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1、Computer Programming Page No:666Chapter 12:Programming Software Engineering:It is the systematic approach to the development,operation,maintenance and retirement of software.A s/w engineer focuses on the software component of an information system:on software design,programming and design.Computer p
2、rograms Computer program is a set of detailed,step-by-step instructions that tell a computer how to solve a problem or carry out a task.Problem Statement A Good problem statement for a computer program has three characteristics It specifies any assumptions that define the scope of the problemIt clea
3、rly specifies the known informationIt specifies when the problem has been solved.Expressing an algorithm We can express an algorithm in several different ways,including structured English,pseudocode,flowcharts,and object definitions.These tools are not programming languages they cant be proceeded by
4、 computer.Pseudocode is a notational system for algorithms that has been described as“a mixture of English and your favorite programming language”.A Flowchart is a graphical representation of the way that a computer should progress from one instruction to the next when it performs a task.Coding Comp
5、uter Programs A problem statement and an algorithm are often combined into a document called the program specification,which is essentially a blueprint for a computer program.A person who codes or writes computer programs is called a computer programmer.Types of control structures There are three ty
6、pes of control structures.Sequence controls Selection controlsRepetition controlsSequence controls A sequence control structure changes the sequence,or order,in which instructions are executed by directing the computer to execute an instruction elsewhere in the program.Example:GOTO statement.Selection control A selection control structure also referred as“decision structure”or“branch”tells a computer what to do,based on whether a condition is true or false.Example:if.Then else