money)某人花钱为了某事ta ke sb.sometime to do sth.花某人时间做某事find out 查明find sb.doing sth.发现某人做某事be a ngry with sb.生某人的气be a ngry a t sth.生某事的气the sa me
7、 a ge a s=a s old a s 与某人年龄一样ha ve fight with s b.与某人打架lea rn to do sth.学会做某事not.until.直至U.才compa re sth.(A)with sth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较its time for sth.=its time to do sth.到该做某事的时间 了ma ybe a dv,或许ma ybe（情态动词+动词原形）可能是sha ll should情态动词sh a ll的原形和过去式pa y pa id-p a id动 词p a y的原形、过去式和过去分词Rea ding Stra te
8、gy（阅读方法）You will lea rn to use new words better if you use a lea rnersdictiona ry.（时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。）A bilingua l dictiona ry sometimes gives the wrongmea ning for the situa tion you wa nt.（在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。）Unit 3 Wha t were you doing when the UFO a rrived?重点语法：过去进行时态do/does的过
9、去进行时态形式：（wa s/were）doingdo/does的过去进行时态的被动语态：（wa s/were）beingdone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I wa s wa lking down the street when a UFO la nded否定句例句：I wa snt wa lking down the street when a UFO la nded.一般疑问句例句：Were you wa lking down the street when a UFOla nded?特殊疑问句例句：Wha t were you doing when a UFO
10、la nded?动 词w hen利w hile的选择：w hen后加瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。例句：The boy wa s wa lking down the street when the UFO la nded.=While the boy wa s wa lking down the street,the UFO la nded.感叹句结构：How+a dj.+the+主 语4-谓语动词=(2)Wha t+(a/a n)+a dj.+n.+主语+谓语动词例句:Wha t a bea utiful flower it is!=How bea utiful the flower
11、is!Wha t bea utiful flowers they a re!=How bea utiful the flowers a re!重点短语：get o u t出去；离开ta ke off 起飞run a w a y逃跑；跑掉come in进来hea r a bout=hea r of 听说ta ke pla ce 发生a s.a s 像.一样（eg/a s old a s him 像他一样老）a nywhere=everywhere=here a nd there 任 彳 可 上 也 方think a bout 考虑think of 认为get up=get out of the
12、bed 起床a t the doctors 在诊所every da y 每一天everyda y a d j,日常的most a d j.大部分the m ost最多的in spa ce在太空中na tiona l h ero民族英雄a ll over the world=in the world 全世界Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）The title ca n be helpful for you to understa nd a text.（篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。）Its a lso a good idea to rea d thefirst sentenc
13、e of ea ch pa ra gra ph before you rea d（在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。）Unit 4 He sa id I wa s ha rd-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主 语+谓语动词+宾语从句（主 语+谓语动词+宾语/表语）例句：-Im good a t English.He sa ys.（改为加宾语从句的复合句）-He sa ys Im good a t English.注意：主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句：He sa ys Im good a t English now.He sa ys I w
14、a s good a t ma thema tics when I wa s young.主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句：He sa id I wa s good a t ma thema tics when I wa s youngyesterda y.He sa id I wa s good a t English now yesterda y.宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句：Our tea cher sa ys 24 hours ma ke a da y.Our tea cher sa id the sun gives us so ma ny energyye
15、sterda y.动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-in g形式。例句：She sa id helping others cha nged her life.重点短语：direct speech直接引语reported speech=indirect speech 间接弓 I语first of a ll=a t first 首先pa ss o n 传递be supposed to do sth.应该做某事be good a t=do well in 在某方面做得好in good hea lth身体健康get over 克服open u p打开ca re for=ta ke ca re of=loo
16、k a fter 照料；照顾not a ny more=not a ny longer=no longer 不再ha ve a cold 感冒end-of-yea r exa m 年终考试get nervous变得紧张forget to do sth.忘记做某事（该事未做）forget doing sth.忘记做某事（该事已做）its+a dj.+for sb.+to do sth.做某事 对某人来说.（加形容词）context上下文Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）First rea d for mea ning,not for deta il（首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文
17、段的细节部分。）You ca n understa nd the mea ning of aword you dont know from the context.（至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit 5 If you go to the pa rty,youll ha ve a grea t time!重点语法：i f引导的条件状语从句结构：主 句+if 4-条件状语从句if 4-条件状语从句+(comma)+主句注意：在i f引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：Youll ha ve a grea t time if you g
18、o to the pa rty.=If you go to the pa rty,youll ha ve a grea t time.重点短语：ta ke a w a y拿走a round the world=a ll over the world 在世界各地ma ke a living 谋生a ll the time=a lwa ys 一直Wha ts the problem?=Wha ts the ma tter?=Wha ts wrong?怎么了？in order to do sth.为 了 做某事ma ke sb.do sth.使得某人做某事（t o省略，该结构是一个不 带t o的不定
19、式。）ma ke sb.a d j.使得某人.（加形容词）ma ke sb.done使得某人被做be fa mous for 为.而出名be fa mous a s 作为.而出名in cla ss在课堂上spend.(time/money)on sth.=spend.(time/money)indoing sth.花.（时间/钱）用于做某事see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）see sb.doing sth.看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）sa y sa id t sa id动 词 sa y的原形、过去式和过去分词tell-told-told动 词te ll的原形、过去式和过
20、去分词ea t-a te-ea ten动 词e a t的原形、过去式利过去分词spea k-spoke-spoken动 词spea k的原形、过去式和过去分词Unit 6 How long ha ve you been collecting shells?重点语法：现在完成进行时态do/does的现在完成进行时态形式：ha ve/ha s been doingdo/does的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：ha ve/ha s beenbeing done现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。I ha ve been in
21、 Junior School for 3 yea rs.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。I ha ve been ma king progress since he ta lked with me tha t time.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:肯定句彳列句：I ha ve been ska ting for five hours.否定句例句：I ha vent been ska ting for five hours.一般疑问句例句：Ha ve you been ska ting for five hours?特殊疑问句例句：How long ha ve you
22、been ska ting?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？How long ha ve you been keeping this book?重点短语：run out o f 用完；用尽by the w a y顺便说说be interested in doing sth.对某事感兴趣more tha n 比.多fa r a w a y在远处would like to do sth.=wa nt to do sth.=feel like doing sth.想要做某事send sb.sth.=send sth.to s b,把某物赠送给某人in fa ct实际
23、上room房 间（用于可数名词）；空 间（用于不可数名词）common t more common the most common 形容词common的原级、比较级和最高级Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）Let your eyes sca n the text quickly to find deta ils tha t yourelooking for.（在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。）You ca n find informa tion quickly withoutrea ding the whole text.（这样你就不用细读整篇文
24、章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。）Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?重点语法：mind ones doing sth,介 意（某人）做某事重点短语：not a t a ll 一点也不turn down调节使音量变小right a wa y=in a minute=a t once 立亥I；马上wa it in lin e排队等候cut in lin e插队等候ha snt=ha s notkeep.down压低声音;使缓和a t first=first of a ll 首先ta ke ca re当心；小心ta ke ca re of=ca
25、 re a bout=took a fter 关心；照顾brea k the rule 违规obey the rule遵守规定put o u t熄灭pick sth.u p捡起某物wa it for s b.等候某人depend o n 依赖；依靠get ba ck=return 要回mea n-mea nt m ea nt动词 mea n 的原形、过去式和过去分词Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）As we rea d,we need to find topic sentences.（在我们阅读的时候,我们需要寻找“主题语句”,也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。）These sen
26、tences usua lly gives us a summa ry,or overa llmea ning of ea ch pa ra gra ph a nd help us understa nd wha t thepa ra gra ph is a bout.（这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”,或者每个文段的全部意思，来帮助我们理解段落大意。）After thetopic sentence comes more deta il a nd expla na tion.（当 主题语句出现后，该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。）Unit 8 Why dont you get her
27、 a sca rf?重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事why dont you do sth.=why not do sth.例句：Why dont you get her a ca mera?=Why not get her aca mera?wha t a bout=how a bout例句：How a bout some tennis ba lls?=Wha t a bout sometennis ba lls?重点短语：fa ll a sleep入睡give a w a y赠送；分发hea r of=hea r a bout 听说ta ke a n interest in=be
28、interested in 对.感兴趣ma ke friends with 与.交友ma ke progress取得进步keep kept t kep t动 词keep的原形、过去式和过去分词feed-fed-fe d动 词feed的原形、过去式和过去分词fa ll fell t fa llen 动词 fa ll的原形、过去式和过去分词hea r-hea rd-hea rd 动词h ea r的原形、过去式和过去分词Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）To understa nd the importa nt idea s from the text,we mustsumma riz
29、e”.（为了了解文段最主要的意图，我们必须要进行总结。）Do this by a nswering who,wha t,where,why questions a syou rea d.(在阅读时，常注意回答时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题，达到总结的目的。)Unit 9 Ha ve you ever been to a n a musement?重点语法：现在完成时态do/does的现在完成时态形式：(ha ve/ha s)donedo/does的现在完成时态的被动语态：(ha ve/ha s)beendone现在完成时态主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。例句：我去年去过美国，那是我第一次
30、出国。I ha ve ever been to America.Its the first time for me to goa broa d.重点短语：ha ve a grea t time=ha ve a good time=ha ve fun=enjoy oneself玩得高兴on boa rd在船上end up doing sth.结束做某事a ll yea r round=a ll over the yea r 终年understa nd-understood understood 动词 understa nd的原形、过去式和过去分词Rea ding Stra tegy（阅读方法）A
31、fter rea ding,write down three or more things you ha ve lea rned.（在阅读整篇文章之后，把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。）Wea lwa ys remember things better if we ta ke time to reflect.（如果我们花时间去思考一些问题的话，那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。）Unit 10 Its a nice da y,isnt it?重点语法：反意疑问句反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。例 句:Hes a student,isnt he?Shes n
32、ot his mother,is she?回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须 用 y e s 回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用n o 回答。例句：你还没有准备好，对吧？Youre not rea dy,a re you?是的，我没有准备好。No,Im not.不，我准备好了。Yes,I a m.重点短语：look through浏览come along出现；发生get along 相处at least 至少at m ost至多a thank-you note 感谢信forget-*forgot-forgotten 动词 forget 的原形、过去式和过去分词little
33、less lea st形容词little的原级、比较级和最高级ma ny/much-more most 形容词 ma ny/much 的原级、比较级和最高级 P a rti根据中文写出英语拼写（共30分，每小题1分）初中基础词汇与句型练习（1）1.反对_ _ _ _ _2.尽管_ _ _ _ _地区_ _ _ _ _4.河岸，银行_ _ _ _ _ 5.大写的，首 都 一世纪，百年_ _ _ _ _7.机会_ _ _ _ _8.阶级_ _ _ _ _清除_ _ _ _ _3.6.9.百_ _ _ _ _ _Pa rtI I 写出下面单词的中文意思、第三人称单数、过去式和过去分 词（共 40分，
34、每小题2 分）1 0.覆盖_ _ _ _ _ _1 1.导演_ _ _ _ _ _12.等-个 _ _ _ _ _ _1 3.结尾_ _ _ _ _ _1 4.陪伴，公司_ _ _ _ _ _15.足够的_ _ _ _ _ _1 6.例子_ _ _ _ _ _17.指望，期望_ _ _ _ _ _18.害怕，恐惧_ _ _ _ _1 9.胶卷_ _ _ _ _ _2 0.决赛，最终的_ _ _ _ _ _ 21.跟随_ _ _ _ _ _2 2.格式，表格_ _ _ _ _ _.2 3.一般的，将军_ _ _ _ _ _ 24.政府_ _ _ _ _ _2 5.地面_ _ _ _ _ _26.
35、传递_ _ _ _ _ _27.发生_ _ _ _ _ _2 8.努力地，硬的_ _ _ _ _ 2 9.人类的_ _ _ _ _ _30.describe过去分词a llow汉语三单过去式a ppea rbea tbrea kbuildbuyca rrycostdiedra wexperiencefa llfeelfindgetgrowhea rhitholdPa rt I I I写出下面单词的形容词形式及形容词的中文意思（共10分，每小题1分）形容词汉语形容词 汉语a ct _ a rmcha nge _ colourdie _ experiencefriend _ hea lthhel
36、p_ hopePa rT I V写出下面单词的名词形式及名词的中文意思（共20分,每小题1分）名词汉语 名词汉语a blea ccepta cta greea ppea rbelievebuildhighdecidedescribedevelopdiedifferent _-_ difficult _expectfa ilflyforeignfreeca re初中基础句型练习重要句型：a s soon a s-*;(not)a s/so a s；a sk sb.to do sth.1.我一收到你的电子邮件，就告诉叔叔。I 1 1 tell your uncle a bout it Iget y
37、our e-ma il2.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you plea se ca ll me_?-3.请尽快完成作业。Plea se finish your homework4.我一看见他就告诉他这件事。1,1 1 tell him a bout it I see him.5.林涛一离开学校就去了南方。Lin Ta o went to the south6.王老师一到教室就将要告诉我们为上课做好准备。_ thecla ssroom.7.六月的考试一结束，我父母就带我去大连度假。_theexa mina tion in June is over.8.他一到加拿大就把电话打了过来。H
38、e ca lled us Ca na da.9.我一到那儿就把这个MP4给他。I 1 1 give him thisMP4.10.请你一到家就给我打电话好吗？Will you plea se ca ll me?11.妈妈让你尽快完成作业，以便晚上和她去看电影。Mother told so tha t you could go tothe cinema with her.12.每天早晨铃儿一响我就很快起床。I get up very quickly everymorning the bell rings.13.你尽快看完这本书好吗？Would you plea se a ssoon a s po
39、ssible?14.汤姆和麦克一样高。Tom is Mike.15.刘翔和姚明一样闻名全国。Liu Xia ng Ya o Ming a llover China.16.对我来说，篮球和足球一样有趣。For me,ba sketba ll is footba ll.17.北京的冬天和纽约一样冷。The winter in Beijing is tha t inNew York.1 8.妈妈昨天要我为考试做准备。Yesterda y Mother_ the exa ms.附加题1.一些学生学习英语不如学习数学那么努力。2.我的英语一直没有Mike好，尽管我一上小学就开始学英语。3.在交通高峰时段
40、，有时开车没有骑车快。4.生病的同学身体刚一好转就回来参加训练。5.成功并不像你想象的那么难。参考答案初中基础词汇练习P a rti根据中文写出英语拼写1.反对 a ga inst2.尽管 a lthough3.地 区a rea4.河岸，银 行ba nk5.大写的，首 都ca pita l6.世纪，百年century7.机会 cha nce8.阶级 cla ss9.清除clea r1 0.覆盖 cover1 1.导演 director12.每一个ea ch1 3.结 尾end1 4.陪伴，公司compa ny1 5,足够的enough1 6.例子 exa mple1 7.指望，期望expect
41、18.害怕，恐惧fea r1 9.胶卷 film2 0.决赛，最终的fina l21.跟 随follow2 2.格式，表 格form23.一般的，将军genera l24.政府 government2 5.地面 ground26.传递 ha nd2 7.发生 ha ppen2 8.努力地,，硬的ha rd2 9.人类的huma n,3 0.百 hundredPa rtI I写出下面单词的中文意思、第三人称单数、过去式和过去分 词（共40分,每小题2分）汉语三单 过去式过去分词a llow允许a llowsa lloweda lloweda ppea r出现，显得a ppea rsa ppea
42、reda ppea redbea t击败，击打，敲 bea tsbea tbea tenbrea k打破，折断brea ksbrokebrokenbuild建筑，建造buildsbuiltbuiltbuy购买buysboughtboughtca rry搬运ca rriesca rriedca rriedcost价值costscostcostdescribe描写，描述describesdescribeddescribeddie死去diesdieddieddra w绘画dra wsdrewdra wnexperience经历experiencesexperiencedexperiencedfa l
43、l跌倒，掉下fa llsfellfa llenfeel感受，感觉feelsfeltfeltfind发现findsfoundfoundget得到getsgotgotgrow生长，种植growsgrewgrownhea r听到，听说hea rshea rdhea rdhit撞击hitshithithold握住holdsheldheldPa rt III.写出下面单词的形容词形式及形容词的中文意思（共10分，每小题1分）a ct:a ctive 积极的 a rm:a rm ed全副武装的cha nge:cha ngea ble 易变的 colour:cotourful五颜六色的die:dea d/d
44、ying死掉了的/垂死的experience:experienced 有经验的friend:friendly 友好的 hea lth:hea lthy健康的help:helpful/helpless 有帮助的/无助的 hope:hopeful/hopeless满怀希望的/绝望的Pa rt I V写出下面单词的名词形式及名词的中文意思（共20分，每小题2分）名词汉语名词汉语a ble:a bility能力a ccept:a ccepta nce接受a ct:a ction动作a gree:a greement协议，协同，同意a ppea r:a ppea ra nce外表believe:beli
45、ef 信仰build:building/builder建筑物/建筑者high:height局度decide:decision决定describe:description描述develop:devefopment发展die:dea th死亡，死神differentdifference差异，不同difficultdifficulty困难expectexpecta tion展望fa il:fa ilure失败fly:flight飞行，航班foreign:foreigner外国人free:freedom自由ca re:ca refulness/ca relessness 细心/粗心初中基础句型练习：1
46、.a s soon a s2.a s soon a s you get to/a rrive in/rea ch Sha ngha i3.a s soon a s possible4.a s soon a s5.a s soon a s he left school6.Mr Wa ng will tell us to get rea dy for cla ss a s soon a s heenters/gets into/comesinto/goes into7.My pa rents will ta ke me to Da lia n for holida y a s soon a s8.
47、a s soon he got to/a rrived in/rea ched9.a s soon a s I get there10.a s soon a s you get home11.you to finish your homework a s soon a s possible12.a s soon a s13.finish rea ding the book14.a s ta ll a s15.is a s fa mous a s16.a s interesting a s17.a s cold a s18.a sked me to get rea dy for附加题1.Some
48、 students don t study English a s ha rd a s they do onMa th.2.Although I bega n to lea rn English a s soon a s I went toprima ry school,my English isnot a s good a s Mike?s.3.To drive is not a s fa st a s riding a bike in rush hours.4.The sick students got ba ck to join in tra ining a s soon a sthey
49、 got better.5.Success is not a s ha rd a s wha t you ima gine.八 年 级（上）英语教学工作总结华 强 学 校 岳 贞 刚一学期的时光转瞬即逝。在过去的时光中，有过辛酸，有过欢乐；有过彷徨，也有收获，在荆棘中坎坷而行。在各级领导的关心帮助下，在老师们的大力支持下，我较好地完成了我的本职工作。为了能在以后的工作中更好地发挥自己的优势，及时总结经验，吸取教训，总结前段工作如下:首先，在思想政治方面，我忠诚党的领导，热爱党的教育事业，发扬奉献精神，严格执行教育方针，尽职尽责，教书育人；同时面向全体学生，热爱、尊重、了解和严格要求学生，不歧视
50、、挖苦他们，循循善诱，诲人不倦；要求学生做到的，自己首先做到，以身作则，为人师表。同时处处以 教师职业道德规范来约束自己的言行，认真参加政治学习，不断提高自身的政治素质。其次，本人能够严格执行学校的作息时间，不早退，不迟到,按时上下班，从不因为个人问题耽误上课，出满勤，干满点，给学生做了极好的表率。第三，在教育教学工作中，本人积极认真学习新大纲、新教材，将教材、教法、学法尽可能完美地结合，积极、认真备好每个教案，上好每一节课，充分发挥课堂40分钟的作用，尽可能减轻学生的课业负担，同时积极学习钻研名师、专家的教育、教学理论，探索适合班级的教育方法、教育模式。与此同时，向身边的有经验的教师学习，积