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1、Object Clauses 宾宾 语语 从从 句句临夏县中学 教师：康永清一、宾语从句的概念在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句。（通常放在主句谓语动词（通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、（及物动词）、介词或某介词或某些形容词之后。）些形容词之后。）二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what,Whoever,whatever,whichever 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,
2、when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）（一）引导词1 12 23 3e.g.Ihear(that)_.hewillbebackinanhour由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略that不能省略的三种情况（2）用）用it做形式宾语时做形式宾语时 I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.（1）当当that作介词作介词exce
3、pt,inexcept,in,besides宾语时宾语时 They believe in that she must still be single.（3）动词后跟两个或两个以上宾语从句，第一个that可以省，其余的不能省。(07湖南)Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed，andallthelightswereoff，theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.whereB.that由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1.Iwanttoknow_.2.Iwonder_.if(
4、whether)hewillgototheparkwithuswhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。等后。只能用只能用 whether不能用不能用 if 的情况的情况1.在介词后面：在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.2.在动词不定式前在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.)：They asked me whether
5、to go skating.3.当与当与or not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时:I dont know whether or not the report is true.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.Practicetimeif/whether1.I asked her _ sh
6、e had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I wonder _ he is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.Heasked_.2.Youdbettergivethetaskto_.3.Canyoutellme_?whocouldanswerthequestionwhenwellhaveameeting由连接代词由连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,w
7、hat,whoever,whichever,whatever 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句whoevercanfinishitaheadoftime注意：代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任注意：代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。情景对话选择引导词1 Please tell me if/why you want to come to my party.-Id love to come.Thanks!2 I dont know how/why he did
8、it.-Ill show you.3 I am not sure when/whether Tony will come or not.-No,he wont.4 I want to know how long/old he is.-He is ten years old.5 Do you know if/where the orchestra will play?-Yes,in the concert hall in town.6 Can you tell me that/who sings this song?.-Yes,its Robbie Williams.7 Can I ask yo
9、u if/why you like living here?-Because everyone is so friendly.8 Do you know when/what the next English club is?-Yes,its on Thursday,at five oclock.（二）语序（二）语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：引导词引导词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhego
10、tothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句主句+引导词引导词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what,who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg:Idontknowwhats the matter.Canyoutellmewho is over there?C
11、anyoutellmewho he is?做主语做主语做表语做表语vIknowheliveshere.vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.（三）时态（三）时态1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任何时态，主句用一般现在时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情根据实际情况而定况而定。2.2.如如果果主主句句是是一一般般过过去去时时,从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态(一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过过去去将将来来时，过去完成时）时，过去完成时）vIknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhe
12、rmother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenit.Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastnight.3.主句是一般现在时或一般过去时，从句说明的是一主句是一般现在时或一般过去时，从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。Dadoftentellsusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreea
13、ndthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。去时。主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时一般现在时根据句意的需要用任根据句意的需要用任意一种时态意一种时态一般过去时一般过去时与原句相对应的过去与原句相对应的过去的时态的时态 一般现在时、一般过一般现在时、一般过去时去时一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时（客观事实、真理、（客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、自然现象
14、、名言警句、谚语等谚语等）一般过去时一般过去时仍用一般过去时仍用一般过去时（从（从句中有具体的过去时句中有具体的过去时间状语）间状语）1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.
15、(rise)will be goes have returned had been rises三、宾语从句的特殊句式三、宾语从句的特殊句式1.动词+it+adj.+that从句动词动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后等后it为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容词作宾补，而真正的宾语词作宾补，而真正的宾语that从句则放从句则放在句尾）在句尾）We think it our duty that we should help others.I find it impossible that he should finish the wo
16、rk in two days.2.否定转移若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后等，其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。反意疑问部分由从句反意疑问部分由从句决定；主句主语为非第一人称，反意疑问部分由主句决定；主句主语为非第一人称，反意疑问部分由主句决定。决定。I dont think this dress fits you well，我认为他不会来
17、这里我认为他不会来这里I think he wont come here.()I dont think he will come here.()does it？They dont think this dress fits you well，do they?3.常用虚拟语气的宾语从句1.1.表示建议、要求、命令、坚持要求的动词：表示建议、要求、命令、坚持要求的动词：suggest,demand,order,insistsuggest,demand,order,insist等后的宾语从句中等后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气要用虚拟语气:(should)+do:(should)+do2.Wish 2.W
18、ish 后的宾语从句若表示很难实现的愿望时常用后的宾语从句若表示很难实现的愿望时常用虚拟语气虚拟语气 wish that sb had done;wish that sb did;wish that sb would/could/might doTheteachersuggesthe(should)readEnglishaloud.2.She is very brave;I wish I had her courage.3.I wish they would be successful in this ball game.1.I wish I had been able to attend y
19、esterdays meeting.(过去过去)(可惜未能）可惜未能）(当前当前)(将来将来)四、四、Summary (小结）小结）引导词引导词1.that 2.Whether/if 3.3.连接代词或连接副词连接代词或连接副词语语 序序引导词主语谓语引导词主语谓语时时 态态a.a.主句一般现在时，从句根据句意主句一般现在时，从句根据句意b.b.主句一般过去时，从句用相应的过主句一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时去时c.c.主句一般现在时或一般过去时主句一般现在时或一般过去时，从从句一律用一般现在时句一律用一般现在时（客观事实、真理、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等自然现象、名言警句、谚
20、语等）d.d.主句一般过去时，从句仍用一般过主句一般过去时，从句仍用一般过去时去时（从句中有具体的过去时间状语从句中有具体的过去时间状语）一、宾语从句的三要素二、宾语从句的特殊句式1.动词动词+it+adj.+that从句从句2.否定转移否定转移3.常用虚拟语气的宾语从句常用虚拟语气的宾语从句1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.ifC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.
21、A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereDABA高考链接高考链接5.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSale,please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.wh
22、oeverD.nomatterwho7.ProfessorSmithhasinformedusofhisvisittoChina,butIcantremember_ hedidthat.A.whenwasitthatB.whenitwasthatC.thatwhenwasitD.thatitwaswhenCBD8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.IwishI_youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee10.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoCCD