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1、初中英语语法学习之倒装句用法解析与考点分析1. 倒装概念：通常英语句子中的主语是在谓语动词之前，这种语序称为自然语序;反之，如果谓语动词在主语之前，这种语序就称为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为部分倒装(即把谓语动词的助动词移至主语之前)和全部倒装(即把整个谓语动词置于主语之前)。2. 倒装分类：1) 全部倒装(1) there 引出的完全倒装句：除了最常见的 there be 句型以外， there 还可以接 appear to be, happen to be, seem to be, exist, lie, remain, stand 等，一般都译成“有”，构成完全倒装句。如：There see
2、ms to be no need to go now.Long long ago, there lived a king.(2) here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首，谓语动词是 be, come, go, lie, run 时，用全部倒装结构。如：There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.(3) 当表示趋向或地点的状语置于句首，且谓语是表示运动的动词时，用全部倒装结构。如：Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sa
3、t an old woman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语如果是人称代词时，则不用倒装结构。如：Here he comes.Away they went.(4) 为了句子平衡或强调某一成分，有时将表语置于句首而使用全部倒装结构。如：Gone are the days when we lived in the countryside.Present at the meeting are my friends from South America.2) 部分倒装(1) 在 so (肯定句)， neither 和 nor (否定句)引起的句子中，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时，用部分倒装结
4、构。如：I went there yesterday. So did he.Tom doesnt like bananas. Neither (Nor) do I.但如果只是重复前面一句话的意思，主语指的是同一人或物，则不用倒装。如： It was cold yesterday. So it was.(2) “ only + 状语”位于句首被强调时，用部分倒装结构，如果only强调状语从句，要倒装主句，而非从句。如：Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did he realize that he was wrong.Only
5、 when the war was over could he go on studying.(3) 否定谓语的副词或实际否定谓语的不定代词位于句首，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarcely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, no one, none, few或实际否定谓语的介词短语位于句首，如 in no way, on no account, at no time, in no case, by no means, not until 等，句子用部分倒装结构。如：Never in my life
6、 have I heard such a thing.At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 在任何时间或情况下中国都不会首先使用核武器。Little do I know about him.Not until then did he come and help.Nobody will he turn to for help.注意： 否定介词短语如果实际不是否定谓语，则不能倒装。如：In no time (=very soon) he will be back.
7、Not until后跟状语从句时，需要倒装的是主句。如：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.(4) 当句子以 not only but also, no sooner than, hardly / scarcely when 结构中连接的是两个分句时，not only / no sooner / hardly / scarcely后的分句用部分倒装结构。如：Hardly / Scarcely had he got on the bus when he heard a shout.No sooner had
8、I gone to sleep than the telephone rang.Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house.(5) 在 so (such ) that 结构中， so 或 such 位于句首时，其所在分句用部分倒装结构。如：So angry was he that he couldnt speak.So fast did he run that I could hardly catch up with him.(6) 非真实条件句中，if sb / sth should do / were
9、(to do) / had done可以倒装成should sb / sth do, were sb / sth, had sb / sth done。如：Had I been less busy, I could have helped you.Should the weather become worse, I would stay at home.Were I a man, I would have bigger ambitions.3. 练习1) 更正下列句子语序错误：(1) Out the children rushed. (Out rushed the children!)(2)
10、Look! Here the bus comes! (Here comes the bus!)(3) So busy she is that she has no time to spare. (Sois she that)(4) He is not coming. Neither I am. (Neither am I.)(5) Few friends he has in the town. (Few friends does he have)(6) In no case we will give up our efforts. (In no case will we give)(7) Wi
11、th nobody helping around did I still manage to get stuck car movingt. (I still managed)(8) Not until did I wake up I found him gone. (Not until I woke up did I find him gone.)(9) Only where are there Chinese they can find help. (Only where there are Chinese can they find)(10) Between Britain and Ire
12、land lies it. (Betweenit lies.)1.By the side of the Birds Nest_，completed in 2008.A.there standing the Water CubeB.does the Water Cube standC.the Water Cube standsD.stands the Water Cube解析：考查倒装。由于地点状语前置，句子应采用全部倒装语序，即把整个谓语放在主语之前。语境为：鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。【答案】D2.Many people agree that never in history_a
13、more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.A.there wereB.has there beenC.there has beenD.were there解析：考查倒装结构。在从句中，否定副词never置于句首，所以要用部分倒装。【答案】B3.Not a single word_when he left home and joined the army in 1941.A.did he leaveB.left heC.did leave heD.he left解析：考查倒装语序。not a single w
14、ord位于句首时，句子的主语与谓语应该使用部分倒装语序。【答案】A4.We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case_from practice.A.should theory separateB.should theory be separatedC.theory should separateD.theory should be separated解析：考查倒装结构。从in no case可知，后面的句子应用部分倒装，同时theory和separate为动宾关系，应用被动结构，故选B项。【答案】
15、B5.Can I smoke here?No.In no circumstances_in the library.A.smoking permitsB.smoking is permittedC.does smoking permitD.is smoking permitted解析：考查倒装句。in no circumstances 表示否定，意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首时，句子要倒装，由此排除A、B两项;根据句意可知，permit应该用于被动语态，所以D项正确。【答案】D6. Only when class began_that he had left his book at
16、 home.A.will he realizeB.he did realizeC.did he realizeD.should he realize解析：考查倒装句，当only+状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。【答案】C7. Little_about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.A.did scientists knownB.scientists have knownC.have scientists knownD.had scien
17、tists known解析：本题考查时态和倒装。根据关键词so far，可以确定用现在完成时，故排除A、D两项;little表示否定，放句首要倒装。【答案】C8. “By no means，” declared the captain.“_give way to disappointment.”A.we wouldB.we willC.might weD.shall we解析：考查倒装句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒装，根据句意应该用shall we。【答案】D9. -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?-I dont know,
18、 _.A. nor dont I careB. nor do I careC. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also解析：nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。【答案】B。10. _，she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.A.A quiet student as she may beB.Quiet as she may be a studentC.Be a quiet student as she mayD.Quiet student as she may be解析：考查倒装 结构。句意为：尽管她是个寡言的学生，但回家后关于她喜欢的歌手她也谈了很多。该倒装结构为：adj.+n.(单数)+as+主语+谓语。【答案】D学科网（北京）股份有限公司