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1、涉外合同格式涉外合同按繁简不同尽可以采取不同书面形式如正式合同Contract、协议书Agreement、确认书Confirmation、备忘录Memorandum、订单Order等等但是一般都包含如下几个局部： 一、合同名称Title二、Preamble1. 订约日和地点Date and place of signing2. 合同当事人及其国籍、主营业所或住所Signing parties and their nationalities, principal place of business or residence addresses3. 当事人合法根据Ea partys authori
2、ty比方该是按当地法律正式组织而存在的a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of XXX4. 订约缘由/说明条款Recitals or WHEREAS clause三、本文Body1. 定义条款Definition clause2. 根本条款Basic conditions3. 一般条款General terms and conditionsa. 合同有效Durationb. 合同的终止Terminationc. 不可抗力Force Majeured. 合同的让与Assignmente. 仲裁Arbitrationf.
3、 适用的法律Governing lawg. 诉讼辖Jurisdictionh. 手续Noticei. 合同修改Amendmentj. 其它Others四、结尾条款WITNESS clause1. 结尾语包括份数、使用的文字和效力等Concluding sentence2. 签名Signature3. 盖印Seal以上的格式和内容并非一成不变当事人可以根据各自交易情况做出调整或增删。用词方面一、多用正式或法律上的用词比方： At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send tenicians to assist Party B to instal
4、l the equipment.应乙方要求甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。 assist 较 help 正式； The personnel shall not to partake in any political activities in Iraq.所有人员不得参加伊拉克国内的任何活动。partake in 较 take part in 正式； The Employer shall render correct tenical guidance to the personnel.雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。 render 较 give 正式； Party A shall re
5、patriate the patient to ina and bear the cost of his passage to Guangzhou.甲方应将病人遣返中国并负责其返回广州的费。 repatriate 较 send back 正式； This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of ina.本合同受中国法律辖并按中国法律解释。construe 较 explain, interpret 正式； The Employer may object to and require th
6、e Contractor to replace forthwith any of its authorized representatives who is inpetent.雇主认为承包人委派的受权代表不合格时可以反对并要求立即撤换。require较ask正式；体forthwith 较 at once 正式； The airperson may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by one-third of the total number of directors.董事长可以根据过1/3董事的提议而召集临时议。conv
7、ene, interim 都是正式用词。 In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.如一方想或转让其之全部或局部另一方有优先购置权。法律用词assign 较 transfer 正式. In processing transactions, the manufacturers shall never have title either to the materials or
8、 the finished products.加工贸易中厂方无是对原料还是成品都无所有权。 法律用词title 较 ownership 正式. The term Effective date means the date on whi this Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto.生效指双方合同签字的日子。 法律用词execute 较 sign 正式.与口头表述不同合同是法律性的正式书面使用正式的、法律的用词是必要的。合同起草者应多加强这方面的学习。二、多使用heretherewhere等前缀：hereafter = after t
9、his time; 今后hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此herein = in this; 此中于此hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文thereafter = afterwards; 此后后来thereby = by that means; 因此；由此；在那方面therein = from that; 在那里；在那点上thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下；在下文whereby = by what; by whi; 由是；凭那个wherein = in w
10、hat; in whi; 在哪里；在哪点上是不是有点头昏眼花？初学时确实容易搞混告诉你个小窍门here 代表 thisthere 代表 thatwhere 代表 what/whi就容易记多了。三、多用shall代替will或should加强语气和强迫力。 This Contract shall bee effective on and from the date on whi it is signed.本合同签字生效。 This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Ea party shall keep two copies
11、.本合同应以英文写成一式四份双方各持两份。合同中shall并非单纯表示将来时而常用来表示法律上可强迫执行的义务具有约束力宜译为应、应该、必须； will无语气还是强迫力要比shall弱宜译为将、原、要；should通常只用来表示语气较强的假设、比方万一。用语方面一、力求严谨明白无误： The following documents shall be deemed to form and be read and construed as an integral part of this Contract.以下应被认为、读作、解释为本合同的组成局部； This Contract can only
12、be altered, amended or splemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties.本合同只能按照双方受权代表签名盖章的进展修改或增补； All activities of ABC Co. shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of ina.ABC的一切活动必须受中国的法律、法和有关规章的辖。二、多用主动语态少用被动
13、语态： Party B is hereby appointed by Party A as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (不宜)乙方被甲方委托为在新加坡的销售代理商； Party A hereby appoints Party B as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (适宜)甲方委托乙方为在新加坡的销售代理商；三、多用如今时少用将来时尽很多条款规定的是合同签订以后的事项： Licensee may terminate this Contract 90 days after a written
14、notice thereof is sent to Licensor on the happening of one of the following events:当有以下之一发生被答应人提早90天向答应人发送书面后可以终止合同：1. Licensor bees insolvent or a liquidator of Licensor is appointed;答应人无力偿付债务或其破产清算人以被指定；2. The patent described in Article 2 is not issued within 30 days from signing this Contract; a
15、nd第二条规定的专利未在签约后30天之内发布；3. Licensor fails to perform its obligations under this Contract.答应人未能履行其合同义务。四、直接表达方式用得多间接表达方式用的较少： This Article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full. 用得少本条款不适用于尚未全部偿付的债券持有者。 This Article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full. 用得多本条款只适
16、用于已全部偿付的债券持有者。五、尽量使用一个动词防止使用动词+名词+介词的同意短语： Party A shall make an appointment of its representative within 30 days after signing the Contract.甲方应于签约后30天内指派其受权代表。宜用appoint代替 make an appointment of. Party A will give consideration to Party Bs proposal of exclusive agency.甲方愿意考虑乙方代理的建议。宜用consider代替give
17、consideration to.六、以下特殊用语使用频繁：1. WHEREAS 鉴于正式而重要的合同尤其是英美法系的合同多用它在中引出签约背景和目的起连词作用：WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential plex in Baghdad, Iraq;鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼；WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to provide the m
18、anpower for the Works;鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力；2. WITNESS 证明在合同中常用作首句的谓语动词：This Agreement, made by WITNESSESWHEREAS, it is agreed as follows:本协议由签订证明：鉴于特此达成协议如下：3. IN WITNESS WHEREOF 作为所协议事项的证据：该短语常用于合同的结尾条款：IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in dlicate by their duly authorized repre
19、sentatives on the date first above written.作为所协议事项的证据双方受权代表于上面首次写明的日正式签订本协议一式两份。4. IN CONSIDERATION OF 以为约因/报酬约因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一没有那么合同不能依法强迫履行。但是大陆法系的合同那么无此规定。Now Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein, contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:兹以上述各点和契约所载条款为约因订约双方
20、协议如下：In consideration of the payment to be made by Party A to Party B, Party B hereby covenants with Party A to plete the building in conformity with the provisions of the Contract.乙方特此立约向甲方保证按合同规定完成工程建立以获得甲方所付的报酬。5. NOW, THEREFORE 兹特此短语用于WHEREAS条款之后引出详细协议事项的常用开头语并与其后hereby的结合。假如无HEREAS条款那么本短语可略：NOW
21、, THEREFORE, its hereby agreed and understood as follows；兹特协议和谅解如下：6. NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS 兹特立约为据本句话也是用于WHEREAS条款之后引出详细协议事项。PRESENTS = the present writings 是主语WITNESS是谓语：NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS that it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows:兹特立约为据并由订约双方协议如下：7. IN THE PRESENC
22、E OF 见证人本短语只在有见证人时使用-在订约双方当事人签名的下方由见证人签名作证一般是相关的律师Attorney或处Notary Public:IN THE PRESENCE OF the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective hands and seals:作为协议事项的证据订约双方各自签名盖章如下：For and on behalf the first Party甲方代表：The EMPLOYER 雇主Capacity 职位 In the Presence of 见证人 Capacity 职位Address For and
23、 on behalf of the Second party乙方代表:The CONTRACTOR 承包人 Capacity 职位In the Presence of 见证人 Capacity 职位Address .涉外合同的其他表达方式涉外合同还采用以下表达方式使其更加完好、简洁、醒目、构造严谨、主次清楚：1. 采用大小标题、分章、分条、分款、分项书写。2. 使用附录Annex、一览表Sedule等形式详列某些必要的细节作为合同的组成局部。3. 在合同之后使用定义Definition条款-把合同中反复出现的用语加以界定意义并赋予简称既防止解释上的分歧又能使合同简洁：Article 1: De
24、finitions1.1 The Terms as used herein shall have the following meanings: The term Products means the products specified in Annex 2. The term ponents means any assembled or unassembled parts of the Products.4. 合同某些需要强调的局部用大写字母书写以资醒目；This AGREEMENT WITNESSES that WHEREAS and WHEREAS NOW THEREFORE, in
25、consideration of it is hereby agreed as follows:5. 用括+简称的方式把合同中反复出现的重要词语简化以到达准确、简洁的目的：Foreign Advance Broadcasting Ltd of Amsterdam, Holland (hereinafter called LICENSOR) and ina Broadcasting Products Factory (hereinafter called LICENSEE) agree to sign this Contract with the terms and conditions as
26、follows:6. 用数字+文字的方式把合同中某些重要的金额、数量、限等加以强调以资醒目：US $ 4500 (Say US. Dollars Four Thousand Five Hundred only)INVESTOR will assist INESE, PARTY to construct a paper mill in Guangdong Province, ina, with a planned capacity of One Million (1000000) metric tons per year.涉外合同撰写人员的其他考前须知：一、要能草拟多样的涉外合同： 要能写各种标
27、的的合同如以资金、技术、劳务、信息、运输等为标的的合同； 要能写各种贸易方式的合同-不但会写单项贸易合同也要会写包括多项贸易方式的合同如包括商品购置、技术转 让、安装维修培训效劳在内的整套设备进口合同。 要能草拟符合各国法律要求的合同-较为复杂的英美法系的合同；较为简单的大陆法系的合同；有所差异的 法系的合同。二、正确理解和使用合同的形式:涉外合同订立的形式有口头和书面两种使用哪一种要看法律的规定。鉴于我国涉外经济法第七条规定涉外合 同需以书面形式订立所以通过信、电报、 达成的协议也要签订确认书才会受到我国法律的保护。三、简化合同格式和内容:坚持使用书面合同的原那么的同时可以根据实际情况简化合
28、同格式和内容简化的原那么如下： 贸易方式较简单的交易可使用简便的表格式合同-将常用合同工程预先印成表格然后把协商同意的内容逐项填入表中送请对方核对签字； 与大陆法系或其他的商人签约没必要使用英美法系合同中的订约缘由条款。比方可将This Agreement, made WHEREAS and WHEREAS NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of it is hereby agreed as follows:的冗长文句简化为：This Agreement is made It is mutually agreed as follows: 有了签约地点一般可去适用
29、法律和诉讼辖条款； 手续和完好条款假设不是重要正式合同可略； 已有双方合法代表亲笔签字合同可以不再盖印； 注意：合同的根本条款不能略；不要因简化而忽略了合同的合法性、全面性、明确性和严性。四、合同用词和用语的改革:与根底英语相比合同的词语较复杂、繁冗、晦涩、难读。因此国外特别是要求法律的格式和语言应 当现代化的呼声愈来愈强烈。Robert E. Swindle早在1980年出版的The Business municator一书中就写到： legal and quasilegal documents can and are being written in everyday language.
30、Several leading panies are rewriting their legal forms voluntarily, and the State of New York recently passed a law requiring that businesses write consumer contracts in nontenical language. Additionally, the President of the United States has directed all administrative agencies to write future regulations in what he termed plain English for a ange.作为非英美发系的非英语我们应该怎麽应对？Steven认为万事都有个渐变的过程常年累月沉淀下来的习惯不是一下就能改变的。所以我们首先还是应该先通晓传统的英语合同格式和用语在精通的根底上才能谈得上根据实际情况进展进一步的格式和用语方面的改革否那么一切都是经不起推敲的。内容总结（1）合同中shall并非单纯表示将来时而常用来表示法律上可强迫执行的义务具有约束力宜译为应、应该、必须（2）will无语气还是强迫力要比shall弱宜译为将、原、要