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1、初中英语外研版八年级下Unit 1 I havent done much exercise since I got my computer.Module 4 Seeing the Module 4 Seeing the doctordoctor学习目标1.Learntoaskonesillnessasadoctor;2.learntodescribeyourillnessasapatient；3.Learnmoreaboutthepresentperfecttense,especiallywith“since”and“for”.Lead in Ask and answer these ques
2、tions with your partner.Do you remember the last time you went to the doctors?What do the doctors always say or ask?cough fever headache stomach ache stomach ache toothache n.咳嗽咳嗽 v.咳嗽咳嗽 n.发烧；发热发烧；发热 n.头痛头痛 n.腹部；肚子腹部；肚子 n.痛；疼痛痛；疼痛胃痛；腹痛胃痛；腹痛 n.牙痛牙痛LearnLearn the words and expressions.ill this since c
3、old catch a cold adj.不健康的；有病的不健康的；有病的 pron.这；这个这；这个 （指刚提到的或显而易见的人（指刚提到的或显而易见的人,物或事实等）物或事实等）prep.自自以来以来 conj.自自以来以来 n.感冒；伤风感冒；伤风 感冒感冒LearnLearn the words and expressions.take take sb.s temperature fast food health v.（用机器）测定，量取，拍摄（用机器）测定，量取，拍摄 （尤指有规律地）吃、喝（尤指有规律地）吃、喝 量某人的体温量某人的体温 快餐食品快餐食品 n.健康（状况）健康（状况
4、）LearnLearn the words and expressions.1.cough n.咳嗽咳嗽 v.咳嗽咳嗽【相关短语】【相关短语】have/get a cough 咳嗽咳嗽eg:The old woman had a bad cough.这位老太太咳嗽得很厉害。这位老太太咳嗽得很厉害。He couldnt stop coughing.他咳嗽不止。他咳嗽不止。LearnLearn the words and expressions.2.fever n.发烧；发热发烧；发热【相关短语相关短语】have/get a fever 发烧；发烧；have a high/low fever 发高
5、烧（低烧）发高烧（低烧）eg:She had/caught a high fever last night.她昨晚发高烧。她昨晚发高烧。LearnLearn the words and expressions.3.headache n.头痛头痛 head（头）（头）+ache(疼，痛）组成复合名词。疼，痛）组成复合名词。类似构成的词语还有类似构成的词语还有:toothache(牙疼牙疼);headache(头疼头疼);backache(背疼背疼)等。等。【相关短语相关短语】have a headache 患头疼患头疼 eg:He had a headache yesterday.他昨天头疼。他
6、昨天头疼。LearnLearn the words and expressions.4.since prep.&conj.自自以来以来since 可作介词或连词，意为可作介词或连词，意为“自自以来以来”，后接表，后接表 示过去的某个时间点的名词或名词短语，以及使用示过去的某个时间点的名词或名词短语，以及使用一般过去时的句子，表示一段时间，常用于完成时态。一般过去时的句子，表示一段时间，常用于完成时态。LearnLearn the words and expressions.eg:She has worked here since 1992自从自从1992 年以来她就在这儿工作。年以来她就在这儿
7、工作。He has taught us since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校就一直教我们。自从他来到我们学校就一直教我们。5.health n.健康健康health是不可数名词。是不可数名词。其形容词形式是其形容词形式是healthy(反义词：反义词：unhealthy)；副词形式是副词形式是healthily。【相关短语相关短语】be good/bad for health 对健康有好处对健康有好处/害处害处;be in good health 很健康很健康;be in bad/poor health 不健康。不健康。LearnLearn the wor
8、ds and expressions.6.ill adj.不健康的；有病的不健康的；有病的ill 在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。【相关短语相关短语】fall ill 患病；患病；be ill in bed 卧病在床卧病在床【拓展拓展】sick也可表示也可表示“生病的生病的”，在句中既可以作表语又可以作定语，在句中既可以作表语又可以作定语，如如“病人病人”可以说可以说a sickman 或或 the sick；但不能说但不能说 an ill man 或或 the ill。eg:She is ill/sick in bed.她卧病在床。她卧病在床。She is loo
9、king after her sick father.她在照顾她生病的父亲。她在照顾她生病的父亲。LearnLearn the words and expressions.cough fever headache stomach ache toothacheedc ba1 Match the words and expression in the box with the pictures.Betty Daming cough fever headache stomach achetoothache 2Listen and check()whats wrong with Betty and D
10、aming.医生常问问题：医生常问问题：1.Whats wrong with you?/Whats the matter with you?你哪儿不舒服吗？你哪儿不舒服吗？2.Are you feeling better?现在感觉好些了吗？现在感觉好些了吗？3.How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了？你像这样有多久了？4.Do you cough?Do you feel tired?你咳嗽吗？觉得疲惫吗？你咳嗽吗？觉得疲惫吗？PracticeDo you know the questions the doctors will ask?3Listen
11、and read.Doctor:HowcanIhelpyou?Daming:Ifeelill.Ivegotastomachacheandmyheadhurts.Doctor:Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?Daming:SinceFriday.Ivebeenillforaboutthreedays!Doctor:Isee.Haveyoucaughtacold?Daming:Idontthinkso.Doctor:LetmetakeyourtemperatureMm,theresnofever.Whatkindoffooddoyoueat?Daming:Usuallyfas
12、tfood.Doctor:Doyouhavebreakfast?Daming:No,notusually.Doctor:Thatstheproblem!Fastfoodandnobreakfast.Thatswhyyouvegotastomachache.3Listen and read.Daming:Whatabouttheheadache?Doctor:Doyoudoanyexercise?Daming:Notreally.IhaventdonemuchexercisesinceIgotmycomputerlastyear.Docotor:Youspendtoomuchtimeinfron
13、tofthecomputer.Itcanbeveryharmfultoyourhealth.Daming:OK,sowhatshouldIdo?Doctor:Well,dontworry.Itsnotserious.First,stopeatingfastfoodandhavebreakfasteveryday.Second,getsomeexercise,suchasrunning.AndIllgiveyousomemedicine.Takeitthreetimesaday.Daming:Thankyou,doctor.Illness How longWhy What to do heada
14、che,stomach ache three daysno breakfast,eat fast food,no exercisestop eating fast food and have breakfast every day,get some exercise,take some medicine3Now complete the table about Daming.How can I help you?have got a stomach acheHow long have you been like this?catch a coldI dont think so.take sbs
15、 temperaturefast foodhave breakfastThats the problem.短语句型总结短语句型总结do exercisetoo much timein front ofbe harmful tostop eatingsuch astake medicine three times a day look afterdo exercise 锻炼锻炼【拓展】【拓展】exercise的用法的用法(1)exercise作名词，意为作名词，意为“锻炼锻炼”，表示抽象或笼统概念，是不可，表示抽象或笼统概念，是不可数名词，其常用搭配数名词，其常用搭配:do/get/take e
16、xercise“做运动；进行锻炼做运动；进行锻炼”。You need to take a lot of exercise.你需要多加锻炼。你需要多加锻炼。(2)exercise作名词，意为作名词，意为“体操；习题体操；习题”时，表示具体意义，是可数时，表示具体意义，是可数名词，如名词，如:do eye exercises“做眼保健操做眼保健操”。(3)exercise可用作动词，意为可用作动词，意为“锻炼锻炼”。I think you should exercise more.我认为你应该多运动运动。我认为你应该多运动运动。知识讲解知识讲解exercise的用法的用法1.I feel ill.
17、我感觉病了。我感觉病了。ill形容词形容词,意为意为“不健康的不健康的;有病的有病的”。比较级和最高级是比较级和最高级是worse,worst。He cant come to the meeting,because he is ill today.今天他因病不能来开会。今天他因病不能来开会。The girl felt even worse than before.这个女孩病得比以前更厉害了。这个女孩病得比以前更厉害了。知识讲解知识讲解I feel ill.2.Ive got a stomach ache and my head hurts.我胃痛和头痛。我胃痛和头痛。hurt 在这里是不及物动
18、词在这里是不及物动词,意为意为“疼痛疼痛;受伤受伤”,其过去式和过去分词为其过去式和过去分词为hurt和和hurt。My feet hurt when I walk.我走路时脚痛。我走路时脚痛。Nothing hurts more than toothache.没有比牙疼更让人难受的了。没有比牙疼更让人难受的了。知识讲解知识讲解Ive got a stomach ache and my head hurts.名词后缀名词后缀-ache表示表示部位疼痛部位疼痛tooth+ache=toothache（牙痛）（牙痛）head+ache=headache（头痛）（头痛）back+ache=backa
19、che（背痛）（背痛）stomach+ache=stomach ache（胃痛（胃痛）ear+ache=earache （耳朵痛）（耳朵痛）heart+ache=heartache（心脏病）（心脏病）知识讲解知识讲解Ive got a stomach ache and my head hurts.3.Since Friday,Ive been ill for about three days!自星期五以来自星期五以来,我病了大约三天了我病了大约三天了!since在此是介词在此是介词,意为意为“自自以来以来”。后跟过去一个时间点后跟过去一个时间点,常与现在完成时连用。常与现在完成时连用。Hes
20、been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后自从毕业后,他就一直在一家银行工作。他就一直在一家银行工作。知识讲解知识讲解Since Friday,Ive been ill for about three days!拓展：拓展：since还可作连词还可作连词,意为意为“自自以来以来”。后跟从句。后跟从句。Since I left college,I have not seen him.自从我从大学毕业以后自从我从大学毕业以后,就没有见过他了。就没有见过他了。4.Have you caught a cold?你得感冒了吗你得感冒了吗?catch
21、 a cold 意为意为“感冒感冒”,相当于相当于have a cold。其中其中cold是名词是名词,意为意为“感冒感冒;伤风伤风”。Whats the matter with you?你怎么了你怎么了?I catch a cold.我感冒了。我感冒了。知识讲解知识讲解Have you caught a cold?拓展：拓展：患病的表达法集锦患病的表达法集锦have a sore throat 喉咙痛喉咙痛 have a bad cold 患重感冒患重感冒 have a fever 发烧发烧 have a cough 咳嗽咳嗽 have a headache 头痛头痛 have a toot
22、hache 牙痛牙痛知识讲解知识讲解患病的表达法集锦患病的表达法集锦 5.You spend too much time in front of the computer.你在电脑前花费时间太多了。你在电脑前花费时间太多了。too much意为意为“太多太多”,后接不可数名词。后接不可数名词。He has too much homework to do.他有太多家庭作业要做。他有太多家庭作业要做。Though he is young,he knows too much about computer.尽管他很小尽管他很小,他却知道太多的电脑知识。他却知道太多的电脑知识。知识讲解知识讲解You s
23、pend too much time in front of the computer.知识讲解知识讲解辨析辨析 too much,too many 和和 much too6.It can be very harmful to your health.这可能对你的健康是非常有害的。这可能对你的健康是非常有害的。be harmful to意为意为“对对有害有害”。Freezing winter is harmful to orange trees.冰冻天气对橘子树是有害的。冰冻天气对橘子树是有害的。拓展：拓展：harm动词动词,意为意为“伤害伤害”。The dog wont harm you.这
24、条狗不会伤害你。这条狗不会伤害你。知识讲解知识讲解It can be very harmful to your health.7.It can be very harmful to your health.这可能对你的健康是非常有害的。这可能对你的健康是非常有害的。health作作名词名词,意为意为“健康健康”。Exercising more is good for our health.多锻炼对我们的健康有益。多锻炼对我们的健康有益。We are all in good health.我们的身体都很健康。我们的身体都很健康。知识讲解知识讲解It can be very harmful to
25、your health.拓展：拓展：healthy作作形容词形容词,意为意为“健康的健康的”。反义词反义词unhealthy“不健康的不健康的”;副词为副词为healthily“健康地健康地”。Children need healthy food.儿童需要健康的食物。儿童需要健康的食物。Although my grandfather is old,he looks very strong and healthy.我爷爷虽然老了我爷爷虽然老了,但他看上去很健壮。但他看上去很健壮。知识讲解知识讲解It can be very harmful to your health.8.How long ha
26、ve you been like this?你像这样多长时间了你像这样多长时间了?Since Friday.Ive been ill for about three days!自从星期五。我病了大约三天了自从星期五。我病了大约三天了!(1)how long表示表示“多久，多长时间多久，多长时间”。主要用来提问时间段，常用主要用来提问时间段，常用since或或for短语来回答。短语来回答。(2)since和和for短语都可以表示一段时间，短语都可以表示一段时间，但是但是since后接时间点或接后接时间点或接“时间段时间段+ago”，而，而for后接时间段；后接时间段；对对since或或for短语
27、提问时，都用短语提问时，都用how long。How long has Mr Smith lived here?史密斯先生在这里住了多久了史密斯先生在这里住了多久了?Since two years ago./For two years.自从两年前。自从两年前。/两年了。两年了。知识讲解知识讲解How long have you been like this?【拓展拓展】how构成的不同疑问词构成的不同疑问词:how long还可表示还可表示“多长多长”，对事物的长度提问。，对事物的长度提问。how often表示表示“多长时间一次或每隔多久一次多长时间一次或每隔多久一次”，对频率提问，对频率提
28、问。how far表示表示“多远多远”，对路程、距离提问。，对路程、距离提问。how soon表示表示“多久以后多久以后”，主要对表示将来的一段时间提问。，主要对表示将来的一段时间提问。知识讲解知识讲解How long have you been like this?How long is the river?这条河有多长这条河有多长?How often do you play tennis?你们多久打一次网球你们多久打一次网球?Once a week.每周一次。每周一次。How far is it from your home to school?你家到学校有多远你家到学校有多远?How s
29、oon can you get there?你多久以后能到那里你多久以后能到那里?Maybe in an hour.或许或许1小时以后。小时以后。知识讲解知识讲解How long have you been like this?cough fever health stomach ache temperature It is easy to look after your(1)_.Just do some exercise,such as running.Do not eat fast food!It may give you a(2)_.Most illnesses are not dang
30、erous but when you catch a cold or get a(3)_,you may also get a(4)_.This means your(5)_ is higher than usual.You must go to the doctor.health4Complete the passage with the words and expression in the box.stomach achecoughfevertemperature1.How can I help you?2.How long have been like this?3.Have you
31、caught a cold?4.Do you do any exercise?Now listen again and repeat.5Listen and notice the intonation.Student A:You are a doctor.Student B:You are at the doctors.Choose one of the illnesses from the box in Activity 1.6Work in pairs.Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient.Possible beginn
32、ing:How can I help you?Ive got a bad cough.1.现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。现在完成时定义：也可以表示某一动作从过去一直延续到现在。e.g.Jane has kept the book for three days.简已经借这本书三天了。简已经借这本书三天了。The boy has had the bike since last Sunday.自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆自行车。自从上周五，这个男孩就买了这辆自行车。语法总结语法总结现在完成时现在完成时2.现在完成时的时间短语：现在完成时的时间短语：for和和since时间
33、短语是现在完成时的常用时间短语，时间短语是现在完成时的常用时间短语，是现在完成时的标志。是现在完成时的标志。for后面加时间段，表示一段时间。后面加时间段，表示一段时间。例如：例如：for two weeks for one month since后面加时间点，表示自后面加时间点，表示自以来。以来。例如：例如：since last week since 2008 注意：注意：对对for和和since时间短语提问用时间短语提问用how long。语法总结语法总结现在完成时现在完成时1.Whats wrong with you?Ive _ a headache.A.get B.got C.had
34、D.have2.Has the doctor _ your temperature?Yes,he has.A.do B.take C.took D.taken3.Doing much _ is good for your health.A.food B.cold C.exercise D.computer4.Have you caught a _?Yes,I have.I cough now.A.fever B.cold C.toothache D.coughBDExercise单项选择单项选择BC5.Students in Beijing _ away many books to the H
35、ope Schools since 2018.A.have given B.give C.gave D.giving6.He _ Luzhou for three months.A.has left B.has come to C.has gone to D.has been away from 7.Did you borrow the comic book from the library?Yes.I _ it for three days.Ill return it this afternoon.”A.borrowed B.kept C.have borrowed D.have kept
36、8.The astronaut is so tired that he _ for eleven hours.A.has been asleep B.has fallen asleep C.has gone to bed D.has gone to sleep AD DExercise单项选择单项选择DA1.我胃疼，头也疼。我胃疼，头也疼。2.从星期五开始，我已经像这样大约三天了从星期五开始，我已经像这样大约三天了.3.让我量一下你的体温。让我量一下你的体温。4.那就是你胃疼的原因。那就是你胃疼的原因。5.自从有了电脑，我就很少锻炼了。自从有了电脑，我就很少锻炼了。Ive got a stom
37、ach ache and my head hurts.Since Friday,Ive been like this for about three days.Let me take your temperature.Thats why youve got a stomach ache.I havent done much exercise since I got my computer.Exercise将下列句子翻译成英语。将下列句子翻译成英语。Homework1.Rememberusefulwordsandsentences.2.Makeupadialogueaboutseeingadoctor.3.PreviewUnit2.Remember1.Gotobedearly.2.Domorningexerciseeveryday.3.Drinklotsofwatereveryday.4.Drinkmilkeveryday.5.Eatalotofvegetablesandfruitseveryday.Howtokeephealthy?Thanks for listening!