《流程操作(1).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《流程操作(1).ppt（28页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、流程操作(1)2023/5/20 流程操作(1)If sequence numbers are not used,the operation numbers should be assigned in numerical order.操作說明 The Operation Description 操作說明是對生產操作的簡略描述.它不取代詳細的 制造工作指示.The operation description gives a brief description of the operation to be performed.It is not intended to take the place
2、 of detailed manufacturing instructions.工作中心 Work Center 工作中心是指用于完成產品工藝的機器,機器群組或生 產資源的名稱代號.工作中心可以制訂得非常詳細或廣泛,這取決于公司的生產需要.The work center is the name of machine,group of machines,or mfg.used to complete the manufacturing process.Work centers can be very detailed or somewhat broad in definition,dependi
3、ng on company requirements.生產所需時間 Time Required For Production 生產所需時間指的是生產一個樣品所需要的時間,它由以下幾部分組成:The term refers to how long it takes to make one piece.It can be stated in terms of:裝置時間-用于裝備機器所需的時間.Setup Time The time needed to set up and prepare the machine to do the work.運行時間-生產一件樣品所需的時間.流程操作(1)Run
4、Time The time it takes to produce one piece.裝置時間和運行時間應考慮周到地保存在每一操作的流程文件之中,而且一般上占總生產交期時間的1020%Setup and run times are maintained discreetly within the routing file for each operation and typically make up about 10-20 percent of total manufacturing lead time.等待時間-指的是材料的轉運,倉存,和工 作中心等待所需的時間.Queue Time T
5、he time the material spends in transit,storage,and at each work center waiting to be worked on.等待時間隨工廠布局,制造工藝和排期作業而定.等待時間是一個非制造時間,在大多數公司,據統計等待時間占到總生產時間的80%90%.我們的目標是盡可能減少甚至消除等待時間以降低成本.等待時間是一種額外的成本,它不能增加產品的價值.Queue time is a function of plant layout,the manufacturing process,and the scheduling proces
6、s.Queue time is non-productive in the manufacturing process.In most companies,it accounts for about 80-90%of the total manufacturing time.The goal is to reduce queue time to as low a value as possible,or even eliminate it.Queue is an added cost.It adds no value to the product.如何使用流程 How A Routing Is
7、 Used 流程由工程部門開發并應用于公司內很多部門:Routing are developed by Engineering and are used in many departments within a company:工程部-制訂開發新零件的生產工藝.Engineering To develop mfg.processes for new items.流程操作(1)生產-正確地生產每種產品 Manufacturing To correctly produce each product.車間控制-跟蹤生產制造過程 Shop Floor Control To keep track of
8、the sequence of production 成本核算-確定生產一件產品的實際成本.Cost Accounting To determine the actual cost to produce a product.流程的用處 Routing Uses:確定生產程序的流程也有如下的用處:The routing along with defining the manufacturing processes to be performed,has several other uses:1.控制點/發貨點 Point of Control/Dispatching 依據由工作中心/流程文件和工
9、作中心資料,可以制 定一個日排期表或者工作中心優先發貨單.工廠或部門管理人員可利用此排期表去決定工作的優先順序.From the work center/routing file along with work center information,a daily schedule or work center priority dispatch list may be created.This schedule is utilized by the factory or area supervisor regarding work priorities.財務方面-計算產品的標準成本.Fina
10、nce To calculate the standard cost of the product.生產控制/物料-確定如何安排生產程序.Production Control/Material To determine how to schedule the manufacturing processes流程操作(1)工作中心優先調度表Work Center Priority Dispatch List 2.制訂排期 Scheduling 標準時間的總和就成了交貨周期.此交貨周期可用于以時間為基準的排期.Time standards are rolled up into lead times
11、to used in time-phased scheduling.日期 Date:6-30-x3.成本 Costing 不論使用標準的,實際的或是當前的成本系統,時間標 準提供了生產零件的成本數據的基準點(典範借鑒).Whether standard,actual or current cost system is used,time standards provide benchmark costing data for the manufactured item.流程操作(1)流程文件生產零件編號總的等候時間總的計劃時間總的運行時間零件總表文件生產零件編號零件等待時間零件備機時間零件運行
12、時間產品成本文件生產零件編號額外的費用裝 置費 用運 行費 用生產交期積累模塊 產品成本積累模塊流程文件對產品成本的影響Routing File Influence On Product CostRouting fileMfg.ItemNo.Queue Time SummarySetup TimeSummaryRun TimeSummaryItem Master FileMfg.Item No.Item QueueTimeItem SetupTimeItem RunTimeLeadTime Roll upUtilityProduct Cost FileMfg.Item No.Overhead
13、CostSetupCostRunCostProductCostRoll upUtility流程操作(1)4.產能計劃 Capacity Planning 操作順序,時間標準和工作中心資料可以制定產能計劃(粗略的和詳細的).典型的報告包括所需的工作中心或機器的產能.流程文件對產能計劃的影響 Routing File Influence On Capacity Planning流程文件生產零件編號零件總表文件生產零件編號總排期和物料計劃程序操作順序計劃和運行時間零件交貨周期排期報告工作中心產能報告工作中心發送報告The operation sequence,time standards and o
14、ther work center detail permit capacity planning(rough cut and detail).Typical reports include required capacity by work center or machine.流程操作(1)如何創建及管理流程 How to Create and Manage Routings(1)工程部決定用最適當的方法和生產資源(工作中心)生產產品.Engineering determines the best methods and manufacturing resources(work centers
15、)to build the product.(2)工程部應和生產部一起開發新的流程.The Eng.Dept.may initially work with Manufacturing to develop new routings.(3)當新的流程在生產中實施時,流程的改變和改進必須用文件存檔使每個人都知道這種變化.As new routing are implemented in Mfg.,changes and improvements to the routings must be documented so everyone will be aware of changes.(4)這
16、些部門然后一起討論改善流程的準確性.流程文件應達到99%以上的準確度.These departments then work together to improve the accuracy of the routings.Routing documents should achieve 99%plus accuracy level.總的來說,如果流程是準確的而且被正確地使用,它們將成為公司的溝通網絡中的一個重要環節,從而能更有效地生產產品.In summary,if routings are accurate and used correctly,they will be an import
17、ant link in a co.s communication network to efficiently produce a product.Routing FileMfg.Item No.Item Master FileMfg.Item No.Master Scheduling&Mat.Planng ProcessesItem LeadTimesScheduling ReportsOperationsSequencesSetup&RunTimesWork CenterCapacity ReportWork CenterDispatch Report流程操作(1)流程開發 Routing
18、 Development依公司組織而定,一般來說,流程是制造工藝部的職責.According to company organization,generally,routing is the responsibility of manufacturing process department.定義工作中心 Defining Work Centers 一些大的生產地區可以被分為幾個生產單位,例如制造,裝配和檢驗.工作中心產生于細分這些生產單位或部門為更小的區域性單位.在一個依工作性能而排列的生產地區,工作中心一般依機器種類或工藝性能來決定,例如:焊接,機械加工,線路板裝配.在流水作業的生產部門,
19、部門及工作中心應依產品和產品組合來確定.工作中心被賦予一個唯一的號碼和名字,這些號碼和名字反映了工作中心在制造過程中所扮演的角色.每一個工作中心的詳細信息包含在工作中心主文件內.Some large production areas may first subdivided into departments,such as fabrication,assembly and test.Work centers are created by dividing these production areas or depts.into smaller geographic units.In produ
20、ction areas that are functionally organized,work centers are typically defined around types of machinery or around process function,such as welding,machining,or circuit board assembly.In production areas that are organized for flow manufacturing,departments and work centers are given unique numbers or names reflecting their role in the production process.Detailed information about each work center is contained in the Work Center File.Unit 9:流 程 RoutingsLesson 2:流程開發 Routing Development流程操作(1)